b10q.htm
 


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 

 
FORM 10-Q
 

 
 
(Mark One)
 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008.
 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from                      to                     .
 
Commission File Number 0-20288

 

 
 
COLUMBIA BANKING SYSTEM, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
   
Washington
91-1422237
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
   
1301 “A” Street
Tacoma, Washington
98402-2156
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
 
(253) 305-1900
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x    No  ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer  ¨                Accelerated filer  x                Non-accelerated filer  ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ¨    No  x
 
The number of shares of common stock outstanding at April 30, 2008 was 18,089,093.

 

 

 


 TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
     
   
Page
 
     
Item 1.
 
     
 
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        2
     
 
        3
     
 
        4
     
 
        5
     
Item 2.
        13
     
Item 3.
        23
     
Item 4.
        23
   
 
     
Item 1.
        25
     
Item 1A.
        25
     
Item 2.
        26
     
Item 3.
        26
     
Item 4.
        26
     
Item 5.
        26
     
Item 6.
        27
     
 
        28


i
 


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1 - Financial Statements (unaudited)
 
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 
Columbia Banking System, Inc.
(Unaudited)  
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
(in thousands except per share)  
2008
   
2007    
 
Interest Income
           
Loans
  $ 41,303     $ 34,030  
Taxable securities
    4,980       4,785  
Tax-exempt securities
    2,001       1,960  
Federal funds sold and deposits with banks
    149       371  
Total interest income
    48,433       41,146  
Interest Expense
               
Deposits
    14,835       12,159  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    2,582       3,179  
Long-term obligations
    487       507  
Other borrowings
    202       598  
Total interest expense
    18,106       16,443  
Net Interest Income
    30,327       24,703  
Provision for loan and lease losses
    2,076       638  
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses
    28,251       24,065  
Noninterest Income
               
Service charges and other fees
    3,568       2,959  
Merchant services fees
    1,916       1,969  
Gain on sale of investment securities, net
    882        
Gain on redemption of Visa shares
    1,962        
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”)
    505       426  
Other
    1,324       823  
Total noninterest income
    10,157       6,177  
Noninterest Expense
               
Compensation and employee benefits
    13,396       11,358  
Occupancy
    3,259       2,837  
Merchant processing
    866       823  
Advertising and promotion
    581       547  
Data processing
    815       567  
Legal and professional services
    (51 )     823  
Taxes, licenses and fees
    751       613  
Net gain from other real estate owned
    (23 )      
Other
    3,960       2,834  
Total noninterest expense
    23,554       20,402  
Income before income taxes
    14,854       9,840  
Provision for income taxes
    3,877       2,557  
Net Income
  $ 10,977     $ 7,283  
                 
Net Income Per Common Share:
               
Basic
  $ 0.61     $ 0.45  
Diluted
    0.61       0.45  
Dividends paid per common share
  $ 0.17     $ 0.15  
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
    17,850       16,104  
Weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding
    17,978       16,262  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.

1

 

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
 
Columbia Banking System, Inc.
(Unaudited)  
 
 
(in thousands)
 
March 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
 
ASSETS
           
Cash and due from banks
  $ 82,950     $ 82,735  
Interest-earning deposits with banks
    9,165       11,240  
Federal funds sold
    31,500      
— 
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
    123,615       93,975  
Securities available for sale at fair value (amortized cost of $576,372 and $558,685, respectively)
    582,029       561,366  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock at cost
    16,441       11,607  
Loans held for sale
    5,944       4,482  
Loans, net of deferred loan fees of ($3,768) and ($3,931), respectively
    2,300,465       2,282,728  
Less: allowance for loan and lease losses
    27,914       26,599  
Loans, net
    2,272,551       2,256,129  
Interest receivable
    14,200       14,622  
Premises and equipment, net
    56,291       56,122  
Other real estate owned
   
— 
      181  
Goodwill
    95,981       96,011  
Core deposit intangible, net
    6,754       7,050  
Other assets
    72,780       77,168  
Total Assets
  $ 3,246,586     $ 3,178,713  
                 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Deposits:
               
Noninterest-bearing
  $ 508,955     $ 468,237  
Interest-bearing
    2,017,559       2,029,824  
Total deposits
    2,526,514       2,498,061  
Short-term borrowings:
               
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    256,400       257,670  
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    25,000      
— 
 
Other borrowings
    5,321       5,061  
Total short-term borrowings
    286,721       262,731  
Long-term subordinated debt
    25,540       25,519  
Other liabilities
    56,144       50,671  
Total liabilities
    2,894,919       2,836,982  
Commitments and contingent liabilities
   
 
     
— 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
               
    Preferred stock (no par value)
               
Authorized, 2 million shares; none outstanding
   
— 
      —   
 
                       
 
March 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
             
 Common stock (no par value)
                     
Authorized shares
  63,034       63,034              
Issued and outstanding
  18,084       17,953       228,156       226,550  
    Retained earnings
                  115,932       110,169  
        Accumulated other comprehensive income
                  7,579       5,012  
    Total shareholders’ equity
                  351,667       341,731  
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
                $ 3,246,586     $ 3,178,713  
                               
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
 
2

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
Columbia Banking System, Inc.
(Unaudited)  
 
   
Common stock
         
 
Accumulated
Other
     
Total
 
   
Number of
Shares
   
Amount
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
   
Shareholders’
Equity
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Balance at January 1, 2007
    16,060     $ 166,763     $ 89,037     $ (3,453 )   $ 252,347  
Comprehensive income:
                                       
Net income
                7,283             7,283  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                       
Net unrealized gain from securities, net of reclassification adjustments
                      2,790       2,790  
Net unrealized gain from cash flow hedging instruments
                      55       55  
Total comprehensive income
                                    10,128  
Issuance of stock under stock option and other plans
    57       891                   891  
Stock award compensation expense
    40       194                   194  
Stock option compensation expense
          44                   44  
Tax benefit associated with exercise of stock options
          141                   141  
Cash dividends paid on common stock
                (2,416 )           (2,416 )
Balance at March 31, 2007
    16,157     $ 168,033     $ 93,904     $ (608 )   $ 261,329  
                                         
Balance at January 1, 2008
    17,953     $ 226,550     $ 110,169     $ 5,012     $ 341,731  
Cumulative effect of applying consensus in EITF 06-4
                (2,155 )           (2,155 )
Comprehensive income:
                                       
Net income
                10,977             10,977  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                       
Net unrealized gain from securities, net of reclassification adjustments
                      1,904       1,904  
Net unrealized gain from cash flow hedging instruments
                      663       663  
Total comprehensive income
                                    13,544  
Issuance of stock under stock option and other plans
    67       1,084                   1,084  
Stock award compensation expense
    64       384                   384  
Tax benefit associated with exercise of stock options
          138                   138  
Cash dividends paid on common stock
                (3,059 )           (3,059 )
Balance at March 31, 2008
    18,084     $ 228,156     $ 115,932     $ 7,579     $ 351,667  
                                         
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
 

3


CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
Columbia Banking System, Inc.
(Unaudited)  
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
(in thousands)  
2008
   
2007
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
           
Net income
  $ 10,977     $ 7,283  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Provision for loan and lease losses
    2,076       638  
Deferred income tax benefit
    (220 )     (237 )
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
    (138 )     (41 )
Stock-based compensation expense
    384       238  
Depreciation, amortization & accretion
    1,708       1,542  
Net realized gain on sale of securities
    (882 )      
Net realized (gain) loss on sale of other real estate and fixed assets
    (46 )     2  
Net change in:
               
Loans held for sale
    (1,462 )     (2,066 )
Interest receivable
    422       (1,288 )
Interest payable
    1,204       515  
Other assets
    (3,789 )     11  
Other liabilities
    3,243       (849 )
    Net cash provided by operating activities
    13,477       5,748  
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
               
Purchase of securities available for sale
    (76,907 )     (800 )
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
    51,358        
Proceeds from principal repayments and maturities of securities available for sale
    8,545       10,316  
Proceeds from maturities of securities held to maturity
          250  
Loans originated and acquired, net of principal collected
    (19,489 )     (124,961 )
Purchases of premises and equipment
    (1,425 )     (772 )
Purchase of FHLB stock
    (4,834 )      
Proceeds from termination of cash flow hedging instruments
    8,093        
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned
    204        
Proceeds from disposal of premises and equipment
    12       188  
    Net cash used in investing activities
    (34,443 )     (115,779 )
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
               
Net increase in deposits
    28,453       57,675  
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    873,268       825,945  
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    (874,538 )     (819,045 )
Net increase in repurchase agreement borrowings
    25,000       50,000  
Net increase in other borrowings
    260       146  
Cash dividends paid on common stock
    (3,059 )     (2,416 )
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
    1,084       891  
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
    138       41  
    Net cash provided by financing activities
    50,606       113,237  
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
    29,640       3,206  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    93,975       104,344  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 123,615     $ 107,550  
                 
Supplemental information:
               
Cash paid for interest
  $ 16,902     $ 15,155  
Cash paid for income taxes
  $ 150     $ 880  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
 
4

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Columbia Banking System, Inc.
 
1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
 
(a)
Basis of Presentation
 
The interim unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for condensed interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain financial information and footnotes have been omitted or condensed. The consolidated condensed financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned banking subsidiaries Columbia Bank and Bank of Astoria (“Astoria”). All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of results to be anticipated for the year ending December 31, 2008.  The accompanying interim unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes contained in the Company’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
(b)
Significant Accounting Policies
 
The significant accounting policies used in preparation of our consolidated financial statements are disclosed in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have not been any other material changes in our significant accounting policies compared to those contained in our 2007 10-K disclosure for the year ended December 31, 2007.
 
2. Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued or Adopted
 
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS 161”).  This Statement requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities and is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.  The Company plans to apply the enhanced disclosure provisions of SFAS 161 to all derivative and hedging activities.
 
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements.   SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and expands disclosures about fair value measurement.  For further information, see Note 7 of the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.
 
On January 1, 2008, the Company began applying the consensus reached by the Emerging Issues Task Force in Issue No. 06-4, Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements (“EITF 06-4”).  EITF 06-4 provides recognition guidance regarding liabilities and related compensation costs for endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangements that provide a benefit to an employee that extends to postretirement periods.  The Company recognized the effects of applying the consensus through a change in accounting principle with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $2.2 million.  Application of this consensus did not have a material effect on our results of operations. 
 
3. Share-based Payments
 
At March 31, 2008 the Company had one equity compensation plan (the “Plan”), which is shareholder approved, that provides for the granting of share options and shares to eligible employees and directors up to 2,191,482 shares. Share option and share awards are made at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
 
Share Awards: Restricted share awards provide for the immediate issuance of shares of Company common stock to the recipient, with such shares held in escrow until certain service conditions are met, generally five years of continual service. Recipients of restricted shares do not pay any cash consideration to the Company for the shares, have the right to vote all shares subject to such grant, and receive all dividends with respect to such shares, whether or not the shares have vested. The fair value of share awards is equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

5


 

 
A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested shares as of March 31, 2008 is presented below:
 
Nonvested Shares
 
Shares
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 
Nonvested at January 1, 2008
    143,325     $ 32.36  
Granted
    65,610       24.09  
Vested
    (4,165 )     33.72  
Forfeited
    (1,450 )     29.15  
Nonvested at March 31, 2008
    203,320     $ 29.68  
 
As of March 31, 2008 there was $4.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.4 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $140,000 and $17,000, respectively.
 
Share Options: Option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant; those option awards generally vest based on three years of continual service and are exercisable for a five-year period after vesting. Option awards granted have a 10-year maximum term.
 
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The fair value of all options is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods, which are generally the vesting periods. The expected life of options granted represents the period of time that they are expected to be outstanding. The expected life is determined based on historical experience with similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms and vesting schedules. Expected volatilities of our common stock are estimated at the date of grant based on the historical volatility of the stock. The volatility factor is based on historical stock prices over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected life of the award. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury curve in effect at the time of the award. The expected dividend yield is based on dividend trends and the market value of the Company’s stock price at the time of the award.
 
A summary of option activity under the Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2008 is presented below:
 
Options
 
Shares
   
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
   
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
($000)
 
Balance at January 1, 2008
    331,868     $ 14.77              
Granted
                       
Forfeited
    (2,431 )     21.60              
Exercised
    (55,314 )     13.84              
Balance at March 31, 2008
    274,123     $ 14.89       3.4     $ 2,220  
Total Exercisable at March 31, 2008
    274,123     $ 14.89       3.4     $ 2,220  
 
There were no stock options granted by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $546,000 and $1.1 million, respectively.
 

6



As of March 31, 2008, outstanding stock options consist of the following:
 
Ranges of
Exercise Prices
 
Number of
Option
Shares
 
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Option Shares
 
Number of
Exercisable
Option Shares
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Exercisable Option
Shares
 
$ 3.09 – 6.17     27,740     2.3   $ 4.76     27,740   $ 4.76  
  6.18 – 9.25     2,326     4.6     6.31     2,326     6.31  
  9.26 – 12.34     102,285     1.4     11.21     102,285     11.21  
  12.35 – 15.43     46,188     4.8     13.97     46,188     13.97  
  15.44 – 18.51     15,369     4.4     17.29     15,369     17.29  
  18.52 – 21.60     24,599     6.1     19.08     24,599     19.08  
  21.61 – 24.68     18,635     4.2     22.88     18,635     22.88  
  24.69 – 27.77     31,310     4.7     25.77     31,310     25.77  
  27.78 – 30.86     5,671     8.9     30.86     5,671     30.86  
        274,123  
3.4 years
  $ 14.89     274,123   $ 14.89  
 
It is the Company’s policy to issue new shares for share option exercises and share awards. The Company expenses awards of share options and shares on a straight-line basis over the related vesting term of the award. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company recognized pre-tax compensation expense related to share options and shares of $384,000 and $238,000, respectively.
 
4. Earnings per share
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands, except for per share data):
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share)
 
For The Three
Months Ended
3/31/2008
   
For The Three
Months Ended
3/31/2007
 
Net income
  $ 10,977     $ 7,283  
Weighted average common shares outstanding (for basic calculation)
    17,850       16,104  
Incremental shares from unexercised stock options and unvested restricted stock awards
    128       158  
Weighted average common stock and common equivalent shares outstanding (for diluted calculation)
    17,978       16,262  
Net earnings per common share – basic
  $ 0.61     $ 0.45  
Net earnings per common share – diluted
  $ 0.61     $ 0.45  
 
Potential dilutive shares are excluded from the computation of earnings per share if their effect is anti-dilutive. For the three month periods ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007 there were 36,981 and 0 anti-dilutive shares outstanding, respectively related to options to acquire common stock.
 
5. Dividends
 
On January 23, 2008, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.17 per share, payable on February 20, 2008 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on February 6, 2008. Subsequent to quarter end, on April 23, 2008, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.17 per share, payable on May 21, 2008, to shareholders of record at the close of business May 7, 2008. The payment of cash dividends is subject to Federal regulatory requirements for capital levels and other restrictions. In addition, the cash dividends paid by Columbia Bank and Bank of Astoria to the Company are subject to both Federal and State regulatory requirements.

7


 
6. Business Segment Information
 
The Company is managed along two major lines of business: commercial banking and retail banking. The treasury function of the Company, included in the “Other” category, although not considered a line of business, is responsible for the management of investments and interest rate risk. In addition, the provision for loan and lease losses is included in the “Other” category.  Subsequent to quarter-end, on April 1, 2008, the Bank of Astoria banking subsidiary was merged into the Columbia Bank banking subsidiary.  This change in internal organizational structure also changes the composition of the Company’s reportable segments.  Accordingly, segment results for the Bank of Astoria are now included in the Retail Banking segment.  Prior period segment reporting has been restated to reflect this change.
 
The Company generates segment results that include balances directly attributable to business line activities. The financial results of each segment are derived from the Company’s general ledger system. Overhead, including sales and back office support functions and other indirect expenses are not allocated to the major lines of business. Goodwill resulting from business combinations is included in the Retail Banking segment. Since the Company is not specifically organized around lines of business, most reportable segments comprise more than one operating activity.
 
The principal activities conducted by commercial banking are the origination of commercial business loans, private banking services and real estate lending. Retail banking includes all deposit products, with their related fee income, and all consumer loan products as well as commercial loan products offered in the Company’s branch offices.
 
Effective January 1, 2008 the Company implemented a more robust internal funds transfer pricing methodology.  Internal funds transfer pricing refers to the process we utilize to give an earnings credit to a branch or revenue center for the deposit funds they generate while providing an earnings charge to the centers that use deposit funds to make loans.  The implementation of this methodology changed the basis of measurement for segment net interest income as presented in the tables below.  Generally, this methodology had the effect of increasing net interest income for the commercial banking segment with a corresponding decrease in net interest income for the retail banking segment.  The increase in net interest income for the commercial banking segment is driven primarily by the earnings credit for deposit funds generated within that segment.  In prior years, the retail banking segment benefited from the earnings credit for deposit funds generated by the commercial banking segment.  Segment net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses for the current quarter is not directly comparable to the same line item in the first quarter of last year as the prior quarter cannot practicably be restated.

8


 
The organizational structure of the Company and its business line financial results are not necessarily comparable with information from other financial institutions. Financial highlights by lines of business are as follows:
 
Condensed Statements of Income:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
 
(in thousands)
 
Commercial
Banking
   
Retail
Banking
   
Other
   
Total
 
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses
  $ 13,632     $ 16,051     $ (1,432 )   $ 28,251  
Other income
    1,173       2,244       6,740       10,157  
Other expense
    (2,696 )     (9,198 )     (11,660 )     (23,554 )
Net income before income taxes
    12,109       9,097       (6,352 )     14,854  
Income taxes
                            (3,877 )
Net income
                          $ 10,977  
Total assets
  $ 1,491,325     $ 995,845     $ 759,416     $ 3,246,586  
                                 
       
   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007
 
(in thousands)
 
Commercial
Banking
   
Retail
Banking
   
Other
   
Total
 
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses
  $ 6,455     $ 18,776     $ (1,166 )   $ 24,065  
Other income
    635       1,871       3,671       6,177  
Other expense
    (2,804 )     (6,196 )     (11,402 )     (20,402 )
Net income before income taxes
    4,286       14,451       (8,897 )     9,840  
Income taxes
                            (2,557 )
Net income
                          $ 7,283  
Total assets
  $ 1,342,496     $ 652,626     $ 681,082     $ 2,676,204  
                                 
 


9


 
7. Fair Value Accounting and Measurement

SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure requirements about fair value.  SFAS 157, among other things, requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

We hold fixed and variable rate interest bearing securities, investments in marketable equity securities and certain other financial instruments, which are carried at fair value.  Fair value is determined based upon quoted prices when available or through the use of alternative approaches, such as matrix or model pricing, when market quotes are not readily accessible or available.

The valuation techniques are based upon observable and unobservable inputs.  Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our own market assumptions.  These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date
Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.
Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

Fair values are determined as follows:

Securities at fair value are priced using matrix pricing based on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, and under the provisions of SFAS 157 are considered a Level 2 input method.

Interest rate swap positions are valued in models, which use as their basis, readily observable market parameters and are classified within level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair values as of March 31, 2008 by level within the fair value hierarchy.  As required by SFAS 157, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement:



         
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 
         
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs
 
(in thousands)  
March 31, 2008
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Assets
                       
Securities available for sale
  $ 582,029     $     $ 582,029     $  
Interest rate swap agreements
  $ 4,768     $     $ 4,768     $  
                                 
Liabilities
                               
Interest rate swap agreements
  $ 4,768     $     $ 4,768     $  


10


8. Comprehensive Income
 
The components of comprehensive income are as follows:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
(in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Net income as reported
  $ 10,977     $ 7,283  
Unrealized gain from securities:
               
Net unrealized holding gain from available for sale securities arising during the period, net of tax of $1,385 and $1,512
    2,475       2,790  
Reclassification adjustment of net gain from sale of available for sale securities included in income, net of tax of $311 and $0
    (571 )      
Net unrealized gain from securities, net of reclassification adjustments
    1,904       2,790  
Unrealized gain from cash flow hedging instruments:
               
Net unrealized gain from cash flow hedging instruments arising during the period, net of tax of $425 and $30
    739       55  
Reclassification adjustment of net gain included in income, net of tax of $42 and $0
    (76 )      
Net unrealized gain from cash flow hedging instruments
    663       55  
Total comprehensive income
  $ 13,544     $ 10,128  
 
9. Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit
 
The following table presents activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
(in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Beginning balance
  $ 26,599     $ 20,182  
Provision charged to expense
    2,076       638  
Loans charged-off
    (1,215 )     (153 )
Recoveries
    454       152  
Ending balance
  $ 27,914     $ 20,819  
 
Changes in the allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit are summarized as follows:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
  (in thousands)  
2008
   
2007
 
Beginning balance
  $ 349     $ 339  
Net changes in the allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit
    60        
Ending balance
  $ 409     $ 339  
 
10. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 
The Company had $96 million in goodwill at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had a core deposit intangible (“CDI”) asset of $6.8 million and $7.1 million, respectively. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for potential impairment during the third quarter on an annual basis, or if events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment, at the reporting unit level. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. The CDI is evaluated for impairment if events and circumstances indicate a possible impairment. The CDI is amortized on an accelerated basis over an estimated life of approximately 10 years. Amortization expense related to the CDI was $296,000 and $96,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007 respectively. The CDI amortization expense is included in other noninterest expense on the consolidated condensed statements of income.
 

11


11. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
 
On March 18, 2008 Visa, Inc. (“Visa”) completed its initial public offering (“IPO”).  On March 31, 2008, Visa funded a litigation escrow account with $3.0 billion from its IPO proceeds. Based on the Company’s Visa USA membership percentage, the expected economic benefit to the Company from this escrow account is $889,200. Accordingly, the Company recognized a reversal of previously accrued legal expense of $889,200. This reversal is included in the legal and professional services line item of the consolidated condensed statements of income and is a reduction of the $1.8 million Visa litigation liability the Company accrued during the fourth quarter of 2007. The Company’s remaining Visa litigation reserve of approximately $888,000, which is included in other liabilities on the consolidated condensed balance sheets, will be subject to ongoing review and adjusted accordingly as information on Visa’s litigation matters emerges.
 
In addition, as a result of Visa’s IPO, the Company received 118,637 shares of Class B Common Stock.  Pursuant to Visa’s Certificate of Incorporation, a portion of the Company’s shares were subject to mandatory partial redemption.  On March 28, 2008, 45,866 shares of the Company’s Class B Visa Common Stock were redeemed for net cash proceeds of $1.96 million.  Consistent with Securities and Exchange Commission guidance, the Company will not recognize any gain on its remaining 72,771 shares of unredeemed Visa Class B Common Stock until such time they are redeemed for cash.
 

 



12



Item 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
This discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements of Columbia Banking System, Inc. (referred to in this report as “we”, “our”, and “the Company”) and notes thereto presented elsewhere in this report and with the December 31, 2007 audited consolidated financial statements and its accompanying notes included in our recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the following discussion, unless otherwise noted, references to increases or decreases in average balances in items of income and expense for a particular period and balances at a particular date refer to the comparison with corresponding amounts for the period or date one year earlier.
 
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be deemed to include forward looking statements, which management believes to be a benefit to shareholders.  These forward looking statements describe management’s expectations regarding future events and developments such as future operating results, growth in loans and deposits, continued success of our style of banking and the strength of the local economy. The words “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “should,” and “anticipate” and words of similar construction are intended in part to help identify forward looking statements. Future events are difficult to predict, and the expectations described above are necessarily subject to risk and uncertainty that may cause actual results to differ materially and adversely. In addition to discussions about risks and uncertainties set forth from time to time in our filings with the SEC, factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by such forward looking statements include, among others, the following possibilities: (1) local and national economic conditions are less favorable than expected or have a more direct and pronounced effect on us than expected and adversely affect our ability to continue internal growth at historical rates and maintain the quality of our earning assets; (2) a continued decline in the housing/real estate market; (3) changes in interest rates significantly reduce interest margins and negatively affect funding sources; (4) deterioration of credit quality that could, among other things, increase defaults and delinquency risks in the Company’s loan portfolios (5) projected business increases following strategic expansion activities are lower than expected; (6) competitive pressure among financial institutions increases significantly; (7) legislation or regulatory requirements or changes adversely affect the businesses in which we are engaged; and (8) our ability to realize the efficiencies we expect to receive from our investments in personnel, acquisitions and infrastructure.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Management has identified the accounting policies related to the allowance for loan and lease losses as critical to an understanding of our financial statements. These policies and related estimates are discussed in “Item 7. Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation” under the heading “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit” in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have not been any material changes in our critical accounting policies relating to the allowance for loan and lease losses as compared to those disclosed in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
OVERVIEW
 
Note:  First quarter 2007 financial information does not include the results of Mountain Bank Holding Company and Town Center Bancorp, which were both acquired on July 23, 2007.
 
Earnings Summary
 
The Company reported net income of $11.0 million for the first quarter of 2008 or $.61 per diluted share, compared with $7.3 million, or $0.45 per diluted share for the first quarter of 2007.  Return on average assets and return on average equity were 1.39% and 12.60%, respectively, for the first quarter of 2008, compared with returns of 1.14% and 11.52%, respectively, for the first quarter of 2007.  The Company’s results for the first quarter of 2008 improved from the same period in 2007, as increases in noninterest expense and the provision for loan and lease losses were outpaced by increases in net interest income and noninterest income.  In addition, the first quarter 2008 results reflect the financial consolidation of Mountain Bank Holding Company and Town Center Bancorp, which were both acquired on July 23, 2007; consequently, the first quarter 2007 financial information does not include the results of the two organizations.
 
Revenue (net interest income plus noninterest income) for the first quarter of 2008, was $9.6 million, or 31%, higher than the first quarter of 2007, reflecting a 64% increase in noninterest income driven primarily by gains on the sale of investment securities and gains associated with Visa, Inc.’s (“Visa”) recent initial public offering (“IPO”).  Net interest income increased 23% from the prior year driven primarily by growth in earning assets.  Excluding the $882,000 gain arising from the sale of investment securities and the $1.96 million gain from Visa’s IPO, revenue was $6.8 million, or 22%, higher than the same period last year.

13


 
Total noninterest expense in the first quarter of 2008 was $3.2 million, or 15%, higher than in the first quarter of 2007, principally due to higher operating costs from investments in personnel, branches and data processing.  These increases were mitigated by a partial reversal, totaling $889,000, of legal expenses related to certain Visa litigation previously accrued in the fourth quarter of 2007.  Excluding the partial reversal of Visa litigation legal expenses, noninterest expense was $4.0 million, or 20%, higher than in the first quarter of 2008.
 
The provision for loan and lease losses for the first quarter of 2008 increased $1.4 million, or 225%, compared with the first quarter of 2007. The increased provision for loan and lease losses is a result of an increase in the average balance of loans outstanding, increased net loan charge-offs and continuing weakness in the for-sale housing industry and the economy in general.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Our results of operations are dependent to a large degree on our net interest income. We also generate noninterest income through service charges and fees, merchant services fees, and bank owned life insurance. Our operating expenses consist primarily of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy, merchant card processing, data processing and legal and professional fees. Like most financial institutions, our interest income and cost of funds are affected significantly by general economic conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates, and by government policies and actions of regulatory authorities.
 
Note:  First quarter 2007 financial information does not include the results of Mountain Bank Holding Company and Town Center Bancorp, which were both acquired on July 23, 2007.
 
Net Interest Income
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 the net interest margin remained stable when compared to the same period in 2007.  Interest income for the first quarter of 2008 increased 18% over the same period in 2007 while interest expense increased 10%.  The increase in interest income in the current quarter as compared to the same quarter in 2007 is primarily due to increased volumes in loans coupled with increased yields on available-for-sale securities.  The increase in interest expense is attributed to increased levels of deposits from the 2007 acquisitions as well as increased volumes of short-term borrowings, primarily Federal Home Loan Bank advances.
 


14


The following tables set forth the average balances of all major categories of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the total dollar amounts of interest income on interest-earning assets and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities by category and in total, net interest income and net interest margin.
 

 

   
Three months ending March 31,
   
Three months ending March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
(in thousands)
 
Average
Balances (1)
   
Interest
Earned /
Paid
   
Average
Rate
   
Average
Balances (1)
   
Interest
Earned /
Paid
   
Average
Rate
 
ASSETS
                                   
Loans, net
  $ 2,304,588     $ 41,303       7.21 %   $ 1,765,692     $ 34,030       7.82 %
Securities (2)
    582,056       8,300       5.74 %     597,952       7,820       5.30 %
Interest-earning deposits with banks and federal funds sold
    19,528       149       3.07 %     28,728       371       5.24 %
Total interest-earning assets
    2,906,172     $ 49,752       6.89 %     2,392,372     $ 42,221       7.16 %
Other earning assets
    47,159                       38,776                  
Noninterest-earning assets
    232,682                       154,877                  
Total assets
  $ 3,186,013                     $ 2,586,025                  
                                                 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                               
Certificates of deposit
  $ 844,845     $ 9,087       4.33 %   $ 556,926     $ 5,841       4.25 %
Savings accounts
    114,868       115       0.40 %     109,211       109       0.40 %
Interest-bearing demand and money market accounts
    1,044,382       5,633       2.17 %     921,411       6,209       2.73 %
Total interest-bearing deposits
    2,004,095       14,835       2.98 %     1,587,548       12,159       3.11 %
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    284,054       2,582       3.66 %     233,243       3,179       5.53 %
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    19,231       142       2.98 %     44,445       596       5.44 %
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities
    5,252       60       4.57 %     353       2       2.63 %
Long-term subordinated debt
    25,527       487       7.67 %     22,384       507       9.19 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    2,338,159     $ 18,106       3.11 %     1,887,973     $ 16,443       3.53 %
Noninterest-bearing deposits
    451,095                       413,588                  
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities
    46,488                       28,172                  
Shareholders’ equity
    350,271                       256,292                  
Total liabilities & shareholders’ equity
  $ 3,186,013                     $ 2,586,025                  
Net interest income (2)
          $ 31,646                     $ 25,778          
Net interest margin
                    4.38 %                     4.37 %
 

(1)
Nonaccrual loans have been included in the tables as loans carrying a zero yield. Amortized net deferred loan fees were included in the interest income calculations. The amortization of net deferred loan fees was $1.1 million and $639,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
(2)
Tax-exempt income is calculated on a tax equivalent basis, based on a marginal tax rate of 35%.
 
 
Provision for Loan and Lease Losses
 
During the first quarter of 2008, the Company allocated $2.1 million to its provision for loan and lease losses, compared to $638,000 for the same period in 2007. The increased provision for loan and lease losses is a result of an increase in the average balance of loans outstanding, increased net loan charge-offs and continuing weakness in the for-sale housing industry and the economy in general.  While the Pacific Northwest continues to outperform the rest of the nation, we recognize that we are not immune to the economic challenges outside the Pacific Northwest region as many customers are engaged in business activities which are impacted by the national economy.

15


 
Noninterest Income
 
Noninterest income increased $4.0 million, or 64%, to $10.2 million for the first quarter of 2008 from $6.2 million one year ago. The increase in noninterest income is primarily due to the gain on the redemption of Visa shares of $2.0 million and a gain on sale of investment securities of $882,000.  Service charges and other fees increased $609,000, or 21%, during the first quarter of 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007 reflecting a change in our deposit account fee structure in conjunction with an increase in the number of deposit accounts. Other income includes such things as income from mortgage and international banking, miscellaneous loan fees, and income from our customer interest rate swap program.  Other income was favorably impacted this quarter by $244,000 of income related to our customer interest rate swap program as well as increase of $108,000 in miscellaneous loan fees and $56,000 of broker fees received.
 
Noninterest Expense
 
Total noninterest expense increased $3.2 million, or 15%, for the first quarter of 2008 from $20.4 million for the first quarter of 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to increases in compensation and employee benefits, occupancy expenses and data processing expenses. Compensation and employee benefits expenses increased $2 million in the first quarter of 2008 primarily as a result of our third quarter 2007 acquisitions, general wage increases and overall employee benefit expense increases. Occupancy expenses increased $422,000 from the first quarter of 2007 primarily due to expenses related to the above mentioned acquisitions and the opening of two additional branches late in 2007.  Data processing expenses increased $248,000 from the first quarter of 2007 as a result of increased volumes due in part by the acquisitions.  These increases were partially offset by lower legal expenses related to the reversal of previously accrued expenses relating to the Visa IPO.  For additional information on the Visa IPO, see Note 11 to the unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements in “Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)” of this report.
 
Share-based payments: Pretax share-based compensation recognized under SFAS 123(R) for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $384,000 compared to $238,000 for the same period in 2007. These expenses reduced basic earnings per share by $0.03 and $0.01 and diluted earnings per share by $0.02 and $0.01, respectively for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. Share-based compensation expense recorded during the quarter related to both stock options and stock awards. We anticipate an additional $4.1 million in pre-tax share-based compensation through 2012 for awards outstanding as of March 31, 2008. For additional information, see Note 3 to the unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements in “Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)” of this report.
 
The following table presents selected items included in other noninterest expense and the associated change from period to period:
 
   
Three months ended
March 31,
   
Increase
(Decrease)
Amount
 
(in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Core deposit intangible amortization (“CDI”)
  $ 296     $ 96     $ 200  
Software support & maintenance
    200       180       20  
Telephone & network communications
    399       273       126  
Federal Reserve Bank processing fees
    111       113       (2 )
Supplies
    263       288       (25 )
Postage
    362       291       71  
Investor relations
    51       75       (24 )
Travel
    94       79       15  
ATM network
    199       137       62  
Sponsorships & charitable contributions
    159       87       72  
Regulatory premiums
    502       42       460  
Directors fees
    135       110       25  
Employee expenses
    181       171       10  
Insurance
    120       110       10  
Losses on CRA investments (1)
    128       181       (53 )
Miscellaneous
    760       601       159  
Total other non-interest expense
  $ 3,960     $ 2,834     $ 1,126  
 

(1)
A substantial portion of these losses is offset by credits taken as a reduction in our current period income tax expense.

16


 
In managing our business, we review the efficiency ratio, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis (see definition in table below), which is not defined in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  Our efficiency ratio [noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income on a tax-equivalent basis, excluding gains arising from the sale of investment securities, OREO and the redemption of Visa shares as well as the reversal of previously accrued Visa litigation expense] was 62.36% and 63.39% for the first quarters of 2008 and 2007, respectively.  Other companies may define or calculate the efficiency ratio differently.  We believe this presentation provides investors with a more accurate picture of our operating efficiency.

Reconciliation of Financial Data to GAAP Financial Measures
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
(in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Net interest income (1)
  $ 30,327     $ 24,703  
Tax equivalent adjustment for non-taxable investment securities interest income (2)
    1,319       1,075  
Adjusted net interest income
  $ 31,646     $ 25,778  
Noninterest income
  $ 10,157     $ 6,177  
Gain on sale of investment securities, net
    (882 )      
Gain on redemption of Visa shares
    (1,962 )      
Tax equivalent adjustment for BOLI income (2)
    272       229  
Adjusted noninterest income
  $ 7,585     $ 6,406  
Noninterest expense
  $ 23,554     $ 20,402  
          Net gain from OREO
    23        
          Reversal of previously accrued Visa litigation expense
    889        
Adjusted noninterest expense
  $ 24,466     $ 20,402  
Efficiency ratio
    65.00 %     66.07 %
Efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent)
    62.36 %     63.39 %
Tax Rate
    35.00 %     35.00 %
 

(1)
Amount represents net interest income before provision for loan losses.
(2)
Fully taxable-equivalent basis: Non taxable revenue is increased by the statutory tax rate to recognize the income tax benefit of the income realized.
 
Income Taxes
 
We recorded an income tax provision of $3.9 million during the first quarter of 2008 compared to a provision of $2.6 million for the first quarter of 2007, with both periods resulting in an effective tax rate of 26%.  Our effective tax rate is less than the statutory rate primarily due to earnings on both tax-exempt municipal securities and bank owned life insurance. For additional information, refer to our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
 
17

Credit Risk Management
 
The extension of credit in the form of loans or other credit products to individuals and businesses is one of our principal business activities. Our policies and applicable laws and regulations require risk analysis as well as ongoing portfolio and credit management. We manage our credit risk through lending limit constraints, credit review, approval policies, and extensive, ongoing internal monitoring. We also manage credit risk through diversification of the loan portfolio by type of loan, type of industry, type of borrower and by limiting the aggregation of debt limits to a single borrower. In analyzing our existing portfolio, we review our consumer and residential loan portfolios by their performance as a pool of loans since no single loan is individually significant or judged by its risk rating, size, or potential risk of loss. In contrast, the monitoring process for the commercial business, private banking, real estate construction, and commercial real estate portfolios includes periodic reviews of individual loans with risk ratings assigned to each loan and performance judged on a loan by loan basis. We review these loans to assess the ability of the borrower to service all of its interest and principal obligations and, as a result, the risk rating may be adjusted accordingly. In the event that full collection of principal and interest is not reasonably assured, the loan is appropriately downgraded and, if warranted, placed on nonaccrual status even though the loan may be current as to principal and interest payments. Additionally, we review these types of loans for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for the Impairment of a Loan”. Impaired loans are considered for nonaccrual status and will typically remain as such until all principal and interest payments are brought current and the prospects for future payments in accordance with the loan agreement appear relatively certain.
 
Loan policies, credit quality criteria, portfolio guidelines and other controls are established under the guidance of our Chief Credit Officer and approved, as appropriate, by the Board. Credit Administration, together with the loan committee, has the responsibility for administering the credit approval process. As another part of its control process, we use an independent internal credit review and examination function to provide assurance that loans and commitments are made and maintained as prescribed by our credit policies. This includes a review of documentation when the loan is initially extended and subsequent monitoring to assess continued performance and proper risk assessment.
 
We have good diversification of loan types within our portfolio.  In addition, the Pacific Northwest economy has continued to outperform the rest of the nation.  However, we recognize that we are not immune to the challenges faced outside the Northwest region as many customers are engaged in business activities which are impacted by the national economy.  Accordingly, we will continue to build reserves for possible loan losses.
 
18

Loan Portfolio Analysis
 
We are a full service commercial bank, originating a wide variety of loans, but concentrating our lending efforts on originating commercial business and commercial real estate loans.
 
The following table sets forth our loan portfolio by type of loan for the dates indicated:
 
(in thousands)
 
March 31,
2008
   
% of
Total
   
December 31,
2007
   
% of
Total
 
Commercial business
  $ 780,177       33.9 %   $ 762,365       33.4 %
Real estate:
                               
One-to-four family residential
    62,733       2.7       60,991       2.7  
Commercial and five or more family residential commercial properties
    843,148       36.7       852,139       37.3  
Total real estate
    905,881       39.4       913,130       40.0  
Real estate construction:
                               
One-to-four family residential
    282,797       12.3       269,115       11.8  
Commercial and five or more family residential commercial properties
    155,362       6.8       165,490       7.2  
Total real estate construction
    438,159       19.1       434,605       19.0  
Consumer
    180,016       7.8       176,559       7.8  
Sub-total loans
    2,304,233       100.2       2,286,659       100.2  
Less: Deferred loan fees
    (3,768 )     (0.2 )     (3,931 )     (0.2 )
Total loans
  $ 2,300,465       100.0 %   $ 2,282,728       100.0 %
Loans held for sale
  $ 5,944             $ 4,482          
 
Loan growth for the first quarter 2008 was primarily from commercial business loans, which rose $17.8 million, or 2.3% from year-end 2007, followed by  an increase of $13.7 million primarily in advances under pre-existing relationships in our one-to-four family residential construction portfolio, and finally,  from a $3.5 million increase in consumer loans.  Commercial real estate and commercial construction loans declined by $19.1 million, due to contractual repayments and refinancing activity.
 
Commercial Loans: We are committed to providing competitive commercial lending in our primary market areas. We believe that increases in commercial lending during the three months of 2008 were due to the confidence of business owners in the stability of our local economy.  Management expects to continue to expand its commercial lending products and to emphasize, in particular, relationship banking with businesses, and business owners.
 
Real Estate Loans: These loans are used to collateralize outstanding advances from the FHLB. Generally, our policy is to originate residential loans for sale to third parties. Those residential loans are secured by properties located within our primary market areas, and typically have loan-to-value ratios of 80% or lower. However, the loan amounts may exceed 80% with private mortgage insurance.
 
Generally, commercial and five-or-more family residential real estate loans are made to borrowers who have existing banking relationships with us. Our underwriting standards generally require that the loan-to-value ratio for these loans not exceed 75% of appraised value, cost, or discounted cash flow value, as appropriate, and that commercial properties maintain debt coverage ratios (net operating income divided by annual debt servicing) of 1.2 or better. However, underwriting standards can be influenced by competition and other factors. We endeavor to maintain the highest practical underwriting standards while balancing the need to remain competitive in our lending practices.
 
Real Estate Construction Loans: We originate a variety of real estate construction loans. One-to-four family residential construction loans are originated for the construction of custom homes (where the home buyer is the borrower) and to provide financing to builders for the construction of pre-sold homes and speculative residential construction.
 
Consumer Loans: Consumer loans include automobile loans, boat and recreational vehicle financing, home equity and home improvement loans and miscellaneous personal loans.
 
Foreign Loans: Our banking subsidiaries are not involved with loans to foreign companies or foreign countries.
 
19

Nonperforming Assets
 
Nonperforming assets consist of: (i) nonaccrual loans; (ii) restructured loans, for which concessions, including the reduction of interest rates below a rate otherwise available to that borrower or the deferral of interest or principal, have been granted due to the borrower’s weakened financial condition (interest on restructured loans is accrued at the restructured rates when it is anticipated that no loss of original principal will occur); (iii) other real estate owned; and (iv) other personal property owned. Collectively, nonaccrual and restructured loans are considered nonperforming loans.
 
Nonaccrual loans: The consolidated financial statements are prepared according to the accrual basis of accounting. This includes the recognition of interest income on the loan portfolio, unless a loan is placed on a nonaccrual basis, which occurs when there are serious doubts about the collectibility of principal or interest. Generally our policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest on all loans past due 90 days or more and place them on nonaccrual status.  When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any accrued but unpaid interest on that date is removed from interest income.
 
At March 31, 2008, total nonperforming assets consisted of $187,000 in other personal property owned and nonperforming loans of $14.8 million, compared to other real estate owned of $181,000 and nonperforming loans of $14.5 million at December 31, 2007.   The percent of non-performing assets to period-end assets remained at .46% for March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
 
The following tables set forth, at the dates indicated, information with respect to our nonaccrual loans, restructured loans, total nonperforming loans and total nonperforming assets:
 
(in thousands)
 
March 31,
2008
     December 31, 2007
 
Nonaccrual:
       
Commercial business
  $ 3,778   $ 2,170
Real estate:
             
One-to-four family residential
    384     204
Commercial and five or more family residential
    312     1,112
Total real estate
    696     1,316
Real estate construction:
             
One-to-four family residential
    5,804     6,005
Commercial and five or more family residential
    3,676     3,676
Total real estate construction
    9,480     9,681
Consumer
    414     838
Total nonaccrual loans
    14,368     14,005
Restructured:
             
Commercial business
    468     456
Total nonperforming loans
    14,836     14,461
Other real estate owned
        181
Other personal property owned
    187    
Total nonperforming assets
  $ 15,023   $ 14,642
 
Nonperforming assets are centered in a small number of lending relationships which management considers adequately reserved.  Generally, these relationships are well collateralized though loss of principal on certain of these loans will remain in question until the loans are paid or collateral is liquidated.
 
The majority of non-performing assets are centered in four credits, three of which are real estate construction loans and one of which is commercial business.  The first relationship is a single $4.6 million credit originated in October of 2006 in which Columbia Bank participates with another lender who acts as agent in the transaction.  The borrower is engaged in the business of selling residential lots to builders of the purpose of constructing single family residences.  The borrower’s inability to obtain final plat approval prior to the expiration of agreements for the sale of lots at a predetermined price combined with softening market conditions resulted in new agreements for the sale of lots at prices reduced from the original agreements.  The second relationship is for money we advanced in 2005 for the construction of an income-producing property along the Oregon coast.  The loans total approximately $1.5 million at March 31, 2008 and became past due as the borrower encountered operational challenges including delays, cost overruns and the inability to lease up the building as originally anticipated.  The third relationship is a $2.4 million credit which reflects continued stress in real-estate related lending.  The final relationship is a commercial client which has been negatively impacted by the decline in the for-sale housing market.  This client has now obtained financing from another lender and we are in the process of transitioning this account to the new lender.  We will continue our collection efforts and liquidation of collateral to recover as large a portion of the nonperforming assets as possible.
 
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
 
At March 31, 2008, our allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) was $27.9 million, or 1.21% of total loans (excluding loans held for sale), 188% of nonperforming loans and 186% of nonperforming assets. This compares with an allowance of $26.6 million, or 1.17% of the total loan portfolio (excluding loans held for sale), 184% of nonperforming loans and 182% of nonperforming assets at December 31, 2007.
 
There have been no significant changes during the first quarter of 2008 in estimation methods or assumptions that affected our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the ALLL. Adjustments to the percentages of the allowance allocated to loan categories are made based on trends with respect to delinquencies and problem loans within each pool of loans. The Company maintains a conservative approach to credit quality and will continue to prudently add to its loan and lease loss allowance as necessary in order to maintain adequate reserves, factoring in changes and trends in the local and national economy.  Management carefully monitors and evaluates the loan portfolio and continues to emphasize credit quality and strengthening of its loan monitoring systems and controls.
 
In addition to the ALLL, we maintain an allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit. We report this allowance as a component of other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. We determine this amount using estimates of the probability of the ultimate funding and losses related to those credit exposures. This methodology is similar to the methodology we use for determining the adequacy of our ALLL. At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit was $409,000 and $339,000, respectively.
 

20


The following table provides an analysis of our allowance for loan and lease losses at the dates and the periods indicated:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
(in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Beginning balance
  $ 26,599     $ 20,182  
Charge-offs:
               
Commercial business
    (359 )     (97 )
Residential construction, land and acquisitions
    (107      
Consumer
    (749 )     (56 )
Total charge-offs
    (1,215 )     (153 )
Recoveries:
               
Commercial business
    31       98  
Commercial real estate
    300       9  
Consumer
    123       45  
Total recoveries
    454       152  
Net charge-offs
    (761 )     (1 )
Provision charged to expense
    2,076       638  
Ending balance
  $ 27,914     $ 20,819  
Total loans, net at end of period (1)
  $ 2,300,465     $ 1,833,852  
Allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans
   
1.21
%     1.14 %
 

(1)
Excludes loans held for sale
 
Securities
 
All of our securities are classified as available for sale and carried at fair value. These securities are used by management as part of our asset/liability management strategy and may be sold in response to changes in interest rates or significant prepayment risk. In accordance with our investment strategy, management monitors market conditions with a view to realize gains on its available for sale securities portfolio when prudent. During the quarter, we recorded a gain on sale of investment securities of $882,000.  The gain resulted from the execution of a strategy to extend the weighted average life of approximately $50 million of the investment portfolio.  At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the market value of securities available for sale had an unrealized gain, net of tax, of $3.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The change in market value of securities available for sale is due primarily to fluctuations in interest rates.
 
The following table sets forth our securities portfolio by type for the dates indicated:
 
 
(in thousands)
 
March 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
 
Securities Available for Sale
           
U.S. government-sponsored enterprise
  $ 29,174     $ 61,300  
U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations
    355,815       303,742  
State and municipal securities
    194,482       193,965  
Other securities
    2,558       2,359  
Total
  $ 582,029     $ 561,366  
 
Liquidity and Sources of Funds
 
Our primary sources of funds are customer deposits. Additionally, we utilize advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle (the “FHLB”) and wholesale repurchase agreements to supplement our funding needs. These funds, together with loan repayments, loan sales, retained earnings, equity and other borrowed funds are used to make loans, to acquire securities and other assets, and to fund continuing operations.
 
21

Deposit Activities
 
Our deposit products include a wide variety of transaction accounts, savings accounts and time deposit accounts. Core deposits (demand deposit, savings, and money market accounts) increased $10.6 million since year-end 2007 and certificate of deposit balances increased $17.9 million, or 2%, compared to year-end 2007.
 
We have established a branch system to serve our consumer and business depositors. In addition, management’s strategy for funding asset growth is to make use of brokered and other wholesale deposits on an as-needed basis. At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, brokered and other wholesale deposits (excluding public deposits) totaled $117 million and $72 million, respectively.  The brokered deposits have varied maturities.
 
The following table sets forth the Company’s deposit base by type of product for the dates indicated:
 
 (in thousands)
 
March 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
   
March 31,
2007
 
 Deposit Composition                        
Demand and other non interest bearing
  $ 508,955     $ 468,237     $ 447,052  
Interest bearing demand
    471,980       478,596       430,967  
Money market
    584,834       609,502       530,542  
Savings
    116,486       115,324       110,236  
Certificates of deposit
    844,259       826,402       562,229  
Total deposits
  $ 2,526,514     $ 2,498,061     $ 2,081,026  
 
Borrowings
 
We rely on FHLB advances as another source of both short and long-term borrowings. FHLB advances are secured by one-to-four family real estate mortgages and certain other assets. At March 31, 2008, we had FHLB advances of $256.4 million, compared to advances of $257.7 million at December 31, 2007.
 
We also utilize wholesale repurchase agreements as a supplement to our funding sources. Wholesale repurchase agreements are secured by mortgage-backed securities. At March 31, 2008, we had repurchase agreements of $25.0 million, compared to agreements of $0 million at December 31, 2007. Management anticipates that we will continue to rely on both FHLB advances and wholesale repurchase agreements in the future, and we will use those funds primarily to make loans and purchase securities.
 
During 2001, the Company, through a special purpose trust (“the Trust”) participated in a pooled trust preferred offering, whereby the Trust issued $22.0 million of 30 year floating rate capital securities. The capital securities constitute guaranteed preferred beneficial interests in debentures issued by the Trust. The debentures had an initial rate of 7.29% and a rate of 6.82% at March 31, 2008. The floating rate is based on the 3-month LIBOR plus 3.58% and is adjusted quarterly. Through the Trust, we may call the debentures at any time for a premium and after ten years at par, allowing us to retire the debt early if market conditions are favorable. Through recent acquisition, the Company assumed an additional $3.0 million in floating rate trust preferred obligations; these debentures had a rate of 8.01% at March 31, 2008.   The floating rate is based on the 3-month LIBOR plus 3.75% and is adjusted quarterly.
 
The trust preferred obligations are classified as long-term subordinated debt and our related investment in the Trust is recorded in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The balance of the long-term subordinated debt was $25.5 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The subordinated debt payable to the Trust is on the same interest and payment terms as the trust preferred obligations issued by the Trust.
 
Additionally, we have a $20.0 million line of credit with a large commercial bank with an interest rate indexed to LIBOR. At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 there was $5 million outstanding on the line of credit. In the event of discontinuance of the line by either party, we have up to two years to repay any outstanding balance.
 
Contractual Obligations & Commitments
 
We are party to many contractual financial obligations, including repayment of borrowings, operating and equipment lease payments, commitments to extend credit and investments in affordable housing partnerships. At March 31, 2008, we had commitments to extend credit of $775.4 million compared to $857.6 million at December 31, 2007.
 
Capital Resources
 
Shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2008 was $351.7 million, up 3% from $341.7 million at December 31, 2007. The increase is due primarily to net income of $11 million for the first quarter of 2008. Shareholders’ equity was 10.8% of total period-end assets at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.

22


 
Capital Ratios: Banking regulations require bank holding companies to maintain a minimum “leverage” ratio of core capital to adjusted quarterly average total assets of at least 3%. In addition, banking regulators have adopted risk-based capital guidelines, under which risk percentages are assigned to various categories of assets and off-balance sheet items to calculate a risk-adjusted capital ratio. Tier I capital generally consists of common shareholders’ equity and trust preferred obligations, less goodwill and certain identifiable intangible assets, while Tier II capital includes the allowance for loan losses and subordinated debt, both subject to certain limitations. Regulatory minimum risk-based capital guidelines require Tier I capital of 4% of risk-adjusted assets and total capital (combined Tier I and Tier II) of 8% to be considered “adequately capitalized”.
 
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation regulations set forth the qualifications necessary for a bank to be classified as “well capitalized”, primarily for assignment of FDIC insurance premium rates. To qualify as “well capitalized,” banks must have a Tier I risk-adjusted capital ratio of at least 6%, a total risk-adjusted capital ratio of at least 10%, and a leverage ratio of at least 5%. Failure to qualify as “well capitalized” can negatively impact a bank’s ability to expand and to engage in certain activities.
 
The Company and its subsidiaries qualify as “well-capitalized” at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
 
   
Company
   
Columbia Bank
   
Astoria
   
Requirements
 
   
3/31/2008
   
12/31/2007
   
3/31/2008
   
12/31/2007
   
3/31/2008
   
12/31/2007
   
Adequately
capitalized
   
Well-
capitalized
 
Total risk-based capital ratio
    11.07 %     10.90 %     10.74 %     10.49 %     10.79 %     12.61 %     8 %     10 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
    10.00 %     9.87 %     9.67 %     9.47 %     9.58 %     11.42 %     4 %     6 %
Leverage ratio
    8.59 %     8.54 %     8.33 %     8.23 %     8.31 %     9.50 %     4 %     5 %
 
Stock Repurchase Program
 
In March 2002 the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program whereby the Company may systematically repurchase up to 500,000 of its outstanding shares of Common Stock. The Company may repurchase shares from time to time in the open market or in private transactions, under conditions which allow such repurchases to be accretive to earnings while maintaining capital ratios that exceed the guidelines for a well-capitalized financial institution. As of March 31, 2008 we have repurchased 64,788 shares of common stock in this current stock repurchase program, none of which was repurchased in the periods covered by this report.
 
Item 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
A number of measures are used to monitor and manage interest rate risk, including income simulations and interest sensitivity (gap) analyses. An income simulation model is the primary tool used to assess the direction and magnitude of changes in net interest income resulting from changes in interest rates. Basic assumptions in the model include prepayment speeds on mortgage-related assets, cash flows and maturities of other investment securities, loan and deposit volumes and pricing. These assumptions are inherently subjective and, as a result, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income or precisely predict the impact of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes and changes in market conditions and management strategies, among other factors. At March 31, 2008, based on the measures used to monitor and manage interest rate risk, there has not been a material change in the Company’s interest rate risk since December 31, 2007. For additional information, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation” referenced in the Company’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Item 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) accumulated and communicated to our management (including the CEO and CFO) to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

23


 
Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
 
There was no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

24


 
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
The Company and its banking subsidiaries are parties to routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that, based on the information currently known to them, any liabilities arising from such litigation will not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
Item 1A.
RISK FACTORS
 
Our business exposes us to certain risks. The following is a discussion of what we currently believe are the most significant risks and uncertainties that may affect our business, financial condition and future results.
 
Economic downturns in the market areas we serve or a rapidly increasing interest rate environment could increase the credit risk within the loan portfolio.
 
Lending activities are our largest source of credit risk, which is the risk that a borrower will fail to meet their obligations in accordance with agreed upon terms. We manage the credit risk inherent in our loan portfolio through the establishment of sound underwriting policies and procedures. We maintain an allowance for loan and lease losses as well as an allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit to absorb anticipated future losses. Although we consider our allowance for loan and lease losses and allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit to be adequate at March 31, 2008, a significant downturn in the economy could result in higher delinquencies and defaults which would negatively impact our financial position. A substantial portion of the loans in our portfolio are variable rate. While recently we have been in a decreasing interest rate environment, a rapidly increasing interest rate environment or inability to access credit or other funding could impair our borrower’s ability to service the interest portion of their obligations to us. This could result in decreased net income from increased provisions to the allowance for loan and lease losses as well as decreased interest income resulting from an increase in nonaccrual loans.
 
A rapid change in interest rates could negatively impact net interest income.
 
We are exposed to interest rate risk, which is the risk that changes in prevailing interest rates will adversely affect assets, liabilities, capital, income and expenses at different times or in different amounts. We utilize a number of measures to monitor and manage interest rate risk, such as income simulations and interest sensitivity (gap) analyses. A number of factors that impact interest rates are beyond our control such as general economic conditions as well as governmental and regulatory policies.  We cannot assure you that we can minimize interest rate risk.  The impact of rate changes to our net interest income is determined by the amount of change and the time horizon over which change occurs.
 
Competition.
 
We face significant competition from other financial institutions for loans and deposits. We believe the most significant competitive factor is customer service, in addition to interest rates offered on loans and paid on deposits, fee structures, branch locations, and the range of banking services and products offered. Failure to maintain our service culture could increase the susceptibility of our customer base to our competitors marketing campaigns and thwart our efforts to expand our existing customer base.
 
Failure to hire or retain management and staff could impede our ability to maintain or grow earnings.
 
Maintaining our current customer base is reliant upon the retention of key management and personnel across all our business lines. We rely on these talented professionals to manage lines of business which are critical in the generation of operating revenue. In addition, the failure to attract new employees critical to the execution of our expansion plan could result in diminished returns on our investment in these initiatives.
 
The tightening of available liquidity could limit our ability to meet loan demand, which could adversely affect our earnings.
 
A tightening of the credit market and the inability to obtain adequate money to fund continued loan growth may negatively affect asset growth and, therefore, earnings capability.  In addition to any deposit growth, maturity of investment securities and loan payments, we rely on certain wholesale funding sources to fund loans.  In the event of a downturn in the economy, these additional funding sources could be negatively affected which could limit the funds available to us.

25


 
Concentration in real estate loans.
 
We have a high concentration of loans secured by real estate and a downturn in the real estate market, for any reason, could hurt our business and our prospects.  Our business activities and credit exposure are concentrated in loans secured by real estate.  A decline in the real estate market could hurt our business because the collateral securing those loans would decrease in value.  A downturn in the local economy could have a material adverse effect both on a borrower’s ability to repay these loans, as well as the value of the real property held as collateral.  Our ability to recover on defaulted loans by foreclosing and selling the real estate collateral would then be diminished and we would be more likely to suffer losses on defaulted loans.
 
Allowance for loan and lease losses may not be adequate to cover actual loan losses, which could adversely affect earnings.
 
We maintain an allowance for loan and lease losses in an amount that is believed adequate to provide for losses inherent in the portfolio.  The size of the ALLL is determined through quarterly assessments of the probable estimated losses in the loan portfolio.  The ALLL is increased by provisions for loan and lease losses charged to expense, and is reduced by loans charged off, net of recoveries.  We believe the best information available is used by us to determine the ALLL. However, unforeseen market conditions could result in adjustments to the ALLL, affecting net income, if circumstances differ from the assumptions used in determining the ALLL.  For additional discussion see “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses” in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this report.
 
Item 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
None.
 
Item 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None.
 
Item 4.
SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
None.
 
Item 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
 
On March 1, 2008, Columbia entered into a Supplemental Compensation Agreement (“Unit Plan”) with Kent L. Roberts, Executive Vice President and Director of Human Resources.  The Unit Plan provides that Mr. Roberts will begin receiving a monthly payment beginning the first month following the fifth anniversary of the Unit Plan, based on an annual aggregate payment of $25,000 per year for five years.  In the event Mr. Roberts’ employment is terminated by the Company without cause, or he is terminated due to disability, Mr. Roberts will be entitled to receive a payment based on the prorated portion of his term of employment, payable in monthly payments following the tenth anniversary of the plan.  If Mr. Roberts leaves the employment of Columbia prior to expiration during the five-year period, the entire amount is forfeited.  Once receiving the benefit, there is a non-competition clause against the participant gaining employment with a competing organization.
 

26



Item 6.
 
   
10
Form of Supplemental Compensation Agreement between the Bank and Mr. Kent L. Roberts
   
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
32   
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 

27



SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
         
   
COLUMBIA BANKING SYSTEM, INC.
       
Date: May 9, 2008
 
By
/s/    MELANIE J. DRESSEL        
       
Melanie J. Dressel
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
       
Date: May 9, 2008
 
By
/s/    GARY R. SCHMINKEY        
       
Gary R. Schminkey
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
       
Date: May 9, 2008
 
By
/s/    CLINT E. STEIN        
       
Clint E. Stein
Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 

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