Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number: 0-26906
ASTA FUNDING, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware   22-3388607
(State or other jurisdiction   (IRS Employer
of incorporation or organization)   Identification No.)
     
210 Sylvan Ave., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey   07632
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number: (201) 567-5648
Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report: N/A
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.) Yes o No o
The registrant is not yet subject to this requirement.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer as in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
             
Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer þ   Non-accelerated filer filer o Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   Smaller reporting company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act) Yes o No þ
As of May 4, 2009, the registrant had 14,271,824 common shares outstanding.
 
 

 

 


 

ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q
         
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    4  
 
       
    5  
 
       
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    7  
 
       
    26  
 
       
    37  
 
       
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    38  
 
       
    38  
 
       
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    38  
 
       
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    38  
 
       
    39  
 
       
    40  
 
       
 Exhibit 31.1
 Exhibit 31.2
 Exhibit 32.1
 Exhibit 32.2

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
                 
    March 31,     September 30,  
    2009     2008  
    (Unaudited)          
ASSETS
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 2,635,000     $ 3,623,000  
Restricted cash
    2,736,000       3,047,000  
Consumer receivables acquired for liquidation (at net realizable value)
    368,223,000       449,012,000  
Due from third party collection agencies and attorneys
    3,723,000       5,070,000  
Income taxes receivable
    954,000        
Investment in venture
    187,000       555,000  
Furniture and equipment, net
    596,000       762,000  
Deferred income taxes
    23,917,000       15,567,000  
Other assets
    3,265,000       3,500,000  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 406,236,000     $ 481,136,000  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Liabilities
               
Debt
  $ 160,084,000     $ 213,485,000  
Subordinated debt — related party
    8,246,000       8,246,000  
Other liabilities
    2,931,000       4,618,000  
Dividends payable
    285,000       571,000  
Income taxes payable
    393,000       6,315,000  
 
           
Total liabilities
    171,939,000       233,235,000  
 
           
Commitments and contingencies
               
Stockholders’ Equity
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized 5,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding — none
               
Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding — 14,271,824 at March 31, 2009 and 14,276,158 at September 30, 2008
    143,000       143,000  
Additional paid-in capital
    69,853,000       69,130,000  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (1,048,000 )     (297,000 )
Retained earnings
    165,349,000       178,925,000  
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    234,297,000       247,901,000  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 406,236,000     $ 481,136,000  
 
           
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
                                 
    Three Months     Three Months     Six Months     Six Months  
    Ended     Ended     Ended     Ended  
    March 31, 2009     March 31, 2008     March 31, 2009     March 31, 2008  
Revenues:
                               
Finance income, net
  $ 18,104,000     $ 33,878,000     $ 36,520,000     $ 68,013,000  
Other income
    22,000       4,000       54,000       144,000  
 
                       
 
                               
 
    18,126,000       33,882,000       36,574,000       68,157,000  
 
                               
Expenses:
                               
General and administrative
    6,345,000       7,124,000       13,372,000       12,929,000  
Interest (fiscal year 2009 — Related party — Period ended March 31, 2009 — Three months, $128,000; Six months, $256,000)
    1,954,000       4,711,000       5,124,000       10,652,000  
Impairments
    18,429,000       35,000,000       39,844,000       35,000,000  
 
                       
 
    26,728,000       46,835,000       58,340,000       58,581,000  
 
                               
(Loss) income before equity in loss of venture and income tax
    (8,602,000 )     (12,953,000 )     (21,766,000 )     9,576,000  
 
                               
Equity in loss of venture
    (72,000 )     (1,000 )     (55,000 )     (78,000 )
 
                       
 
                               
(Loss) income before income tax (benefit)
    (8,674,000 )     (12,954,000 )     (21,821,000 )     9,498,000  
 
                               
Income tax (benefit) expense
    (3,506,000 )     (5,247,000 )     (8,816,000 )     3,891,000  
 
                       
Net (loss) Income
  $ (5,168,000 )   $ (7,707,000 )   $ (13,005,000 )   $ 5,607,000  
 
                       
 
                               
Net (loss) income per share:
                               
 
                               
Basic
  $ (0.36 )   $ (0.54 )   $ (0.91 )   $ 0.40  
Diluted
  $ (0.36 )   $ (0.54 )   $ (0.91 )   $ 0.38  
 
                               
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
                               
Basic
    14,271,824       14,201,674       14,271,824       14,059,142  
Diluted
    14,271,824       14,201,674       14,271,824       14,742,549  
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
                                                 
                                    Accumulated        
                    Additional             Other        
                    Paid-in     Retained     Comprehensive        
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Earnings     Income     Total  
 
                                               
Balance, September 30, 2008
    14,276,158     $ 143,000     $ 69,130,000     $ 178,925,000     $ (297,000 )   $ 247,901,000  
 
                                               
Stock based compensation expense
                649,000                   649,000  
 
                                               
Restricted shares forfeited
    (4,334 )                              
 
                                               
Tax benefit arising from exercise of non- qualified stock options
                74,000                   74,000  
 
                                               
Dividends
                      (571,000 )           (571,000 )
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
                                    (751,000 )     (751,000 )
Net loss
                        (13,005,000 )             (13,005,000 )
 
                                   
 
                                               
Balance, March 31, 2009
    14,271,824     $ 143,000     $ 69,853,000     $ 165,349,000     $ (1,048,000 )   $ 234,297,000  
 
                                   
Comprehensive income is as follows:
                 
    Six Months     Six Months  
    Ended     Ended  
    March 31, 2009     March 31, 2008  
 
               
Net (loss) income
  $ (13,005,000 )   $ 5,607,000  
Other comprehensive loss, Net of tax — Foreign Currency translation
    (751,000 )      
 
           
Comprehensive (loss) income
  $ (13,756,000 )   $ 5,607,000  
 
           
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
                 
    Six Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
    March 31, 2009     March 31, 2008  
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net (loss) income
  $ (13,005,000 )   $ 5,607,000  
 
               
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    803,000       549,000  
Deferred income taxes
    (8,350,000 )     (10,116,000 )
Impairments of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    39,844,000       35,000,000  
Stock based compensation
    649,000       450,000  
 
               
Changes in:
               
Due from third party collection agencies and attorneys
    1,347,000       (302,000 )
Income taxes receivable and income taxes payable
    (6,876,000 )     3,236,000  
Other assets
    (369,000 )     (361,000 )
Other liabilities
    (2,473,000 )     (3,978,000 )
 
           
Net cash provided by operating activities
    11,570,000       30,085,000  
 
               
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Purchase of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (2,688,000 )     (41,307,000 )
Principal collected on receivables acquired for liquidation
    37,587,000       32,199,000  
Principal collected on receivable accounts represented by account sales
    4,856,000       7,475,000  
Foreign exchange effect on receivables acquired for liquidation
    1,185,000        
Cash distributions received from venture
    368,000       878,000  
Capital expenditures
    (34,000 )     (155,000 )
 
           
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    41,274,000       (910,000 )
 
               
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Proceeds from exercise of options
          425,000  
Tax benefit arising from non-qualified options
    74,000       2,541,000  
Change in restricted cash
    311,000       646,000  
Dividends paid
    (856,000 )     (1,114,000 )
Repayments of debt, net
    (53,423,000 )     (32,609,000 )
 
           
Net cash used in financing activities
    (53,894,000 )     (30,111,000 )
 
           
Decrease in cash
    (1,050,000 )     (936,000 )
Effect of foreign exchange on cash
    62,000        
Cash at the beginning of period
    3,623,000       4,525,000  
 
           
Cash at end of period
  $ 2,635,000     $ 3,589,000  
 
           
 
               
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
               
 
               
Cash paid during the period
               
Interest (fiscal year 2009 Related party — $256,000)
  $ 5,601,000     $ 10,836,000  
Income taxes
  $ 5,814,000     $ 8,198,000  
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1: Business and Basis of Presentation
Business
Asta Funding, Inc., together with its wholly owned significant operating subsidiaries Palisades Collection LLC, Palisades Acquisition XVI, LLC (“Palisades XVI”), VATIV Recovery Solutions LLC (“VATIV”) and other subsidiaries, not all wholly owned, and not considered material (the “Company”) is engaged in the business of purchasing, and managing for its own account, distressed consumer receivables, including charged-off receivables, semi-performing receivables and performing receivables. The primary charged-off receivables are accounts that have been written-off by the originators and may have been previously serviced by collection agencies. Semi-performing receivables are accounts where the debtor is currently making partial or irregular monthly payments, but the accounts may have been written-off by the originators. Performing receivables are accounts where the debtor is making regular monthly payments that may or may not have been delinquent in the past. Distressed consumer receivables are the unpaid debts of individuals to banks, finance companies and other credit providers. A large portion of the Company’s distressed consumer receivables are MasterCard(R), Visa(R), other credit card accounts, telecommunication accounts and auto deficiency receivables, which were charged-off by the issuers for non-payment. The Company acquires these portfolios at substantial discounts from their face values. The discounts are based on the characteristics (issuer, account size, debtor location and age of debt) of the underlying accounts of each portfolio.
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2009, the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six and three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, the condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity as of March 31, 2009 and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, are unaudited. The September 30, 2008 financial information included in this report has been extracted from our audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and Form 10-K/A. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly our financial position at March 31, 2009 and September 30, 2008, the results of operations for the six and three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 and cash flows for the six month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 have been made. The results of operations for the six and three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for any other interim period or the full fiscal year.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and therefore do not include all information and note disclosures required under generally accepted accounting principles. The Company suggests that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates including management’s estimates of future cash flows and the resulting rates of return.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
Note 1: Business and Basis of Presentation (continued)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2009 the FASB issued FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” (“FSP 107-1”). FSP 107-1 expands disclosures for fair value of financial instruments that are within the scope of FASB statement number 107 (“SFAS 107”) and now requires the FAS 107 fair value disclosures in interim period reports. The FSP is effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009.
In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110 (“SAB 110”). This staff accounting bulletin (“SAB”) expresses the views of the staff regarding the use of a “simplified” method, as discussed in SAB No. 107 (“SAB 107”), in developing an estimate of expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment . In particular, the staff indicated in SAB 107 that it will accept a company’s election to use the simplified method, regardless of whether the company has sufficient information to make more refined estimates of expected term. At the time SAB 107 was issued, the staff believed that more detailed external information about employee exercise behavior (e.g., employee exercise patterns by industry and/or other categories of companies) would, over time, become readily available to companies. Therefore, the staff stated in SAB 107 that it would not expect a company to use the simplified method for share option grants after December 31, 2007. The staff understands that such detailed information about employee exercise behavior might not have been widely available by December 31, 2007. Accordingly, the staff will continue to accept, under certain circumstances, the use of the simplified method beyond December 31, 2007. This SAB does not have a material impact on the Company.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS No. 159”). The objective of SFAS No. 159 is to provide companies with the option to recognize most financial assets and liabilities and certain other items at fair value. Statement 159 will allow companies the opportunity to mitigate earnings volatility caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected should be reported in earnings. The fair value option election is applied on an instrument by instrument basis (with some exceptions), is irrevocable, and is applied to an entire instrument. The election may be made as of the date of initial adoption for existing eligible items. Subsequent to initial adoption, the Company may elect the fair value option at initial recognition of eligible items or on entering into an eligible firm commitment. The Company can only elect the fair value option after initial recognition in limited circumstances.
SFAS No. 159 requires similar assets and liabilities for which the Company has elected the fair value option to be displayed on the face of the balance sheet either (a) together with financial instruments measured using other measurement attributes with parenthetical disclosure of the amount measured at fair value or (b) in separate line items. In addition, SFAS No. 159 requires additional disclosures to allow financial statement users to compare similar assets and liabilities measured differently either within the financial statements of the Company or between financial statements of different companies.
SFAS No. 159 was required to be adopted by the Company on October 1, 2008. Early adoption was permitted; however, the Company did not adopt SFAS No. 159 prior to the required adoption date of October 1, 2008. The Company is required to adopt SFAS No. 159 concurrent with SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” The remeasurement to fair-value will be reported as a cumulative-effect adjustment in the opening balance of retained earnings. Additionally, any changes in fair value due to the concurrent adoption of SFAS No. 157 will be included in the cumulative-effect adjustment if the fair value option is also elected for that item.
The Company opted to not apply the fair value option to any of its financial assets or liabilities. If the Company elects to recognize items at fair value as a result of Statement 159, this could result in increased earnings volatility.
In September 2006 the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. Effective October 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157. The Statement defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not impact the Company’s financial reporting or disclosure requirements.
Reclassifications
Certain items in the prior year’s financial statements have been reclassified to conform to current the period’s presentation.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 2: Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries. The Company’s investment in a venture, representing a 25% interest, is accounted for using the equity method. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Note 3: Consumer Receivables Acquired for Liquidation
The Company accounts for its investments in consumer receivable portfolios, using either:
    the interest method; or
 
    the cost recovery method.
Accounts acquired for liquidation are stated at their net estimated realizable value and consist primarily of defaulted consumer loans to individuals throughout the country and in Central and South America.
The Company accounts for its investment in finance receivables using the interest method under the guidance of AICPA Statement of Position 03-3, “Accounting for Loans or Certain Securities Acquired in a Transfer” (“SOP 03-3”). Practice Bulletin 6, “Amortization of Discounts on Certain Acquired Loans.” (“Practice Bulletin 6”) was amended by SOP 03-3. Under the guidance of SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6), static pools of accounts are established. These pools are aggregated based on certain common risk criteria. Each static pool is recorded at cost and is accounted for as a single unit for the recognition of income, principal payments and loss provision.
Once a static pool is established for a quarter, individual receivable accounts are not added to the pool (unless replaced by the seller) or removed from the pool (unless sold or returned to the seller). SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6) requires that the excess of the contractual cash flows over expected cash flows not be recognized as an adjustment of revenue or expense or on the balance sheet. SOP 03-3 initially freezes the internal rate of return, referred to as IRR, estimated when the accounts receivable are purchased, as the basis for subsequent impairment testing. Significant increases in actual or expected future cash flows may be recognized prospectively through an upward adjustment of the IRR over a portfolio’s remaining life. Any increase to the IRR then becomes the new benchmark for impairment testing. Rather than lowering the estimated IRR if the collection estimates are not received or projected to be received, the carrying value of a pool would be impaired, or written down to maintain the then current IRR. Under the interest method, income is recognized on the effective yield method based on the actual cash collected during a period and future estimated cash flows and timing of such collections and the portfolio’s cost. Revenue arising from collections in excess of anticipated amounts attributable to timing differences is deferred until such time as a review results in a change in the expected cash flows. The estimated future cash flows are reevaluated quarterly.
The Company uses the cost recovery method when collections on a particular pool of accounts cannot be reasonably predicted. Under the cost recovery method, no income is recognized until the cost of the portfolio has been fully recovered. A pool can become fully amortized (zero carrying balance on the balance sheet) while still generating cash collections. In this case, all cash collections are recognized as revenue when received.
The Company’s extensive liquidating experience is in the field of distressed credit card receivables, telecommunication receivables, consumer loan receivables, retail installment contracts, consumer receivables, and auto deficiency receivables. The Company uses the interest method for accounting for asset acquisitions within these classes of receivables when it believes it can reasonably estimate the timing of the cash flows. In those situations where the Company diversifies its acquisitions into other asset classes where the Company does not possess the same expertise or history, or the Company cannot reasonably estimate the timing of the cash flows, the Company utilizes the cost recovery method of accounting for those portfolios of receivables. At March 31, 2009, approximately $137.5 million of the consumer receivables acquired for liquidation are accounted for using the interest method, while approximately $230.7 million are accounted for using the cost recovery method.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
After SOP 03-3 was adopted, the Company aggregates portfolios of receivables acquired sharing specific common characteristics which were acquired within a given quarter. The Company currently considers for aggregation portfolios of accounts, purchased within the same fiscal quarter, that generally meet the following characteristics:
    same issuer/originator;
 
    same underlying credit quality;
 
    similar geographic distribution of the accounts;
 
    similar age of the receivable; and
 
    same type of asset class (credit cards, telecommunication, etc.)
The Company uses a variety of qualitative and quantitative factors to estimate collections and the timing thereof. This analysis includes the following variables:
    the number of collection agencies previously attempting to collect the receivables in the portfolio;
 
    the average balance of the receivables, as higher balances might be more difficult to collect while low balances might not be cost effective to collect;
 
    the age of the receivables, as older receivables might be more difficult to collect or might be less cost effective. On the other hand, the passage of time, in certain circumstances, might result in higher collections due to changing life events of some individual debtors;
 
    past history of performance of similar assets;
 
    time since charge-off;
 
    payments made since charge-off;
 
    the credit originator and its credit guidelines;
 
    our ability to analyze accounts and resell accounts that meet our criteria for resale;
 
    the locations of the debtors, as there are better states to attempt to collect in and ultimately the Company has better predictability of the liquidations and the expected cash flows. Conversely, there are also states where the liquidation rates are not as favorable and that is factored into our cash flow analysis;
 
    jobs or property of the debtors found within portfolios. In our business model, this is of particular importance. Debtors with jobs or property are more likely to repay their obligation and conversely, debtors without jobs or property are less likely to repay their obligation; and
 
    the ability to obtain timely customer statements from the original issuer.
The Company obtains and utilizes, as appropriate, input, including but not limited to monthly collection projections and liquidation rates, from our third party collection agencies and attorneys, as further evidentiary matter, to assist in evaluating and developing collection strategies and in evaluating and modeling the expected cash flows for a given portfolio.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
The following tables summarize the changes in the balance sheet of the investment in receivable portfolios during the following periods.
                         
    For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2009  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 203,470,000     $ 245,542,000     $ 449,012,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    2,681,000       7,000       2,688,000  
Net cash collections from collection of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (51,463,000 )     (20,853,000 )     (72,316,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (3,075,000 )     (3,572,000 )     (6,647,000 )
Transfer to cost recovery
    (10,128,000 )     10,128,000        
Impairments
    (39,844,000 )           (39,844,000 )
Effect of foreign currency translation
          (1,190,000 )     (1,190,000 )
Finance income recognized (1)
    35,856,000       664,000       36,520,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 137,497,000     $ 230,726,000     $ 368,223,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    65.7 %     2.7 %     46.2 %
     
(1)   Includes $20.6 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.
                         
    For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2008  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 508,515,000     $ 37,108,000     $ 545,623,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    20,155,000       21,152,000       41,307,000  
Net cash collections from collection of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation (1)
    (87,703,000 )     (7,330,000 )     (95,033,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (12,654,000 )           (12,654,000 )
Impairments
    (35,000,000 )           (35,000,000 )
Finance income recognized (2)
    67,310,000       703,000       68,013,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 460,623,000     $ 51,633,000     $ 512,256,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    67.1 %     9.6 %     63.2 %
     
(1)   Includes the put back of a portfolio purchased and returned to the seller in the amount of $2.8 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2008.
 
(2)   Includes $23.9 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
                         
    For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 166,432,000     $ 237,376,000     $ 403,808,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    1,603,000       7,000       1,610,000  
Net cash collections from collections of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (25,090,000 )     (10,971,000 )     (36,061,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (727,000 )     (147,000 )     (874,000 )
Transfer to cost recovery
    (3,979,000 )     3,979,000        
Impairments
    (18,429,000 )           (18,429,000 )
Effect of foreign currency translation
          65,000       65,000  
Finance income recognized (1)
    17,687,000       417,000       18,104,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 137,497,000     $ 230,726,000     $ 368,223,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    68.5 %     3.8 %     49.0 %
     
(1)   Includes approximately $10.5 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.
                         
    For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 509,580,000     $ 49,794,000     $ 559,374,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    239,000       3,559,000       3,798,000  
Net cash collections from collections of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (42,807,000 )     (2,124,000 )     (44,931,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (4,863,000 )           (4,863,000 )
Impairments
    (35,000,000 )           (35,000,000 )
Finance income recognized (1)
    33,474,000       404,000       33,878,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 460,623,000     $ 51,633,000     $ 512,256,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    70.2 %     19.0 %     68.0 %
     
(1)   Includes $12.2 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 3: Consumer Receivables Acquired for Liquidation — (continued)
As of March 31, 2009, the Company had $368,223,000 in Consumer Receivables acquired for Liquidation, of which $137,497,000 are being accounted for on the accrual basis. Based upon current projections, net cash collections, applied to principal for accrual basis portfolios will be as follows for the twelve months in the periods ending:
         
September 30, 2009 (six months ending)
  $ 23,969,000  
September 30, 2010
    55,441,000  
September 30, 2011
    30,869,000  
September 30, 2012
    19,710,000  
September 30, 2013
    9,008,000  
September 30, 2014
    636,000  
September 30, 2015
    148,000  
 
     
Total
    139,781,000  
 
       
Deferred revenue
    (2,284,000 )
 
     
 
       
Total
  $ 137,497,000  
 
     
Accretable yield represents the amount of income the Company can expect to generate over the remaining life of its existing portfolios based on estimated future net cash flows as of March 31, 2009. The Company adjusts the accretable yield upward when it believes, based on available evidence, that portfolio collections will exceed amounts previously estimated. Changes in accretable yield for the six months and three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:
                 
    Six Months     Six Months  
    Ended     Ended  
    March 31, 2009     March 31, 2008  
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 58,134,000     $ 176,615,000  
 
               
Income recognized on finance receivables, net
    (35,856,000 )     (47,049,000 )
Additions representing expected revenue from purchases
    902,000       7,322,000  
Transfers to cost recovery
    (3,372,000 )      
Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference
    28,263,000       52,546,000  
 
           
Balance at end of period
  $ 48,071,000     $ 189,434,000  
 
           

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 3: Consumer Receivables Acquired for Liquidation — (continued)
                 
    Three Months     Three Months  
    Ended     Ended  
    March 31, 2009     March 31, 2008  
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 53,952,000     $ 172,690,000  
 
               
Income recognized on finance receivables, net
    (17,687,000 )     (23,098,000 )
Additions representing expected revenue from purchases
    493,000       115,000  
Transfers to cost recovery
    (895,000 )      
Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference
    12,208,000       39,727,000  
 
           
 
               
Balance at end of period
  $ 48,071,000     $ 189,434,000  
 
           
As of March 31, 2008, the accretable yield balance of $189.4 million at the end of the period included expected income of $107.7 million on the $6.9 billion face value portfolio purchased at a price of $300 million in March 2007 (“the Portfolio Purchase”) and $5.6 million on three other portfolios transferred to cost recovery during the first six months of fiscal year 2009. For comparative purposes, the accretable yield excluding the Portfolio Purchase and three other portfolios was $76.1 million.
During the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, one portfolio was transferred from the interest method to the cost recovery method. Based on the nature of this portfolio and the recent cash flows, our estimates of the timing of expected cash flows became uncertain. Finance income was less than 1% of revenue for each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, on this portfolio. As a result of the transfer to the cost recovery method, we will not recognize finance income on this portfolio until their carrying values are recovered. At March 2009, the carrying value of this portfolio was $4.0 million. An impairment of approximately $1.5 million was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009 on this portfolio.
During the three and six month periods ended March 31, 2009, the Company purchased $44.0 million and $91.5 million, respectively, of face value of charged-off consumer receivables at a cost of $1.6 million and $2.7 million, respectively. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, most of the portfolios purchased were classified under the interest method. During the six month period ended March 31, 2008, the Company purchased $1.3 billion of face value of charged-off consumer receivables at a cost of $41.3 million, including $8.6 million invested in a portfolio domiciled in South America.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 3: Consumer Receivables Acquired for Liquidation — (continued)
The following table summarizes collections on a gross basis as received by our third-party collection agencies and attorneys, less commissions and direct costs for the six and three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
                 
    For the Six Months Ended March 31,  
    2009     2008  
Gross collections (1)
  $ 123,225,000     $ 176,688,000  
 
               
Commissions and fees (2)
    44,262,000       69,001,000  
 
           
 
               
Net collections
  $ 78,963,000     $ 107,687,000  
 
           
                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,  
    2009     2008  
Gross collections (1)
  $ 57,402,000     $ 87,432,000  
 
               
Commissions and fees (2)
    20,467,000       37,638,000  
 
           
 
               
Net collections
  $ 36,935,000     $ 49,794,000  
 
           
     
(1)   Gross collections include: collections by third-party collection agencies and attorneys, collections from our internal efforts and collections represented by account sales. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2008, the Company returned a portfolio to the seller in the amount of $2.8 million, which is included in the three- and six-month periods ended March 31, 2008.
 
(2)   Commissions and fees are the contractual commission earned by third party collection agencies and attorneys, and direct costs associated with the collection effort, generally court costs. Includes a 3% fee charged by a servicer on substantially all gross collections received by the Company in connection with the Portfolio Purchase.
Note 4: Acquisition
In October 2007, through a newly formed subsidiary, the Company acquired a portfolio of consumer receivables domiciled in South America. The investment in the subsidiary company, substantially all of which was applied to the cost of the portfolio, was approximately $8.6 million in cash.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 5: Furniture and Equipment
Furniture and equipment consist of the following as of the dates indicated:
                 
    March 31,     September 30,  
    2009     2008  
Furniture
  $ 310,000     $ 310,000  
Leasehold improvements
    86,000       105,000  
Equipment
    2,747,000       2,714,000  
 
           
 
    3,143,000       3,129,000  
Less accumulated depreciation
    2,547,000       2,367,000  
 
           
Balance, end of period
  $ 596,000     $ 762,000  
 
           
Note 6: Debt and Subordinated Debt — Related Party
On July 11, 2006, the Company entered into the Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement with a consortium of banks (“the Bank Group”). This amendment and all future amendments are referred to as the (“Credit Facility”). As a result, the Credit Facility increased to $175 million, from $125 million with an expandable feature which enables the Company to increase the line to $225 million with the consent of the Bank Group. The loan commitment as of March 31, 2009 was $85.0 million. See further description below under the February 20, 2009 Seventh Amendment to the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility bears interest at the lesser of LIBOR plus an applicable margin, or the prime rate minus an applicable margin based on certain leverage ratios. The Credit Facility is collateralized by all portfolios of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation, other than the Portfolio Purchase, discussed below, and contains customary financial and other covenants (relative to tangible net worth, interest coverage, and leverage ratio, as defined) that must be maintained in order to borrow funds. The term of the Credit Facility is three years and is to mature July 11, 2009. The applicable rate at March 31, 2009 and 2008 was 5.00% and 5.25%, respectively. The average interest rate excluding unused credit line fees for the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, was 4.11% and 6.89%. The outstanding balance on the Credit Facility was approximately $44.8 million on March 31, 2009 and $145.6 million on March 31, 2008. The Company and the Bank Group are in discussions to renew the current Credit Facility. If, however, a renewal cannot be ultimately agreed to, the Company, at maturity, will consider the sale of assets collateralized by this loan agreement, to satisfy its obligations at July 11, 2009.
On February 20, 2009, the Company entered into the Seventh Amendment to the Credit Facility in order to, among other items, reduce the level of the loan commitment, redefine certain financial covenant ratios, revise the requirement for an unqualified opinion on annual audited financial statements, and permit certain encumbrances relating to restructuring of the Bank of Montreal (“BMO”) Facility. Pursuant to the Seventh Amendment, the loan commitment has been revised down from $175.0 million to the following schedule: (1) $90.0 million until March 30, 2009, (2) $85.0 million from March 31, 2009 through June 29, 2009, and (3) $80.0 million from June 30, 2009 and thereafter. Beginning with the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008 (and for each period included in calculating fixed charge coverage ratio for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008) and continuing thereafter for each reporting period thereafter (and for each period included in calculating fixed charge coverage ratio for such reporting period), EBITDA and fixed charges attributable to Palisades XVI as further described below are to be excluded from the computation of the fixed charge coverage ratio for Asta Funding and its Subsidiaries. In addition, the fixed charge coverage ratio has been revised to exclude impairment expense of portfolios of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation and increase the ratio from a minimum of 1.50 to 1.0 to a minimum of 1.75 to 1.0. The permitted encumbrances under the Credit Facility were revised to include certain encumbrances incurred by the Company in connection with certain guarantees and liens provided to BMO Facility and Asta Group (“the Family Entity”). Further, individual portfolio purchases in excess of $7.5 million will now require the consent of the agent and portfolio purchases in excess of $15.0 million in the aggregate during any 120 day period will require the consent of the Bank Group. Asta Funding under that certain Undertaking Agreement dated as of March 2, 2007 made by Asta Funding for the benefit of BMO as collateral agent for the benefit of the secured parties under that certain Receivables Financing Agreement dated as of March 2, 2007 by and among Palisades Acquisition XVI, LLC, as borrower, Palisades Collection, L.L.C., as servicer, Fairway Finance Company, LLC, as lender, BMO, as administrator and collateral agent, and Bank of Montreal, as liquidity agent (the “Receivables Financing Agreement”), or Palisades occurs under the Receivables Financing Agreement or any agreement, document or instrument related thereto to which Palisades is a party, in either event that is not cured within any applicable grace period therefore, and such default or breach involves damages in excess of $2,000,000 in the aggregate.
In March 2007, Palisades XVI borrowed approximately $227 million under the Receivables Financing Agreement (“Receivables Financing Agreement”), as amended in July 2007, December 2007, May 2008 and February 2009 with BMO, in order to finance the Portfolio Purchase. The Portfolio Purchase had a purchase price of $300 million (plus 20% of net payments after Palisades XVI recovers 150% of its purchase price plus cost of funds). Prior to the modification, discussed below, the debt was full recourse only to Palisades XVI and bore an interest rate of approximately 170 basis points over LIBOR. The original term of the agreement was three years. This term was extended by each of the Second, Third and Fourth Amendments to the Receivables Financing Agreement as discussed below. Proceeds received as a result of the net collections from the Portfolio Purchase are applied to interest and principal of the underlying loan. The Portfolio Purchase is serviced by Palisades Collection LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, which has engaged unaffiliated subservicers for a majority of the Portfolio Purchase.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 6: Debt and Subordinated Debt — Related Party (continued)
On March 31, 2009 and 2008, the outstanding balance on this loan was approximately $115.3 million, and $148.3 million, respectively.
At September 30, 2007, Palisades XVI was required to remit an additional $13.1 million to its lender in order to be in compliance under the Receivables Financing Agreement. The Company facilitated the ability of Palisades XVI to make this payment by borrowing $13.1 million under the Credit Facility and causing another of its subsidiaries to purchase a portion of the Portfolio Purchase from Palisades XVI at a price of $13.1 million prior to the measurement date under the Receivables Financing Agreement.
On December 27, 2007, Palisades XVI entered into the Second Amendment to its Receivables Financing Agreement. As the actual collections had been slower than the minimum collections scheduled under the original agreement, coupled with contemplated sales of accounts which had not occurred, BMO and Palisades XVI agreed to an extended amortization schedule which did not contemplate the sales of accounts. The effect of this reduction was to extend the payments of the loan from approximately 25 months to approximately 31 months from the amendment date. BMO charged Palisades XVI a fee of $475,000 which was paid on January 10, 2008. The fee was capitalized and is being amortized over the remaining life of the Receivables Financing Agreement.
On May 19, 2008, Palisades XVI entered into the Third Amendment to its Receivables Financing Agreement. As the actual collections on the Portfolio Purchase continued to be slower than the minimum collections scheduled under the Second Amendment, BMO and Palisades XVI agreed to a more extended amortization schedule. The effect of this amendment was to extend the payments of the loan through December 2010. The lender also increased the interest rate from 170 basis points over LIBOR to approximately 320 basis points over LIBOR, subject to automatic reduction in the future if additional capital contributions are made by the parent of Palisades XVI. The applicable rate was 4.08% and 4.93% at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The average interest rate of the Receivable Financing Agreement was 5.65% and 6.27% for the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. In addition, on May 19, 2008, the Company entered into an amended and restated Servicing Agreement. The amendment calls for increased documentation, responsibilities and approvals of subservicers engaged by Palisades Collection LLC.
As a result of the actual collections being lower than the minimum collection rates required under the Receivables Financing Agreement for the months ended November 30, 2008, December 31, 2008 and January 31, 2009, termination events occurred under the terms of the Receivable Financing Agreement. In order to resolve these issues, on February 20, 2009, the Company executed the Fourth Amendment to the Receivables Financing Agreement with BMO. The effect of this Fourth Amendment is, among other things, to (i) lower the collection rate minimum to $1 million per month (plus interest and fees) as an average for each period of three consecutive months, (ii) provide for an automatic extension of the maturity date from April 30, 2011 to April 30, 2012 should the outstanding balance be reduced to $25 million or less by April 30, 2011 and (iii) permanently waive the previous termination events. The interest rate will remain unchanged at approximately 320 basis points over LIBOR, subject to automatic reduction in the future should certain collection milestones be attained.
As additional credit support for repayment by Palisades XVI of its obligations under the Receivables Financing Agreement and as an inducement for BMO to enter into the Fourth Amendment, the Company provided BMO a limited recourse, subordinated guaranty, secured by the assets of the Company, in an amount not to exceed $8 million plus reasonable costs of enforcement and collection. Under the terms of the guaranty, BMO cannot exercise any recourse against the Company until the earlier of (i) five years from the date of the Fourth Amendment and (ii) the termination of the Company’s existing senior lending facility or any successor senior facility.
The aggregate minimum repayment obligations required under the Fourth Amendment to the Receivables Financing Agreement entered into on February 20, 2009 with Palisades XVI including interest and principal for fiscal years ending September 30, 2009 (six months), September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2011 (seven months), are $6.0 million, $12.0 million and $7.0 million, respectively, plus monthly interest and fees. There is an additional requirement that the balance of the facility be reduced to $25 million by April 30, 2011. While the Company believes it will be able to make all payments due under the new payment schedule, there is no assurance we will be able to reduce the balance of the facility to $25 million by April 30, 2011.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 6: Debt and Subordinated Debt — Related Party (continued)
In addition, as further credit support under the Receivables Financing Agreement, the Family Entity provided BMO a limited recourse, subordinated guaranty, secured solely by a collateral assignment of $700,000 of the $8.2 million subordinated note executed by the Company for the benefit of the Family Entity (See further discussion below on the Family Entity loan). The subordinated note was separated into a $700,000 note and a $7.5 million note for such purpose. Under the terms of the guaranty, except upon the occurrence of certain termination events, BMO cannot exercise any recourse against the Family Entity until the occurrence of a termination event under the Receivables Financing Agreement and an undertaking of reasonable efforts to dispose of Palisades XVI’s assets. As an inducement for agreeing to make such collateral assignment, the Family Entity was also granted a subordinated guaranty by the Company (other than Asta Funding, Inc.) for the performance by Asta Funding, Inc. of its obligation to repay the $8.2 million, secured by the assets of the Company (other than Asta Funding, Inc.), and the Company agreed to indemnify the Family Entity to the extent that BMO exercises recourse in connection with the collateral assignment. Without the consent of the agent under the senior lending facility, the Family Entity will not be permitted to act on such guaranty, and cannot receive payment under such indemnity, until the termination of the Company’s senior lending facility or lenders under any successor senior facility.
On April 29, 2008, the Company obtained a subordinated loan pursuant to a subordinated promissory note from the Family Entity. The Family Entity is a greater than 5% shareholder of the Company beneficially owned and controlled by Arthur Stern, a Director of the Company, Gary Stern, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and members of their families. The loan is in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $8.2 million, bears interest at a rate of 6.25% per annum, is payable interest only each quarter until its maturity date of January 9, 2010, subject to prior repayment in full of the Company’s senior loan facility with the Bank Group. The subordinated loan was incurred by the Company to resolve certain issues related to the activities of one of the subservicers utilized by Palisades Collection LLC under the Receivables Financing Agreement. Proceeds from the subordinated loan were used initially to further collateralize the Company’s $175 million revolving loan facility with the Bank Group and was used to reduce the balance due on that facility as of May 31, 2008.
The Company’s average debt obligation (excluding the subordinated debt —related party) for the six and three month periods ended March 31, 2009, was approximately $183.7 million, and $172.0 million, respectively. The average interest rate for the six and three month periods ended March 31, 2009 was 5.11% and 4.12%, respectively.
The Company’s cash requirements have been and will continue to be significant and will depend on external financing to acquire consumer receivables. Portfolio acquisitions are financed primarily through cash flows from operating activities and with the Company’s Credit Facility, which matures on July 11, 2009. With limited purchases of portfolios through the six months ended March 31, 2009, availability under the borrowing base formula is approximately $20.1 million at March 31, 2009. Our borrowing availability is limited to a formula based on the age of the receivables. As the collection environment remains challenging, we may be required to seek additional funding. Although availability has increased, the limited availability coupled with slower collections has had and could continue to have a negative impact on our ability to purchase new portfolios for future growth.
If the Company’s collections deteriorate below our lowest projections, the Company might need to secure another source of funding in order to satisfy its working capital needs, downsize its operations, or secure financing on terms that are not favorable to the Company. However, the Company believes its net cash collections over the next twelve months will be sufficient to cover its operating expenses, continue paying down debt, and pay dividends if declared.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 6: Debt and Subordinated Debt — Related Party (continued)
The Company’s debt and subordinated debt — related party at March 31, 2009 and September 30, 2008 are summarized as follows:
                                 
                    March 31, 2009  
                    Stated     Average  
    March 31,     September 30,     Interest     Interest  
    2009     2008     Rate     Rate (1)  
Credit Facility
  $ 44,778,000     $ 84,934,000       5.00 %     4.11 %
Receivables Financing Agreement
    115,306,000       128,551,000       4.08 %     5.65 %
 
                           
Total debt
  $ 160,084,000     $ 213,485,000       n/a       5.11 %
 
                           
 
                               
Subordinated debt — related party
  $ 8,246,000     $ 8,246,000       6.25 %     6.25 %
 
                           
     
(1)   6-month average
Note 7: Commitments and Contingencies
Employment Agreements
We have employment agreements with two executives. Such agreements provide for base salary payments as well as bonuses. The agreements also contain confidentiality and non-compete provisions. Please refer to Part III of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the caption “Executive Compensation” for additional information.
Leases
The Company is a party to three operating leases with respect to our facilities in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey; Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; and Sugar Land, Texas. Please refer to our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, for additional information. On February 12, 2009, the Company announced the closing of the call center, located in Pennsylvania, by the end of the second fiscal quarter of 2009. Management’s preliminary estimate of the cost related to the closing of the facility is $250,000 including, but not limited to, severance costs for approximately 38 employees. The lease on the facility is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2009. There will be no material impact on the level of collections, as the operations will be shifted to the New Jersey location, or accounts will be outsourced. The cost of this closure was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009.
Litigation
In the ordinary course of its business, the Company is involved in numerous legal proceedings. The Company regularly initiates collection lawsuits, using its network of third party law firms, against consumers. Also, consumers occasionally initiate litigation against the Company, in which they allege that the Company has violated a federal or state law in the process of collecting their account. The Company does not believe that these matters are material to its business and financial condition. The Company is not involved in any material litigation in which it was a defendant.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 8: Income Recognition and Impairments
Income Recognition
The Company accounts for its investment in consumer receivables acquired for liquidation using the interest method under the guidance of AICPA Statement of Position 03-3, “Accounting for Loans or Certain Securities Acquired in a Transfer” (“SOP 03-3”). Practice Bulletin 6 was amended by SOP 03-3. Under the guidance of SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6) static pools of accounts are established. These pools are aggregated based on certain common risk criteria. Each static pool is recorded at cost and is accounted for as a single unit for the recognition of income, principal payments and loss provision.
Once a static pool is established for a quarter, individual receivable accounts are not added to the pool (unless replaced by the seller) or removed from the pool (unless sold or returned to the seller). SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6) requires that the excess of the contractual cash flows over expected cash flows not be recognized as an adjustment of revenue or expense or on the balance sheet. SOP 03-3 initially freezes the internal rate of return (“IRR”), estimated when the accounts receivable are purchased, as the basis for subsequent impairment testing. Significant increases in actual, or expected future cash flows may be recognized prospectively through an upward adjustment of the IRR over a portfolio’s remaining life. Any increase to the IRR then becomes the new benchmark for impairment testing. Under SOP 03-3 and the amended Practice Bulletin 6, rather than lowering the estimated IRR if the collection estimates are not received or projected to be received, the carrying value of a pool would be written down to maintain the then current IRR.
The Company uses the cost recovery method when collections on a particular pool of accounts cannot be reasonably predicted. Under the cost recovery method, no income is recognized until the cost of the portfolio has been fully recovered. A pool can become fully amortized (zero carrying balance on the balance sheet) while still generating cash collections. In this case, all cash collections are recognized as finance income when received.
Impairments
The Company accounts for its impairments in accordance with SOP 03-3. This SOP provides guidance on accounting for differences between contractual and expected cash flows from an investor’s initial investment in loans or debt securities acquired in a transfer if those differences are attributable, at least in part, to credit quality. Increases in expected cash flows should be recognized prospectively through an adjustment of the internal rate of return while decreases in expected cash flows should be recognized as impairments. SOP 03-3 makes it more likely that impairment losses and accretable yield adjustments for portfolios’ performances which exceed original collection projections will be recorded, as all downward revisions in collection estimates will result in impairment charges, given the requirement that the IRR of the affected pool be held constant. As a result of the slower economy and other factors that resulted in slower collections on certain portfolios, impairments of $39.8 million were recorded during the six-month period ended March 31, 2009. Impairments totaling $21.4 million for the first quarter include $7.4 million in impairments related to two portfolios transferred to the cost recovery method in the first quarter, one of which is made up of unsecured installment loans domiciled outside the United States. Impairments of $18.4 million recorded during the three-month period ended March 31, 2009 include $1.5 million on one portfolio transferred to cost recovery. This portfolio was previously impaired $2.7 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2008 and the future cash flows have been increasingly unpredictable. This portfolio is made up of telecommunication accounts that have not followed the performance curves of most of our other telecommunications portfolios. Due to the uncertainty of projections on this portfolio, the portfolio was transferred to the cost recovery method. The remaining impairments relate to the timing of and/or the collections projected to be below the original expectations.
Our analysis of the timing and amount of cash flows to be generated by our portfolio purchases are based on the following attributes:
    the type of receivable, the location of the debtor and the number of collection agencies previously attempting to collect the receivables in the portfolio. We have found that there are better states to try to collect receivables and we factor in both better and worse states when establishing our initial cash flow expectations;
 
    the average balance of the receivables influence our analysis in that lower average balance portfolios tend to be more collectible in the short-term and higher average balance portfolios are more appropriate for our law suit strategy and thus yield better results over the longer term. As we have significant experience with both types of balances, we are able to factor these variables into our initial expected cash flows;

 

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    the age of the receivables, the number of days since charge-off, the payments, if any, since charge-off, and the credit guidelines of the credit originator also represent factors taken into consideration in our estimation process since, for example, older receivables might be more difficult to collect in amount and/or require more time to collect;
 
    past history and performance of similar assets acquired. As we purchase portfolios of like assets, we accumulate a significant historical data base on the tendencies of debtor repayments and factor this into our initial expected cash flows;
 
    our ability to analyze accounts and resell accounts that meet our criteria;
 
    jobs or property of the debtors found within portfolios. With our business model, this is of particular importance. Debtors with jobs or property are more likely to repay their obligation through the suit strategy and, conversely, debtors without jobs or property are less likely to repay their obligation. We believe that debtors with jobs or property are more likely to repay because courts have mandated the debtor must pay the debt. Ultimately, the debtor will pay to clear title or release a lien. We also believe that these debtors generally might take longer to repay and that is factored into our initial expected cash flows; and
 
    credit standards of issuer.
We acquire accounts that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination and the date of our acquisition of the accounts. The amount paid for a portfolio of accounts reflects our determination that it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the portfolio of accounts’ contractual terms. We consider the expected payments and estimate the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows for each acquired portfolio coupled with expected cash flows from accounts available for sales. The excess of this amount over the cost of the portfolio, representing the excess of the accounts’ cash flows expected to be collected over the amount paid, is accreted into income recognized on finance receivables over the expected remaining life of the portfolio.
We believe we have significant experience in acquiring certain distressed consumer receivable portfolios at a significant discount to the amount actually owed by underlying debtors. We acquire these portfolios only after both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the underlying receivables are performed and a calculated purchase price is paid so that we believe our estimated cash flow offers us an adequate return on our acquisition costs after our servicing expenses. Additionally, when considering larger portfolio purchases of accounts, or portfolios from issuers with whom we have limited experience, we have the added benefit of soliciting our third party servicers for their input on liquidation rates and, at times, incorporate such input into the estimates we use for our expected cash flows.
Typically, when purchasing portfolios with which we have the experience detailed above, we have expectations of achieving a 100% return on our invested capital back within an 18-28 month time frame and expectations of generating in the range of 130-150% of our invested capital over 3-5 years. We continue to use this as our basis for establishing the original cash flow estimates for our portfolio purchases. We routinely monitor these results against the actual cash flows and, in the event the cash flows are below our expectations and we believe there are no reasons relating to mere timing differences or explainable delays (such as can occur particularly when the court system is involved) for the reduced collections, an impairment would be recorded as a provision for credit losses. Conversely, in the event the cash flows are in excess of our expectations and the reason is due to timing, we would defer the “excess” collections and record as deferred revenue.
Commissions and fees
Commissions and fees are the contractual commissions earned by third party collection agencies and attorneys, and direct costs associated with the collection effort- generally court costs. The Company expects to continue to purchase portfolios and utilize third party collection agencies and attorney networks.
Note 9: Income Taxes
Deferred federal and state taxes principally arise from (i) recognition of finance income collected for tax purposes, but not yet recognized for financial reporting; and (ii) provision for impairments/credit losses, both resulting in timing differences between financial accounting and tax reporting. The provision for income tax expense for the three month periods ending March 31, 2009 and 2008 reflects income tax expense at an effective rate of 40.4% and 40.5%, respectively. The provision for income tax expense for the six month periods ending March 31, 2009 and 2008 reflects income tax expense at an effective rate of 40.4% and 41.0%, respectively. Income taxes receivable represent taxes due for overpayment of federal income taxes. Income taxes payable represent tax obligations due state jurisdistions.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 10: Net Income Per Share
Basic per share data is determined by dividing net income by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period. Diluted per share data is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average shares outstanding, assuming all dilutive potential common shares were issued. With respect to the assumed proceeds from the exercise of dilutive options, the treasury stock method is calculated using the average market price for the period.
The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted per share data for the six and three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008:
                                                 
    Six Months Ended March 31,  
    2009     2008  
            Weighted                     Weighted        
    Net     Average     Per Share     Net     Average     Per Share  
    Income     Shares     Amount     Income     Shares     Amount  
Basic
  $ (13,005,000 )     14,271,824     $ (0.91 )   $ 5,607,000       14,059,142     $ 0.40  
Effect of Dilutive Stock
                              683,407          
 
                                       
 
                                               
Diluted
  $ (13,005,0000 )     14,271,824     $ (0.91 )   $ 5,607,000       14,742,549     $ 0.38  
 
                                   
                                                 
    Three Months Ended March 31,  
    2009     2008  
            Weighted                     Weighted        
    Net     Average     Per Share     Net     Average     Per Share  
    (Loss)     Shares     Amount     Income     Shares     Amount  
Basic
  $ (5,168,000 )     14,271,824     $ (0.36 )   $ (7,707,000 )     14,201,674     $ (0.54 )
Effect of Dilutive Stock
                                       
 
                                       
 
                                               
Diluted
  $ (5,168,000 )     14,271,824     $ (0.36 )   $ (7,707,000 )     14,201,674     $ (0.54 )
 
                                   
At March 31, 2009, 1,036,438 options at a weighted average exercise price of $11.68 were not included in the diluted earnings per share calculation as they were antidilutive.
Note 11: Stock-based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based employee compensation under Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2005), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”). SFAS 123R requires that compensation expense associated with stock options and other stock based awards be recognized in the statement of operations, rather than a disclosure in the notes to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
On January 17, 2008, the Compensation Committee awarded 58,000 shares of restricted stock to officers and directors of the Company. These shares vest in three equal annual installments starting on October 1, 2008.
For the three month and six month periods ended March 31, 2009, $368,000 and $649,000, respectively, of stock based compensation expense was recognized. For the three and six month periods ended March 31, 2008, $263,000 and $450,000, respectively of stock based compensation expense was recorded. See Note 12 — Stock Option Plans for more information. There were no stock option awards granted in the first six months of fiscal years 2009 and 2008.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 12: Stock Option Plans
Equity Compensation Plan
On December 1, 2005, the Board of Directors adopted the Company’s Equity Compensation Plan (the “Equity Compensation Plan”), approved by the stockholders of the Company on March 1, 2006. The Equity Compensation Plan was adopted to supplement the Company’s existing 2002 Stock Option Plan. In addition to permitting the grant of stock options as are permitted under the 2002 Stock Option Plan, the Equity Compensation Plan allows the Company flexibility with respect to equity awards by also providing for grants of stock awards (i.e. restricted or unrestricted), stock purchase rights and stock appreciation rights. One million shares were authorized for issuance under the Equity Compensation Plan. The following description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Equity Compensation Plan, which is included as an exhibit to the Company’s reports filed with the SEC.
The general purpose of the Equity Compensation Plan is to provide an incentive to our employees, directors and consultants, including executive officers, employees and consultants of any subsidiaries, by enabling them to share in the future growth of our business. The Board of Directors believes that the granting of stock options and other equity awards promotes continuity of management and increases incentive and personal interest in the welfare of the Company by those who are primarily responsible for shaping and carrying out our long range plans and securing our growth and financial success.
The Board believes that the Equity Compensation Plan will advance our interests by enhancing our ability to (a) attract and retain employees, directors and consultants who are in a position to make significant contributions to our success; (b) reward employees, directors and consultants for these contributions; and (c) encourage employees, directors and consultants to take into account our long-term interests through ownership of our shares.
The Company has 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Equity Compensation Plan and 878,334 were available as of March 31, 2009. On January 17, 2008 the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors awarded 58,000 shares of restricted stock to officers and directors of the Company which vest in three equal annual installments beginning October 1, 2008. 68,000 restricted shares were granted in the first quarter of fiscal year 2007. These shares vest in three equal annual installments starting on October 1, 2008. As of March 31, 2009, approximately 103 of the Company’s employees were eligible to participate in the Equity Compensation Plan.
2002 Stock Option Plan
On March 5, 2002, the Board of Directors adopted the Asta Funding, Inc. 2002 Stock Option Plan (the “2002 Plan”), which plan was approved by the Company’s stockholders on May 1, 2002. The 2002 Plan was adopted in order to attract and retain qualified directors, officers and employees of, and consultants to, the Company. The following description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 2002 Plan, which is included as an exhibit to the Company’s reports filed with the SEC.
The 2002 Plan authorizes the granting of incentive stock options (as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”)) and non-qualified stock options to eligible employees of the Company, including officers and directors of the Company(whether or not employees) and consultants of the Company.
The Company has 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2002 Plan and 394,334 were available as of March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, approximately 103 of the Company’s employees were eligible to participate in the 2002 Plan.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS —
Continued
(Unaudited)
Note 12: Stock Option Plans (continued)
1995 Stock Option Plan
The 1995 Stock Option Plan expired on September 14, 2005. The plan was adopted in order to attract and retain qualified directors, officers and employees of, and consultants, to the Company. The following description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 1995 Stock Option Plan, which is included as an exhibit to the Company’s reports filed with the SEC.
The 1995 Stock Option Plan authorized the granting of incentive stock options (as defined in Section 422 of the Code) and non-qualified stock options to eligible employees of the Company, including officers and directors of the Company (whether or not employees) and consultants to the Company.
The Company authorized 1,840,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance under the 1995 Stock Option Plan. All but 96,002 shares were utilized. As of September 14, 2005, no more options could be issued under this plan.
The following table summarizes stock option transactions under the plans:
                                 
    Six Months Ended March 31,  
    2009     2008  
            Weighted             Weighted  
            Average             Average  
            Exercise             Exercise  
    Shares     Price     Shares     Price  
Outstanding options at the beginning of period
    1,037,438     $ 11.69       1,337,438     $ 9.38  
Options granted
    -0-     $ -0-       -0-     $ -0-  
Options exercised
    -0-     $ -0-       (300,000 )   $ 1.42  
Options forfeited
    (1,000 )   $ 28.75       -0-       -0-  
 
                           
Outstanding options at the end of period
    1,036,438     $ 11.68       1,037,438     $ 11.69  
 
                           
 
                               
Exercisable options at the end of period
    1,036,438     $ 11.68       1,031,438     $ 11.59  
 
                           
The following table summarizes information about the Plans outstanding options as of March 31, 2009:
                                         
    Options Outstanding     Options Exercisable  
            Weighted                      
            Average     Weighted             Weighted  
            Remaining     Average             Average  
    Number     Contractual     Exercise     Number     Exercise  
Range of Exercise Price   Outstanding     Life (in Years)     Price     Exercisable     Price  
$0.8125 – $2.8750
    300,000       1.5     $ 2.63       300,000     $ 2.63  
$2.8751 – $5.7500
    106,667       3.6     $ 4.73       106,667     $ 4.73  
$5.7501 – $8.6250
    12,000       2.6     $ 5.96       12,000     $ 5.96  
$14.3751 – $17.2500
    218,611       4.7     $ 15.04       218,611     $ 15.04  
$17.2501 – $20.1250
    382,160       5.5     $ 18.22       382,160     $ 18.22  
$25.8751 – $28.7500
    17,000       7.7     $ 28.75       17,000     $ 28.75  
 
                                   
 
    1,036,438       4.0     $ 11.68       1,036,438     $ 11.68  
 
                                   
The Company recognized $43,000 and $46,000 of compensation expense related to stock options during the six month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. As of March 31, 2009, compensation expense related to stock options was fully recognized. There is no remaining expense to be recognized for existing outstanding stock options. There is no intrinsic value of the outstanding and exercisable options as of March 31, 2009.

 

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ASTA FUNDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (
Continued)
(unaudited)
Note 12: Stock-Option Plans — (Continued)
The following table summarizes information about restricted stock transactions:
                                 
    Six Months Ended March 31,  
    2009     2008  
            Weighted             Weighted  
            Average Grant             Average Grant  
            Date Fair             Date Fair  
    Shares     Value     Shares     Value  
Unvested at the beginning of period
    80,667     $ 22.26       45,333     $ 28.75  
Awards granted
                58,000     $ 19.73  
Vested
    (40,995 )   $ 24.50       (22,666 )   $ 28.75  
Forfeited
    (4,334 )   $ 21.81              
 
                           
Unvested at the end of period
    35,338     $ 19.73       80,667     $ 22.26  
 
                           
The Company recognized $606,000 and $403,000 of compensation expense related to the restricted stock awards during the six-month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. As of March 31, 2009, there was $574,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock.
Note 13: Stockholders’ Equity
For the six months ended March 31, 2009, the Company declared dividends of $571,000, or $.02 per share. $285,000 was accrued as of March 31, 2009 and paid May 1, 2009. For the six months ended March 31, 2009 the Company recorded $751,000, net of taxes, in cumulative translation adjustments related to its investment in South America.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Caution Regarding Forward Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements typically are identified by use of terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “plan,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate” and similar expressions, although some forward-looking statements are expressed differently. Forward-looking statements represent our management’s judgment regarding future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this report regarding our financial position, business strategy, products, products under development and clinical trials, markets, budgets, plans, or objectives for future operations are forward-looking statements. We cannot guarantee the accuracy of the forward-looking statements, and you should be aware that our actual results could differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including the statements under “Risk Factors” and “Critical Accounting Policies” detailed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and Form 10-K/A for the year ended September 30, 2008, and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and the additional “Risk Factors” detailed in Part II Item 1A, herein.
Our annual report on Form 10-K and Form 10-K/A, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all other documents filed by the Company or with respect to its securities with the SEC are available free of charge through our website at www.astafunding.com. Information on our website does not constitute a part of this report. The SEC also maintains an internet site ( www.sec.gov ) that contains reports and information statements and other information regarding issuers, such as ourselves, who file electronically with the SEC.
Overview
We are primarily engaged in the business of acquiring, managing, servicing and recovering on portfolios of consumer receivables. These portfolios generally consist of one or more of the following types of consumer receivables:
    charged-off receivables — accounts that have been written-off by the originators and may have been previously serviced by collection agencies;
 
    semi-performing receivables — accounts where the debtor is currently making partial or irregular monthly payments, but the accounts may have been written-off by the originators; and
 
    performing receivables — accounts where the debtor is making regular monthly payments that may or may not have been delinquent in the past.
We acquire these consumer receivable portfolios at a significant discount to the amount actually owed by the borrowers. We acquire these portfolios after a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the underlying receivables and calculate the purchase price so that our estimated cash flow offers us an adequate return on our acquisition costs and servicing expenses. After purchasing a portfolio, we actively monitor its performance and review and adjust our collection and servicing strategies accordingly.
We purchase receivables from credit grantors and others through privately negotiated direct sales and auctions in which sellers of receivables seek bids from several pre-qualified debt purchasers. We pursue new acquisitions of consumer receivable portfolios on an ongoing basis through:
    our relationships with industry participants, collection agencies, investors and our financing sources;
 
    brokers who specialize in the sale of consumer receivable portfolios; and
 
    other sources.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies
We account for our investments in consumer receivable portfolios, using either:
  the interest method; or
 
  the cost recovery method.
As we believe our extensive liquidating experience in certain asset classes such as distressed credit card receivables, telecom receivables, consumer loan receivables, retail installment contracts, mixed consumer receivables, and auto deficiency receivables has matured, we use the interest method for accounting for substantially all asset acquisitions within these classes of receivables when we believe we can reasonably estimate the timing of the cash flows. In those situations where we diversify our acquisitions into other asset classes in which we do not possess the same expertise or history, or we cannot reasonably estimate the timing of the cash flows, we utilize the cost recovery method of accounting for those portfolios of receivables.
Over time, as we continue to purchase asset classes to the point where we believe we have developed the requisite expertise and experience, we are more likely to utilize the interest method to account for such purchases.
The Company accounts for its investment in finance receivables using the interest method under the guidance of AICPA Statement of Position 03-3, “Accounting for Loans or Certain Securities Acquired in a Transfer” (“SOP 03-3”). Practice Bulletin 6, “Amortization of Discounts on Certain Acquired Loans.” (“Practice Bulletin 6”) was amended by SOP 03-3. Under the guidance of SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6), static pools of accounts are established. These pools are aggregated based on certain common risk criteria. Each static pool is recorded at cost and is accounted for as a single unit for the recognition of income, principal payments and loss provision. We currently consider for aggregation portfolios of accounts, purchased within the same fiscal quarter, that generally have the following characteristics:
  same issuer/originator
 
  same underlying credit quality
 
  similar geographic distribution of the accounts
 
  similar age of the receivable and
 
  same type of asset class (credit cards, telecommunications, etc.)
After determining that an investment will yield an adequate return on our acquisition cost after servicing fees, including court costs which are expensed as incurred, we use a variety of qualitative and quantitative factors to determine the estimated cash flows. As previously mentioned, included in our analysis for purchasing a portfolio of receivables and determining a reasonable estimate of collections and the timing thereof, the following variables are analyzed and factored into our original estimates:
  the number of collection agencies previously attempting to collect the receivables in the portfolio;
 
  the average balance of the receivables;
 
  the age of the receivables (as older receivables might be more difficult to collect or might be less cost effective);
 
  past history of performance of similar assets — as we purchase portfolios of similar assets, we believe we have built significant history on how these receivables will liquidate and cash flow;
 
  number of months since charge-off;
 
  payments made since charge-off;

 

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  the credit originator and their credit guidelines;
 
  the locations of the debtors as there are better states to attempt to collect in and ultimately we have better predictability of the liquidations and the expected cash flows. Conversely, there are also states where the liquidation rates are not as good and that is factored into our cash flow analysis;
 
  financial wherewithal of the seller;
 
  jobs or property of the debtors found within portfolios-with our business model, this is of particular importance. Debtors with jobs or property are more likely to repay their obligation and conversely, debtors without jobs or property are less likely to repay their obligation ; and
 
  the ability to obtain customer statements from the original issuer.
We will obtain and utilize as appropriate input including, but not limited to, monthly collection projections and liquidation rates, from our third party collection agencies and attorneys, as further evidentiary matter, to assist us in developing collection strategies and in modeling the expected cash flows for a given portfolio.
We acquire accounts that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination and the date of our acquisition of the accounts. The amount paid for a portfolio of accounts’ reflects our determination that it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the portfolio of accounts’ contractual terms. We consider the expected payments and estimate the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows for each acquired portfolio coupled with expected cash flows from accounts available for sales. The excess of this amount over the cost of the portfolio, representing the excess of the account’s cash flows expected to be collected over the amount paid, is accreted into income recognized on finance receivables over the expected remaining life of the portfolio.
We believe we have significant experience in acquiring certain distressed consumer receivable portfolios at a significant discount to the amount actually owed by underlying debtors. We acquire these portfolios only after both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the underlying receivables are performed and a calculated purchase price is paid so that we believe our estimated cash flow offers us an adequate return on our costs including servicing expenses. Additionally, when considering larger portfolio purchases of accounts, or portfolios from issuers from whom we have little or limited experience, we have the added benefit of soliciting our third party collection agencies and attorneys for their input on liquidation rates and at times incorporate such input into the price we offer for a given portfolio and the estimates we use for our expected cash flows.
Typically, when purchasing portfolios for which we have the experience detailed above, we have expectations of recovering 100% return of our invested capital back within an 18-28 month time frame and expectations of collecting in the range of 130-150% of our invested capital over 3-5 years. Historically, we have generally been able to achieve these results and we continue to use this as our basis for establishing the original cash flow estimates for our portfolio purchases. We routinely monitor these results against the actual cash flows and, in the event the cash flows are below our expectations and we believe there are no reasons relating to mere timing differences or explainable delays (such as can occur particularly when the court system is involved) for the reduced collections, an impairment would be recorded as a provision for credit losses. Conversely, in the event the cash flows are in excess of our expectations and the reason is due to timing, we would defer the “excess” collection as deferred revenue.
The Company uses the cost recovery method when collections on a particular pool of accounts cannot be reasonably predicted. Under the cost recovery method, no income is recognized until the cost of the portfolio has been fully recovered. A pool can become fully amortized (zero carrying balance on the balance sheet) while still generating cash collections. In this case, all cash collections are recognized as revenue when received.

 

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Results of Operations
The six-month period ended March 31, 2009, compared to the six-month period ended March 31, 2008
Finance income. For the six-month period ended March 31, 2009, finance income decreased $31.5 million or 46.3% to $36.5 million from $68.0 million for the six-month period ended March 31, 2008. The purchase of the $6.9 billion in face value receivables for a purchase price of $300 million in March 2007 (the “Portfolio Purchase”) was accounted for using the interest method for the six month period ended March 31, 2008, during which time $17.7 million in finance income was recognized. The Portfolio Purchase was transferred to the cost recovery method effective at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal year 2008. As a result of the transfer, no finance income was recognized on the Portfolio Purchase for the six month period ended March 31, 2009. In addition, receivables under the interest method of accounting, excluding the Portfolio Purchase, declined $105 million from $242.6 million at March 31, 2008 to $137.5 million at March 31, 2009. The decrease in the average level of consumer receivables is attributable impairments recorded, amortization of the portfilos and portfolio purchases down from $1.3 billion of face value receivables at a cost of $41.3 million during the six-month period ended March 31, 2008, to $91.5 million of face value receivables at a cost of $2.7 million during the six-month period ended March 31, 2009. This decline results in the further reduction of finance income by $13.8 million.
During the first six months of fiscal year 2009, gross collections decreased 30.3% to $123.2 million from $176.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. Commissions and fees associated with gross collections from our third party collection agencies and attorneys decreased $24.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to the same period in the prior year and averaged 35.9% of collections for the six months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to 39.1% in the same prior year period. Net collections decreased by 26.7% to $79.0 million from $107.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. The Company pays a third party servicer a fee of $275,000 per month for twenty-five months for its consulting and skiptracing efforts in connection with the Portfolio Purchase. This fee, which began in May 2007 and ends in May 2009, is recorded as part of general and administrative expenses.
Income recognized from fully amortized portfolios (zero based revenue) was $20.6 million and $23.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
During the six months ended March 31, 2009, three portfolios were transferred from the interest method to the cost recovery method. Based on the nature of these portfolios and the recent cash flows, our estimates of the timing of expected cash flows became uncertain. One of the portfolios is related to unsecured installment loans domiciled in Puerto Rico. Due to local market conditions, the future cash flows of this portfolio became increasingly unpredictable. The second portfolio is made up of retail installment contracts that have not followed the performance curves we have historically experienced in this area of the market. The third portfolio has not performed as expected as compared to other portfolios in its class. Based upon the forecasts not being as reliable as first forecasted, we transferred these portfolios to the cost recovery method. Finance income on these portfolios collectively was approximately 3% of revenue for each of the six-month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. As a result of the transfer to the cost recovery method, we will not recognize finance income on these three portfolios until their carrying values are recovered. At March 31, 2009, the combined carrying values of these portfolios were $9.5 million. Impairments of approximately $8.9 million were recorded in the first and second quarters of fiscal year 2009 on these three portfolios.
Other income. Other income of $ 54,000 and $144,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, includes interest and service fee income.
General and Administrative Expenses. During the six months ended March 31, 2009, general and administrative expenses increased $0.5 million, or 3.4% to $13.4 million from $12.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008, and represented 22.9% of total expenses (excluding income taxes) for the six months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to 22.1% for the six month period ended March 31, 2008. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to an increase in collection expenses that resulted from the higher cost of maintaining the increased number of debtor accounts acquired in the past several years. In addition, professional fees increased during the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 resulting from work related to the bank amendments that were finalized on February 20, 2009. Also, amortization increased during the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 as compared to the same prior year period, reflecting increased amortization expense related to the fees on the loan amendments. The increased collection and amortization expenses were partially offset by lower postage and lower salary and salary -related expenses in fiscal year 2009 compared to the prior year. The reduced postage expense resulted from the reduced portfolio purchases in fiscal year 2009. The reduced salary expense reflected lower average number of employees during the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 compared to the same prior year period, in part, the result of the closing of the Pennsylvania collection facility. The cost of closing the Pennsylvania call center in February 2009 was approximately $250,000 and was included in general and administrative expense in the three month period ended March 31, 2009. This action is estimated to save the Company approximately $1.5 million annually.

 

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Interest Expense. During the six month period ended March 31, 2009, interest expense decreased $5.5 million or 51.9% from $10.7 million in the same prior year period and represented 8.8% of total expenses (excluding income taxes) for the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 compared to 18.2% for the six-month period ended March 31, 2008. The decrease in interest expense is primarily the result of a reduction in the average loan balance from $318.5 for the six-month period ended March 31, 2008 to $183.7 million for the same current year period as we continue our program of reducing debt, in addition to reduced portfolio purchases. Additionally, the average interest rate in the six-month period ended March 31, 2009 was 5.1% as compared to 6.2% for the same prior year period.
Impairments. Impairments of $39.8 million were recorded by the Company during the six months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to $35.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008, and represented 68.3% of total expenses (excluding income taxes) for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 as compared to 59.7% for the same prior year period. Included in impairments is $8.9 million related to three portfolios transferred to the cost recovery method. As relative collections with respect to our expectations on these portfolios were deteriorating, we believed that these impairment charges and adjustments to our cash flow expectations became necessary. We recorded impairments on the Portfolio Purchase in the amount of $30.3 million and five other portfolios in the amount of $4.7 million in the six month period ended March 31, 2008.
The three-month period ended March 31, 2009, compared to the three-month period ended March 31, 2008
Finance income. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, finance income decreased $15.8 million or 46.6% to $18.1 million from $33.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The Portfolio Purchase was accounted for using the interest method for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, during which time $8.8 million in finance income was recognized. The Portfolio Purchase was transferred to the cost recovery method effective in the third quarter of fiscal year 2008. As a result of the transfer, no finance income was recognized on the Portfolio Purchase for the three-month period ended March 31, 2009. In addition, receivables under the interest method of accounting, excluding the Portfolio Purchase, declined $105 million from $242.6 million at March 31, 2008 to $137.5 million at March 31, 2009. The decrease in the average level of consumer receivables is largely attributable to the impairments recorded, amortization of the portfolios and the decrease in portfolio purchases down from $155 million of face value receivables at a cost of $3.8 million during the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, to $44.0 million of face value receivables at a cost of $1.6 million during the three-month period ended March 31, 2009. This decline results in the further reduction of finance income by $7.0 million.
During the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, gross collections decreased 34.3% to $57.4 million from $87.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Commissions and fees associated with gross collections from our third party collection agencies and attorneys decreased $17.2 million, or 45.6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to the same period in the prior year and averaged 35.7% during the three-month period ended March 31, 2009. Net collections decreased by 25.8% to $36.9 million from $49.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The Company pays a third party servicer a monthly fee of $275,000 per month for twenty-five months for its consulting and skiptracing efforts in connection with the Portfolio Purchase. This fee, which began in May 2007, is recorded as part of general and administrative expenses. The final payment is due in May 2009.
During the three months ended March 31, 2009, one portfolio was transferred from the interest method to the cost recovery method. Based on the nature of this portfolio and the recent cash flows, our estimates of the timing of expected cash flows became uncertain. Based upon the forecast not being as reliable as first forecasted we transferred this portfolio to the cost recovery method. Finance income was less than 1% of revenue for each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, on this portfolio. As a result of the transfer to the cost recovery method, we will not recognize finance income on this portfolio until its carrying values is recovered. At March 31, 2009, the carrying value of this portfolio was $4.0 million. An impairment of approximately $1.5 million was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009 on this portfolio.
Income recognized from fully amortized portfolios (zero based revenue) was $10.5 million and $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Other income. Other income of $ 22,000 and $4,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, includes interest and service fee income.
General and Administrative Expenses. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2009, general and administrative expenses decreased $0.8 million or 10.9% to $6.3 million from $7.1 million for the three-months ended March 31, 2008, and represented 23.7% of total expenses (excluding income taxes) for the three months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to 15.2% for the same period in the prior year. The decrease is the result of lower postage expense and lower salary and salary-related expenses, partially offset by an increase in professional fees associated with the work on the banking arrangements finalized February 20, 2009. The cost of closing the Pennsylvania call center was approximately $250,000 and was included in general and administrative expense in the three month period ended March 31, 2009.

 

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Interest Expense. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2009, interest expense was $2.0 million compared to $4.7 million in the same period in the prior year and represented 7.3% of total expenses (excluding income taxes) for the three-month period ended March 31, 2009 compared to 10.1% in the same prior year period. The decrease in interest expense is primarily the result the average loan balance from $315.7 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 to $172.0 million for the same current year period as we continue our program of reducing debt, in addition to reduced portfolio purchases. Additionally, the average interest rate in the three-month period ended March 31, 2009 was 4.1% as compared to 6.8% for the same prior year period.
Impairments. Impairments of $18.4 million were recorded by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2009 as compared to $35.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, and represented 69.0% of total expenses (excluding income taxes) for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 as compared to 74.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Included in impairments is $1.5 million related to a portfolio transferred to the cost recovery method. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we recorded impairments on the Portfolio Purchase in the amount of $30.3 million and 5 other portfolios in the amount of $4.7 million. As relative collections with respect to our expectations on these portfolios were deteriorating, we believed that these impairment charges and adjustments to our cash flow expectations became necessary.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary source of cash from operations is collections on the receivable portfolios we have acquired. Our primary uses of cash include repayments of debt, purchases of consumer receivable portfolios, interest payments, costs involved in the collections of consumer receivables, dividends and taxes. Management believes that the results of operations will provide enough liquidity to meet our obligations of the business and be in compliance with debt covenants. We rely significantly upon our lenders to provide the funds necessary for the purchase of consumer accounts receivable portfolios.
On February 20, 2009, we executed the Seventh Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement (this and all other amendments referred to as the “Credit Facility”) with a consortium of banks (“the Bank Group”) See further discussion on this amendment below. As of March 31, 2009, we had an $85.0 million line of credit on the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility will reduce to $80.0 million by June 30, 2009. The Credit Facility bears interest at the lesser of LIBOR plus an applicable margin, or the prime rate minus an applicable margin based on certain leverage ratios. The Credit Facility is collateralized by all portfolios of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation and all other assets of the Company excluding the assets of Palisades Acquisition XVI, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Palisades XVI”), and contains financial and other covenants (relative to tangible net worth, interest coverage, and leverage ratio, as defined) that must be maintained in order to borrow funds. As of March 31, 2009, there was a $44.8 million outstanding balance under this facility and availability of $20.9 million. Our borrowing availability is based on a formula calculated on the age of the receivables. The balance outstanding at March 31, 2008 was $148.3 million. Although we are within the borrowing limits of this facility, there are certain limitations in place with regard to collateralization whereby the Company may be limited in its ability to borrow funds to purchase additional portfolios. The term of the Credit Facility ends July 11, 2009. If the loan agreement cannot be renewed at maturity, we believe we can sell any of the assets secured by the Credit Facility, which is all assets of the Company except those owned by Palisades XVI.
On March 30, 2007 the Company signed the Third Amendment to the Credit Facility whereby the parties agreed to a Temporary Overadvance of $16 million. In addition, the parties agreed to an increase in interest rate to LIBOR plus 275 basis points for LIBOR loans, subject to an adjustment each quarter, an increase from 175 basis points. On May 10, 2007, the Company signed the Fourth Amendment to the Credit Facility whereby the parties agreed to revise certain terms of the agreement which eliminated the Temporary Overadvance provision. On June 26, 2007 the Company signed the Fifth Amendment to the Credit Facility that amended certain terms of the Credit Agreement whereby the parties agreed to increase the advance rates on portfolio purchases allowing the Company more borrowing availability within the $175 million upper limit. On December 4, 2007, the Company signed the Sixth Amendment to the Credit Facility with the Bank Group that temporarily increased the total revolving loan commitment from $175 million to 185 million through February 29, 2008. The temporary increase was not used.
In March 2007, Palisades XVI consummated the $300 million Portfolio Purchase. The Portfolio Purchase is made up of predominantly credit card accounts and includes accounts in collection litigation, accounts as to which the sellers had been awarded judgments, and other traditional charge-offs. The Company’s line of credit with the Bank Group was fully utilized, as modified in February 2007, with the aggregate deposit of $75 million paid for the Portfolio Purchase.
The remaining $225 million was paid on March 5, 2007 by borrowing approximately $227 million (inclusive of transaction costs) under the Receivables Financing Agreement entered into by Palisades XVI with BMO as the funding source, and consists of debt with full recourse only to Palisades XVI, bore an interest rate of approximately 170 basis points over LIBOR at the inception of the agreement. The term of the original agreement was three years. All proceeds received as a result of the net collections from the Portfolio Purchase are applied to interest and principal of the underlying loan. The Company made certain representations and warranties to the lender to support the transaction. The Portfolio Purchase is serviced by Palisades Collection, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, which has also engaged several unrelated subservicers. As of March 31, 2009, there was a $115.3 million outstanding balance under this facility.

 

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At September 30, 2007, Palisades XVI was required to remit an additional $13.1 million to its lender in order to be in compliance under the Receivables Financing Agreement. The Company facilitated the ability of Palisades XVI to make this payment by borrowing $13.1 million under its current revolving credit facility and causing another of its subsidiaries to purchase a portion of the Portfolio Purchase from Palisades XVI at a price of $13.1 million prior to the measurement date under the Receivables Financing Agreement.
On December 27, 2007, Palisades XVI entered into the Second Amendment of its Receivables Financing Agreement. As the actual collections had been slower than the minimum collections scheduled under the original agreement, which contemplated sales of accounts which had not occurred, the lender and Palisades XVI agreed to a lower amortization schedule which did not contemplate the sales of accounts. The effect of this reduction was to extend the payments of the loan from approximately 25 months to approximately 31 months from the date of the second amendment. The lender charged Palisades XVI a fee of $475,000 which was paid on January 10, 2008. The fee was capitalized and is being amortized over the remaining life of the Receivables Financing Agreement.
On May 19, 2008, Palisades XVI entered into the Third Amendment of its Receivables Financing Agreement. As the actual collections on the Portfolio Purchase continued to be slower than the minimum collections scheduled under the Second Amendment, the lender and Palisades XVI agreed to an extended amortization schedule. The effect of this reduction is to extend the length of the original loan to three years, nine months, an extension of nine months. BMO also increased the interest rate to approximately 320 basis points (from 170 basis points) over LIBOR, subject to automatic reduction in the future if additional capital contributions are made by the parent of Palisades XVI. In addition, on May 19, 2008, the Company entered into an amended and restated Servicing Agreement among Palisades XVI, Palisades Collection, L.L.C. and BMO (the “Servicing Agreement”). The amendment calls for increased documentation, responsibilities and approvals of subservicers engaged by Palisades Collection LLC.
On April 29, 2008, the Company obtained a subordinated loan pursuant to a subordinated promissory note from Asta Group, Inc. (“the Family Entity”). The loan is in the aggregate principal amount of $8.2 million, bears interest at a rate of 6.25% per annum, is payable interest only each quarter until its maturity date of January 9, 2010, subject to prior repayment in full of the Company’s senior loan facility with the Bank Group. Interest expense on this loan was $257,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2009. The subordinated loan was incurred by the Company to resolve certain issues described below. Proceeds of the subordinated loan were used to reduce the balance due on our line of credit with the Bank Group on June 13, 2008. This facility is secured by the Bank Group Collateral, other than the assets of Palisades XVI, which was separately financed by the BMO Facility.
A servicer that provides servicing for certain portfolios within the Bank Group Collateral, was also engaged by Palisades Collection, LLC, after the initial purchase of the Portfolio Purchase in March 2007, to provide certain management services with respect to the portfolios owned by Palisades XVI and financed by the BMO Facility and to provide subservicing functions for portions of the Portfolio Purchase. Collections with respect to the Portfolio Purchase, and most portfolios purchased by the Company, lag the costs and fees which are expended to generate those collections, particularly when court costs are advanced to pursue an aggressive litigation strategy, as is the case with the Portfolio Purchase. Start-up cash flow issues with respect to the Portfolio Purchase were exacerbated by (a) collection challenges caused by the economic environment at that time, (b) the fact that Palisades Collection believed that it would be desirable to engage this servicer to perform management services with respect to the Portfolio Purchase which services were not contemplated at the time of the initial Portfolio Purchase and (c) Palisades Collection believed it would be desirable to commence litigations and incur court costs at a faster rate than initially budgeted. The agreements with this servicer call for a 3%fee on substantially all gross collections from the Portfolio Purchase on the first $500 million and 7% on substantially all collections from the Portfolio Purchase in excess of $500 million. Additionally, the Company pays this servicer a monthly fee of $275,000 for twenty-five months commencing May 2007 for its consulting, asset identification and skiptracing efforts in connection with the Portfolio Purchase. The monthly service fee ends in May 2009. This servicer also receives a servicing fee with respect to those accounts it actually subservices. As the fees due to this servicer for management and subservicing functions and the amounts spent for court costs were higher than those initially contemplated for subservicing functions, and as start-up collections with respect to the Portfolio Purchase were slower than initially projected, the amounts owed to the servicer with respect to the Portfolio Purchase for fees and advances for court costs to pursue litigation against debtors exceeded amounts available to pay the servicer from collections received by the servicer on the Portfolio Purchase. The Company considered the effects of these trends on portfolio valuation.
Rather than waiting for collections from the Portfolio Purchase to satisfy sums of approximately $8.2 million due it for court cost advances and its fees, this servicer set-off that amount against amounts it had collected on behalf of the Company with respect to the Bank Group Collateral. While the servicer disagrees, the Company believes that those sums should have been remitted to the Bank Group without setoff.
The Company determined to remedy any shortfall in the receipts due to the Bank Group by obtaining the $8.2 million subordinated loan from the Family Entity and causing the proceeds of the loan to be delivered to the Bank Group and not to pursue a dispute with the servicer at that time. The Company believed that avoiding a dispute with this servicer was in its best interests. On April 29, 2008, the Company entered into a letter agreement with the Bank Group in which the Bank Group consented to the Subordinated Loan from the Family Entity. On January 18, 2009, the Company entered into amended agreements with this servicer pursuant to which the Servicer agreed that it will not make any further setoffs against collections. The Company believes that any future sums due to this servicer will be available from the cash flow of the Portfolio Purchase.

 

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On February 20, 2009, the Company entered into the Seventh Amendment to the Credit Facility in order to, among other items, reduce the level of the loan commitment, redefine certain financial covenant ratios, revise the requirement for an unqualified opinion on annual audited financial statements, and permit certain encumbrances relating to restructuring of the BMO Facility. Pursuant to the Seventh Amendment, the loan commitment has been revised down from $175.0 million to the following schedule: (1) $90.0 million until March 30, 2009, (2) $85.0 million from March 31, 2009 through June 29, 2009, and (3) $80.0 million from June 30, 2009 and thereafter. In addition, the Company shall pay interest to the Bank Group at the following rates: the lesser of LIBOR plus an applicable margin or the prime rate plus an applicable margin per annum or, at the election of the Company, the applicable LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable LIBOR Margin per annum, based on the aggregate Advances outstanding from time to time; provided, however, at no time shall the interest rate be less than five hundred (500) basis points per annum. Beginning with the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008 (and for each period included in calculating fixed charge coverage ratio for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008) and continuing thereafter for each reporting period thereafter (and for each period included in calculating fixed charge coverage ratio for such reporting period), EBITDA and fixed charges attributable to Palisades XVI shall be excluded from the computation of the fixed charge coverage ratio for Asta Funding and its Subsidiaries. In addition, the fixed charge coverage has been revised to exclude impairment expense of portfolios of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation and increase the ratio from a minimum of 1.50 to 1.0 to a minimum of 1.75 to 1.0. In addition, the Seventh Amendment provides that a qualification on the Company’s audited financial statements, as consolidated, resulting solely from the Bank Group maturity date being scheduled to occur in less than one year shall not be deemed to violate the Credit Agreement. The permitted encumbrances under the Credit Agreement were revised to include certain encumbrances incurred by the Company in connection with certain guarantees and liens provided to BMO Facility and the Family Entity. Further, individual portfolio purchases in excess of $7.5 million will now require the consent of the agent and portfolio purchases in excess of $15.0 million in the aggregate during any 120 day period will require the consent of the Bank Group. The Company and the Bank Group are in the beginning phase of discussions to renew the current Loan Agreement. If, however, a renewal cannot be ultimately agreed to, the Company, at maturity, will consider the sale of assets collateralized by this loan agreement, to satisfy its obligations after July 11, 2009.
As a result of the actual collections being lower than the minimum collection rates required under the Receivables Financing Agreement for the months ended November 30, 2008, December 31, 2008 and January 31, 2009, termination events occurred under the terms of the Receivable Financing Agreement. In order to resolve these issues, on February 20, 2009, the Company executed the Fourth Amendment to the Receivables Financing Agreement with BMO. The effect of this Fourth Amendment is, among other things, to (i) lower the collection rate minimum to $1 million per month (plus interest and fees) as an average for each period of three consecutive months, (ii) provide for an automatic extension of the maturity date from April 30, 2011 to April 30, 2012 should the outstanding balance be reduced to $25 million or less by April 30, 2011 and (iii) permanently waive the termination events. The interest rate will remain unchanged at approximately 320 basis points over LIBOR, subject to automatic reduction in the future should certain collection milestones be attained.
As additional credit support for repayment by Palisades XVI of its obligations under the Receivables Financing Agreement and as an inducement for BMO to enter into the Fourth Amendment, the Company offered BMO a limited recourse, subordinated guaranty, secured by the assets of the Company, in an amount not to exceed $8 million plus reasonable costs of enforcement and collection. Under the terms of the guaranty, BMO cannot exercise any recourse against the Company until the earlier of (i) five years from the date of the Fourth Amendment and (ii) the termination of the Company’s existing senior lending facility or any successor senior facility.
In addition, as further credit support under the Receivables Financing Agreement, the Family Entity offered BMO a limited recourse, subordinated guaranty, secured solely by a collateral assignment of $700,000 of the $8.2 million subordinated note executed by the Company for the benefit of the Family Entity. The subordinated note was separated into a $700,000 note and a $7.5 million note for such purpose. Under the terms of the guaranty, except upon the occurrence of certain termination events, BMO cannot exercise any recourse against the Family Entity until the occurrence of a termination event under the Receivables Financing Agreement and an undertaking of reasonable efforts to dispose of Palisades XVI’s assets. As an inducement for agreeing to make such collateral assignment, the Family Entity was also granted a subordinated guaranty by the Company (other than Asta Funding, Inc.) for the performance by Asta Funding, Inc. of its obligation to repay the $8.2 million, secured by the assets of the Company (other than Asta Funding, Inc.), and the Company agreed to indemnify the Family Entity to the extent that BMO exercises recourse in connection with the collateral assignment. Without the consent of the agent under the senior lending facility, the Family Entity will not be permitted to act on such guaranty, and cannot receive payment under such indemnity, until the termination of the Company’s senior lending facility or lenders under any successor senior facility. As a result of the Company’s current capital structure and their interrelated components, it may be difficult to obtain new financing.
As of March 31, 2009, our cash decreased $1.0 million to $2.6 million, down from $3.6 million at September 30, 2008, including a $62,000 positive effect of foreign exchange on cash. The decrease in cash was the result of an increase in net cash used in financing activities partially offset by an increase in net cash provided by investing and operating activities.

 

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Net cash provided by operating activities was $11.6 million during the six month period ended March 31, 2009, compared to $30.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to lower net income (excluding impairments, a non-cash item), and lower income taxes payable during the six months ended March 31, 2009 compared to the same prior year period. Net cash provided by investing activity was $41.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $0.9 million used in investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2008, almost entirely a reflection of the decrease in new portfolio purchases from $41.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2008 to $2.7 million during the same current year period. Net cash used in financing activities increased to $53.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009 from $30.1 million for the same prior year period. The increase reflects the continuation of reducing debt. In addition, there has been a decrease in portfolio purchases.
The following tables summarize the changes in the balance sheet of the investment in receivable portfolios during the following periods:
                         
    For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2009  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 203,470,000     $ 245,542,000     $ 449,012,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    2,681,000       7,000       2,688,000  
Net cash collections from collection of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (51,463,000 )     (20,853,000 )     (72,316,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (3,075,000 )     (3,572,000 )     (6,647,000 )
Transfer to cost recovery
    (10,128,000 )     10,128,000        
Impairments
    (39,844,000 )           (39,844,000 )
Effect of foreign currency translation
          (1,190,000 )     (1,190,000 )
Finance income recognized (1)
    35,856,000       664,000       36,520,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 137,497,000     $ 230,726,000     $ 368,223,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    65.7 %     2.7 %     46.2 %
     
(1)   Includes $20.6 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.
                         
    For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2008  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 508,515,000     $ 37,108,000     $ 545,623,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    20,155,000       21,152,000       41,307,000  
Net cash collections from collection of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (87,703,000 )     (7,330,000 )     (95,033,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation (1)
    (12,654,000 )           (12,654,000 )
Impairments
    (35,000,000 )           (35,000,000 )
Finance income recognized (2)
    67,310,000       703,000       68,013,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 460,623,000     $ 51,633,000     $ 512,256,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    67.1 %     9.6 %     63.2 %
     
(1)   Includes the put back of a portfolio purchased and returned to the seller in the amount of $2.8 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2008.
 
(2)   Includes $23.9 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.

 

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    For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 166,432,000     $ 237,376,000     $ 403,808,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    1,603,000       7,000       1,610,000  
Net cash collections from collections of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (25,090,000 )     (10,971,000 )     (36,061,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (727,000 )     (147,000 )     (874,000 )
Transfer to cost recovery
    (3,979,000 )     3,979,000        
Impairments
    (18,429,000 )           (18,429,000 )
Effect of foreign currency translation
          65,000       65,000  
Finance income recognized (1)
    17,687,000       417,000       18,104,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 137,497,000     $ 230,726,000     $ 368,223,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    68.5 %     3.8 %     49.0 %
     
(1)   Includes approximately $10.5 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.
                         
    For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008  
    Accrual     Cash        
    Basis     Basis        
    Portfolios     Portfolios     Total  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 509,580,000     $ 49,794,000     $ 559,374,000  
Acquisitions of receivable portfolios, net
    239,000       3,559,000       3,798,000  
Net cash collections from collections of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (42,807,000 )     (2,124,000 )     (44,931,000 )
Net cash collections represented by account sales of consumer receivables acquired for liquidation
    (4,863,000 )           (4,863,000 )
Impairments
    (35,000,000 )           (35,000,000 )
Finance income recognized (1)
    33,474,000       404,000       33,878,000  
 
                 
 
                       
Balance, end of period
  $ 460,623,000     $ 51,633,000     $ 512,256,000  
 
                 
Finance income as a percentage of collections
    70.2 %     19.0 %     68.0 %
     
(1)   Includes $12.2 million derived from fully amortized interest method pools.
Supplementary Information:
We do not anticipate collecting the majority of the purchased principal amounts. Accordingly, the difference between the carrying value of the portfolios and the gross receivables is not indicative of future revenues from these accounts acquired for liquidation. Since we purchased these accounts at significant discounts, we anticipate collecting only a small portion of the face amounts. During the six months ended March 31, 2009, we purchased portfolios with a face value of $91.5 million for an aggregate purchase price of $2.7 million.

 

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The Company accounts for its investment in finance receivables using the interest method under the guidance of American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Statement of Position (“SOP”) 03-3, “Accounting for Loans or Certain Securities Acquired in a Transfer.” Practice Bulletin 6 was amended by SOP 03-3 as described further. Under the guidance of SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6), static pools of accounts are established. These pools are aggregated based on certain common risk criteria. Each static pool is recorded at cost and is accounted for as a single unit for the recognition of income, principal payments and loss provision. Once a static pool is established for a quarter, individual receivable accounts are not added to the pool (unless replaced by the seller) or removed from the pool (unless sold or returned to the seller). SOP 03-3 (and the amended Practice Bulletin 6) requires that the excess of the contractual cash flows over expected cash flows not be recognized as an adjustment of revenue or expense or on the balance sheet. The SOP initially freezes the internal rate of return, referred to as IRR, estimated when the accounts receivable are purchased as the basis for subsequent impairment testing. Significant increases in actual, or expected future cash flows may be recognized prospectively through an upward adjustment of the IRR over a portfolio’s remaining life. Any increase to the IRR then becomes the new benchmark for impairment testing. Under SOP 03-3 and the amended Practice Bulletin 6, rather than lowering the estimated IRR if the collection estimates are not received or projected to be received, the carrying value of a pool would be written down to maintain the then current IRR. Income on finance receivables is earned based on each static pool’s effective IRR. Under the interest method, income is recognized on the effective yield method based on the actual cash collected during a period and future estimated cash flows and timing of such collections and the portfolio’s cost. Revenue arising from collections in excess of anticipated amounts attributable to timing differences is deferred. The estimated future cash flows are reevaluated quarterly.
Collections Represented by Account Sales
                 
    Collections        
    Represented     Finance  
    By Account     Income  
Period   Sales     Earned  
Six months ended March 31, 2009
  $ 6,647,000     $ 1,791,000  
Three months ended March 31, 2009
  $ 874,000     $ 418,000  
Six months ended March 31, 2008
  $ 12,654,000     $ 5,179,000  
Three months ended March 31, 2008
  $ 4,863,000     $ 2,826,000  
Portfolio Performance (1)
                                         
                                    Total estimated  
            Cash Collections     Estimated     Total     Collections as a  
    Purchase     Including Cash     Remaining     Estimated     Percentage of  
Purchase Period   Price (2)     Sales (3)     Collections (4)     Collections (5)     Purchase Price  
2001
  $ 65,120,000     $ 105,391,000           $ 105,391,000       162 %
2002
    36,557,000       47,921,000             47,921,000       131 %
2003
    115,626,000       207,805,000     $ 1,967,000       209,772,000       181 %
2004
    103,743,000       175,948,000       1,322,000       177,270,000       171 %
2005
    126,023,000       194,724,000       29,843,000       224,567,000       178 %
2006
    163,392,000       218,991,000       55,140,000       274,131,000       168 %
2007
    109,235,000       68,921,000       78,521,000       147,442,000       135 %
2008
    25,622,000       21,926,000       15,971,000       37,897,000       148 %
2009
    2,681,000       813,000       2,804,000       3,617,000       135 %
     
(1)   Total collections do not represent full collections of the Company with respect to this or any other year.
 
(2)   Purchase price refers to the cash paid to a seller to acquire a portfolio less the purchase price refunded by a seller due to the return of non-compliant accounts (also defined as put-backs).
 
(3)   Net cash collections include: net collections from our third-party collection agencies and attorneys, net collections from our in-house efforts and collections represented by account sales.
 
(4)   Does not include estimated collections from portfolios that are zero bases.
 
(5)   Total estimated collections refers to the actual net cash collections, including cash sales, plus estimated remaining net collections.

 

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2009 the FASB issued FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” (“FSP 107-1”). FSP 107-1 expands disclosures for fair value of financial instruments that are within the scope of FASB statement number 107 (“SFAS 107”) and now requires the FAS 107 fair value disclosures in interim period reports. The FSP is effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009.
In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110 (“SAB 110”). This staff accounting bulletin (“SAB”) expresses the views of the staff regarding the use of a “simplified” method, as discussed in SAB No. 107 (“SAB 107”), in developing an estimate of expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment . In particular, the staff indicated in SAB 107 that it will accept a company’s election to use the simplified method, regardless of whether the company has sufficient information to make more refined estimates of expected term. At the time SAB 107 was issued, the staff believed that more detailed external information about employee exercise behavior (e.g., employee exercise patterns by industry and/or other categories of companies) would, over time, become readily available to companies. Therefore, the staff stated in SAB 107 that it would not expect a company to use the simplified method for share option grants after December 31, 2007. The staff understands that such detailed information about employee exercise behavior might not have been widely available by December 31, 2007. Accordingly, the staff will continue to accept, under certain circumstances, the use of the simplified method beyond December 31, 2007. This SAB does not have a material impact on the Company.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS No. 159”). The objective of SFAS No. 159 is to provide companies with the option to recognize most financial assets and liabilities and certain other items at fair value. Statement 159 will allow companies the opportunity to mitigate earnings volatility caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected should be reported in earnings. The fair value option election is applied on an instrument by instrument basis (with some exceptions), is irrevocable, and is applied to an entire instrument. The election may be made as of the date of initial adoption for existing eligible items. Subsequent to initial adoption, the Company may elect the fair value option at initial recognition of eligible items or on entering into an eligible firm commitment. The Company can only elect the fair value option after initial recognition in limited circumstances.
SFAS No. 159 requires similar assets and liabilities for which the Company has elected the fair value option to be displayed on the face of the balance sheet either (a) together with financial instruments measured using other measurement attributes with parenthetical disclosure of the amount measured at fair value or (b) in separate line items. In addition, SFAS No. 159 requires additional disclosures to allow financial statement users to compare similar assets and liabilities measured differently either within the financial statements of the Company or between financial statements of different companies.
SFAS No. 159 was required to be adopted by the Company on October 1, 2008. Early adoption was permitted; however, the Company did not adopt SFAS No. 159 prior to the required adoption date of October 1, 2008. The Company is required to adopt SFAS No. 159 concurrent with SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” The remeasurement to fair-value will be reported as a cumulative-effect adjustment in the opening balance of retained earnings. Additionally, any changes in fair value due to the concurrent adoption of SFAS No. 157 will be included in the cumulative-effect adjustment if the fair value option is also elected for that item.
The Company opted to not apply the fair value option to any of its financial assets or liabilities. If the Company elects to recognize items at fair value as a result of Statement 159, this could result in increased earnings volatility.
In September 2006 the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. Effective October 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157. The Statement defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not impact the Company’s financial reporting or disclosure requirements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to various types of market risk in the normal course of business, including the impact of interest rate changes and changes in corporate tax rates. A material change in these rates could adversely affect our operating results and cash flows. At March 31, 2009, our Credit Facility and our Receivable Financing Agreement, all of which is variable debt, had an outstanding balance of $44.8 million and $115.3 million, respectively. A 25 basis-point increase in interest rates would have increased our interest expense for the six month period ended March 31, 2009 by approximately $230,000 based on the average debt outstanding during the period. We do not currently invest in derivative financial or commodity instruments.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
a. Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

 

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b.   Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting.
During the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, the Company upgraded the system through which it records, reports and stores data relative to cash receipts. Additional controls were added to streamline the process. The system was tested by management and there were no material weaknesses noted during testing.
There have been no other changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter to which this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in numerous legal proceedings. We regularly initiate collection lawsuits, using our network of third party law firms, against consumers. Also, consumers occasionally initiate litigation against us, in which they allege that we have violated a federal or state law in the process of collecting their account. We do not believe that these ordinary course matters are material to our business and financial condition. As of the date of this Form 10-Q, we were not involved in any material litigation in which we were a defendant.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There were no material changes in any risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities & Exchange Commission on February 20, 2009, or the Report on Form 10-K/A filed with the Securities & Exchange Commission on March 13, 2009.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
The Company held its annual meeting on March 31, 2009. At that meeting, the following matter was voted on and received the votes indicated:
                 
    Authority  
Election of Directors   For     Withheld  
Gary Stern
    11,662,899       267,576  
Arthur Stern
    11,593,068       337,407  
Herman Badillo
    11,561,102       369,373  
David Slackman
    11,707,889       222,586  
Edward Celano
    11,674,951       255,524  
Harvey Leibowitz
    11,714,194       216,281  
Louis A. Piccolo
    11,713,530       216,530  
Ratification of Grant Thornton LLP as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
                                 
    For     Against     Abstain     Broker non-vote  
 
                               
Grant Thornton LLP
    11,878,261       45,025       7,195       0  
Item 5. Other Information
None.

 

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Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
         
  31.1    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer, Gary Stern, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
       
 
  31.2    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer, Robert J. Michel, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
       
 
  32.1    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer, Gary Stern, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
       
 
  32.2    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer, Robert J. Michel, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
             
    ASTA FUNDING, INC.    
    (Registrant)    
 
           
Date: May 8, 2009
  By:   /s/ Gary Stern
 
Gary Stern, Chairman, President,
   
 
      Chief Executive Officer    
 
      (Principal Executive Officer)    
 
           
Date: May 8, 2009
  By:   /s/ Robert J. Michel
 
Robert J. Michel, Chief Financial Officer
   
 
      (Principal Financial Officer and    
 
      Principal Accounting Officer)    

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX
         
Exhibit    
No.   Description
       
 
  31.1    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer, Gary Stern, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
       
 
  31.2    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer, Robert J. Michel, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
       
 
  32.1    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer, Gary Stern, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
       
 
  32.2    
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer, Robert J. Michel, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

41