t76423_10q.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013.   
 
o Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Transition Period From ______________________ to _________________________  
 
Commission file number 001-32265 (American Campus Communities, Inc.)
Commission file number 333-181102-01 (American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.)
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC.
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 Maryland (American Campus Communities, Inc.)
Maryland (American Campus Communities Operating
Partnership, L.P.)
 
 76-0753089 (American Campus Communities, Inc.)
56-2473181 (American Campus Communities Operating
Partnership, L.P.)
 (State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
 (IRS Employer Identification No.)
     
12700 Hill Country Blvd., Suite T-200
Austin, TX
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
78738
(Zip Code)
 
(512) 732-1000
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
American Campus Communities, Inc.
Yes x No o
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
Yes x No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
 
American Campus Communities, Inc.
Yes x No o
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
Yes x No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
American Campus Communities, Inc.
  Large accelerated filer x Accelerated Filer o
  Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
  Large accelerated filer o Accelerated Filer o
  Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)
 
American Campus Communities, Inc.
Yes o No x
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
Yes o No x
 
There were 104,776,745 shares of the American Campus Communities, Inc.’s common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share outstanding as of the close of business on May 3, 2013.
 
 
 

 
 
EXPLANATORY NOTE
 
This report combines the reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013 of American Campus Communities, Inc. and American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P..  Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “ACC” mean American Campus Communities, Inc. a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and references to “ACCOP” mean American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., a Maryland limited partnership.  References to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” mean collectively ACC, ACCOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ACC and/or ACCOP.  References to the “Operating Partnership” mean collectively ACCOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ACCOP. The following chart illustrates the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s corporate structure:
 
 
GRAPHIC
 
The general partner of ACCOP is American Campus Communities Holdings, LLC (“ACC Holdings”), an entity that is wholly-owned by ACC. As of March 31, 2013, ACC Holdings held an ownership interest in ACCOP of less than 1%. The limited partners of ACCOP are ACC and other limited partners consisting of current and former members of management and nonaffiliated third parties.  As of March 31, 2013, ACC owned an approximate 98.8% limited partnership interest in ACCOP.  As the sole member of the general partner of ACCOP, ACC has exclusive control of ACCOP’s day-to-day management.  Management operates the Company and the Operating Partnership as one business. The management of ACC consists of the same members as the management of ACCOP. The Company is structured as an umbrella partnership REIT (“UPREIT”) and ACC contributes all net proceeds from its various equity offerings to the Operating Partnership. In return for those contributions, ACC receives a number of units of the Operating Partnership (“OP Units,” see definition below) equal to the number of common shares it has issued in the equity offering. Contributions of properties to the Company can be structured as tax-deferred transactions through the issuance of OP Units in the Operating Partnership. Based on the terms of ACCOP’s partnership agreement, OP Units can be exchanged for ACC’s common shares on a one-for-one basis. The Company maintains a one-for-one relationship between the OP Units of the Operating Partnership issued to ACC and ACC Holdings and the common shares issued to the public. The Company believes that combining the reports on Form 10-Q of ACC and ACCOP into this single report provides the following benefits:
 
 
(1)
enhances investors’ understanding of the Company and the Operating Partnership by enabling investors to view the business as a whole in the same manner as management views and operates the business;
 
(2)
eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined and readable presentation since a substantial portion of the disclosure applies to both the Company and the Operating Partnership; and
 
(3)
creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.
 
 
 

 
 
ACC consolidates ACCOP for financial reporting purposes, and ACC essentially has no assets or liabilities other than its investment in ACCOP. Therefore, the assets and liabilities of the Company and the Operating Partnership are the same on their respective financial statements. However, the Company believes it is important to understand the few differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership in the context of how the entities operate as a consolidated company. All of the Company’s property ownership, development and related business operations are conducted through the Operating Partnership. ACC also issues public equity from time to time and guarantees certain debt of ACCOP, as disclosed in this report. ACC does not have any indebtedness, as all debt is incurred by the Operating Partnership. The Operating Partnership holds substantially all of the assets of the Company, including the Company’s ownership interests in its joint ventures. The Operating Partnership conducts the operations of the business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity.  Except for the net proceeds from ACC’s equity offerings, which are contributed to the capital of ACCOP in exchange for OP Units on a one-for-one common share per OP Unit basis, the Operating Partnership generates all remaining capital required by the Company’s business. These sources include, but are not limited to, the Operating Partnership’s working capital, net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under its credit facility, and proceeds received from the disposition of certain properties.  Noncontrolling interests, stockholders’ equity, and partners’ capital are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of the Company and those of the Operating Partnership. The noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements consist of the interests of unaffiliated partners in various consolidated joint ventures. The noncontrolling interests in the Company’s financial statements include the same noncontrolling interests at the Operating Partnership level and OP Unit holders of the Operating Partnership. The differences between stockholders’ equity and partners’ capital result from differences in the equity issued at the Company and Operating Partnership levels.
 
To help investors understand the significant differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership, this report provides separate consolidated financial statements for the Company and the Operating Partnership. A single set of consolidated notes to such financial statements is presented that includes separate discussions for the Company and the Operating Partnership when applicable (for example, noncontrolling interests, stockholders’ equity or partners’ capital, earnings per share or unit, etc.).  A combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section is also included that presents discrete information related to each entity, as applicable. This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4 Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for each of the Company and the Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that the Company and the Operating Partnership are compliant with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. §1350.
 
In order to highlight the differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership, the separate sections in this report for the Company and the Operating Partnership specifically refer to the Company and the Operating Partnership. In the sections that combine disclosure of the Company and the Operating Partnership, this report refers to actions or holdings as being actions or holdings of the Company. Although the Operating Partnership is generally the entity that directly or indirectly enters into contracts and joint ventures and holds assets and debt, reference to the Company is appropriate because the Company operates its business through the Operating Partnership. The separate discussions of the Company and the Operating Partnership in this report should be read in conjunction with each other to understand the results of the Company on a consolidated basis and how management operates the Company.
 
 
 

 
 
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2013
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
       
     
PAGE NO.
       
PART I.
     
       
Item 1.
Consolidated Financial Statements of American Campus Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries:
   
       
   
1
       
    2
       
   
3
       
    4
       
 
Consolidated Financial Statements of American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. and Subsidiaries:
   
       
   
5
       
    6
       
   
7
       
   
8
       
   
9
       
 
27
       
 
39
       
 
40
       
   
       
Item 1.   41
       
Item 1A.   41 
       
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   41
       
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities   41
       
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures   41
       
Item 5. Other Information   41
       
 
42
       
 
43
 
 
 

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
 
   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
   
(Unaudited)
       
Assets
           
             
Investments in real estate:
           
Wholly-owned properties, net
  $ 4,840,091     $ 4,871,376  
Wholly-owned properties held for sale
    87,304       -  
On-campus participating properties, net
    56,508       57,346  
Investments in real estate, net
    4,983,903       4,928,722  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
    15,033       21,454  
Restricted cash
    38,817       36,790  
Student contracts receivable, net
    6,475       14,122  
Other assets
    115,913       117,874  
                 
Total assets
  $ 5,160,141     $ 5,118,962  
                 
Liabilities and equity
               
                 
Liabilities:
               
Secured mortgage, construction and bond debt
  $ 1,516,407     $ 1,509,105  
Unsecured term loan
    350,000       350,000  
Unsecured revolving credit facility
    321,000       258,000  
Secured agency facility
    104,000       104,000  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    44,690       56,046  
Other liabilities
    104,294       107,223  
Total liabilities
    2,440,391       2,384,374  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
               
                 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
    56,736       57,534  
                 
Equity:
               
American Campus Communities, Inc. stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $.01 par value, 800,000,000 shares authorized, 104,776,745 and 104,665,212 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively
    1,043       1,043  
Additional paid in capital
    3,000,617       3,001,520  
Accumulated earnings and distributions
    (361,575 )     (347,521 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (5,848 )     (6,661 )
Total American Campus Communities, Inc. stockholders’ equity
    2,634,237       2,648,381  
Noncontrolling interests - partially owned properties
    28,777       28,673  
Total equity
    2,663,014       2,677,054  
                 
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 5,160,141     $ 5,118,962  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
1

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Revenues
           
Wholly-owned properties
  $ 154,756     $ 94,819  
On-campus participating properties
    8,102       7,967  
Third-party development services
    479       2,094  
Third-party management services
    1,709       1,758  
Resident services
    597       343  
Total revenues
    165,643       106,981  
                 
Operating expenses
               
Wholly-owned properties
    67,143       42,058  
On-campus participating properties
    2,504       2,495  
Third-party development and management services
    2,306       2,785  
General and administrative
    3,806       3,540  
Depreciation and amortization
    46,143       23,399  
Ground/facility leases
    1,203       964  
Total operating expenses
    123,105       75,241  
                 
Operating income
    42,538       31,740  
                 
Nonoperating income and (expenses)
               
Interest income
    427       516  
Interest expense
    (17,641 )     (12,845 )
Amortization of deferred financing costs
    (1,314 )     (986 )
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       444  
Other nonoperating expense
    (2,800 )     (122 )
Total nonoperating expenses
    (21,328 )     (12,993 )
                 
Income before income taxes and discontinued operations
    21,210       18,747  
Income tax provision
    (255 )     (156 )
Income from continuing operations
    20,955       18,591  
Income attributable to discontinued operations
    1,426       2,214  
Net income
    22,381       20,805  
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
               
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
    (279 )     (287 )
Partially owned properties
    (512 )     (492 )
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (791 )     (779 )
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 21,590     $ 20,026  
                 
Other comprehensive income
               
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
    813       3,404  
Comprehensive income
  $ 22,403     $ 23,430  
                 
Income per share attributable to common shareholders - basic
               
Income from continuing operations per share
  $ 0.19     $ 0.24  
Net income per share
  $ 0.20     $ 0.27  
                 
Income per share attributable to common shareholders - diluted
               
Income from continuing operations per share
  $ 0.19     $ 0.23  
Net income per share
  $ 0.20     $ 0.26  
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
               
Basic
    104,697,433       74,216,854  
Diluted
    105,364,769       74,864,447  
                 
Distributions declared per common share
  $ 0.3375     $ 0.3375  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
2

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(unaudited, in thousands, except share data)
 
   
Common 
Shares
   
Par Value of
Common
Shares
   
Additional Paid
in Capital
   
Accumulated
Earnings and
Distributions
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
   
Noncontrolling Interests –
partially owned
properties
   
Total
 
Equity, December 31, 2012
    104,665,212     $ 1,043     $ 3,001,520     $ (347,521 )   $ (6,661 )   $ 28,673     $ 2,677,054  
Adjustments to reflect redeemable noncontrolling interests at fair value
    -       -       649       -       -       -       649  
Amortization of restricted stock awards
    -       -       1,578       -       -       -       1,578  
Vesting of restricted stock awards
    111,533       -       (3,130 )     -       -       -       (3,130 )
Distributions to common and restricted stockholders
    -       -       -       (35,644 )     -       -       (35,644 )
Distributions to noncontrolling joint venture partners
    -       -       -       -       -       (408 )     (408 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
    -       -       -       -       813       -       813  
Net income
    -       -       -       21,590       -       512       22,102  
Equity, March 31, 2013
    104,776,745     $ 1,043     $ 3,000,617     $ (361,575 )   $ (5,848 )   $ 28,777     $ 2,663,014  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
3

 

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited, in thousands)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Operating activities
           
Net income
  $ 22,381     $ 20,805  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
     Non-cash litigation settlement expense
    2,800       -  
     Loss on remeasurement of equity method investment
    -       122  
     Depreciation and amortization
    46,971       24,399  
     Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt premiums/discounts
    (2,284 )     706  
     Share-based compensation
    1,578       1,297  
     Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       (444 )
     Income tax provision
    255       156  
     Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Restricted cash
    (922 )     3,298  
Student contracts receivable, net
    7,647       2,250  
Other assets
    (1,661 )     5,979  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (17,541 )     (9,800 )
Other liabilities
    (2,064 )     788  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    57,160       49,556  
                 
Investing activities
               
Cash paid for property acquisitions
    (263 )     (14,319 )
Cash paid for land acquisitions
    (138 )     (7,770 )
Capital expenditures for wholly-owned properties
    (12,348 )     (2,977 )
Investments in wholly-owned properties under development
    (87,226 )     (93,217 )
Capital expenditures for on-campus participating properties
    (335 )     (145 )
Investment in loan receivable
    -       (7,211 )
Repayment of mezzanine loan
    -       4,000  
Increase in escrow deposits
    -       (850 )
Change in restricted cash related to capital reserves
    (486 )     (81 )
Purchase of corporate furniture, fixtures and equipment
    (743 )     (579 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (101,539 )     (123,149 )
                 
Financing activities
               
Proceeds from sale of common stock
    -       75,000  
Offering costs
    -       (1,196 )
Pay-off of mortgage loans
    -       (16,180 )
Proceeds from unsecured term loan
    -       150,000  
Proceeds from credit facilities
    63,000       64,000  
Pay downs of credit facilities
    -       (187,000 )
Proceeds from construction loans
    14,544       31,243  
Principal payments on debt
    (4,252 )     (2,666 )
Change in construction accounts payable
    2,142       14  
Debt issuance and assumption costs
    (996 )     (3,169 )
Distributions to common and restricted stockholders
    (35,644 )     (25,423 )
Distributions to noncontrolling partners
    (836 )     (837 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    37,958       83,786  
                 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    (6,421 )     10,193  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    21,454       22,399  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 15,033     $ 32,592  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
               
Change in fair value of derivative instruments, net
  $ 813     $ 3,404  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
               
Interest paid
  $ 24,497     $ 16,226  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
4

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except unit data)
 
   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
   
(Unaudited)
       
Assets
           
             
Investments in real estate:
           
Wholly-owned properties, net
  $ 4,840,091     $ 4,871,376  
Wholly-owned properties held for sale
    87,304       -  
On-campus participating properties, net
    56,508       57,346  
Investments in real estate, net
    4,983,903       4,928,722  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
    15,033       21,454  
Restricted cash
    38,817       36,790  
Student contracts receivable, net
    6,475       14,122  
Other assets
    115,913       117,874  
                 
Total assets
  $ 5,160,141     $ 5,118,962  
                 
Liabilities and capital
               
                 
Liabilities:
               
Secured mortgage, construction and bond debt
  $ 1,516,407     $ 1,509,105  
Unsecured term loan
    350,000       350,000  
Unsecured revolving credit facility
    321,000       258,000  
Secured agency facility
    104,000       104,000  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    44,690       56,046  
Other liabilities
    104,294       107,223  
Total liabilities
    2,440,391       2,384,374  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
               
                 
Redeemable limited partners
    56,736       57,534  
                 
Capital:
               
Partners’ capital:
               
General partner – 12,222 OP units outstanding at both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012
    114       116  
Limited partner – 104,764,523 and 104,652,990 OP units outstanding at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively
    2,639,971       2,654,926  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (5,848 )     (6,661 )
Total partners’ capital
    2,634,237       2,648,381  
Noncontrolling interests - partially owned properties
    28,777       28,673  
Total capital
    2,663,014       2,677,054  
                 
Total liabilities and capital
  $ 5,160,141     $ 5,118,962  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
5

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(unaudited, in thousands, except unit and per unit data)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Revenues
           
Wholly-owned properties
  $ 154,756     $ 94,819  
On-campus participating properties
    8,102       7,967  
Third-party development services
    479       2,094  
Third-party management services
    1,709       1,758  
Resident services
    597       343  
Total revenues
    165,643       106,981  
                 
Operating expenses
               
Wholly-owned properties
    67,143       42,058  
On-campus participating properties
    2,504       2,495  
Third-party development and management services
    2,306       2,785  
General and administrative
    3,806       3,540  
Depreciation and amortization
    46,143       23,399  
Ground/facility leases
    1,203       964  
Total operating expenses
    123,105       75,241  
                 
Operating income
    42,538       31,740  
                 
Nonoperating income and (expenses)
               
Interest income
    427       516  
Interest expense
    (17,641 )     (12,845 )
Amortization of deferred financing costs
    (1,314 )     (986 )
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       444  
Other nonoperating expense
    (2,800 )     (122 )
Total nonoperating expenses
    (21,328 )     (12,993 )
                 
Income before income taxes and discontinued operations
    21,210       18,747  
Income tax provision
    (255 )     (156 )
Income from continuing operations
    20,955       18,591  
Income attributable to discontinued operations
    1,426       2,214  
Net income
    22,381       20,805  
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests – partially owned properties
    (512 )     (492 )
Net income attributable to American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
    21,869       20,313  
Series A preferred unit distributions
    (46 )     (46 )
Net income available to common unitholders
  $ 21,823     $ 20,267  
                 
Other comprehensive income
               
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
    813       3,404  
Comprehensive income
  $ 22,636     $ 23,671  
                 
Income per unit attributable to common unitholders –  basic
               
Income from continuing operations per unit
  $ 0.19     $ 0.24  
Net income per unit
  $ 0.20     $ 0.27  
                 
Income per unit attributable to common unitholders –  diluted
               
    Income from continuing operations per unit
  $ 0.19     $ 0.23  
    Net income per unit
  $ 0.20     $ 0.26  
Weighted-average common units outstanding
               
Basic
    105,830,509       75,116,289  
Diluted
    106,497,845       75,763,882  
Distributions declared per common unit
  $ 0.3375     $ 0.3375  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
6

 

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL
(unaudited, in thousands, except unit data)
 
                                    Accumulated       Noncontrolling            
      General Partner       Limited Partner     Other       Interests -           
                Comprehensive       Partially Owned            
     
Units
     
Amount
      Units      
Amount
    Loss     Properties     Total  
Capital as of December 31, 2012
    12,222     $ 116       104,652,990     $ 2,654,926     $ (6,661 )   $ 28,673     $ 2,677,054  
Adjustments to reflect redeemable limited partners’ interest at fair value
    -       -       -       649       -       -       649  
Amortization of restricted stock awards
    -       -       -       1,578       -       -       1,578  
Vesting of restricted stock awards
    -       -       111,533       (3,130 )     -       -       (3,130 )
Distributions
    -       (4 )     -       (35,640 )     -       -       (35,644 )
Distributions to noncontrolling joint venture partners
    -       -       -       -       -       (408 )     (408 )
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
    -       -       -       -       813       -       813  
Net income
    -       2       -       21,588       -       512       22,102  
Capital as of March 31, 2013
    12,222     $ 114       104,764,523     $ 2,639,971     $ (5,848 )   $ 28,777     $ 2,663,014  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
7

 

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited, in thousands)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Operating activities
           
Net income
  $ 22,381     $ 20,805  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
     Non-cash litigation settlement expense
    2,800       -  
     Loss on remeasurement of equity method investment
    -       122  
     Depreciation and amortization
    46,971       24,399  
     Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt premiums/discounts
    (2,284 )     706  
     Share-based compensation
    1,578       1,297  
     Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       (444 )
     Income tax provision
    255       156  
     Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
              Restricted cash
    (922 )     3,298  
              Student contracts receivable, net
    7,647       2,250  
              Other assets
    (1,661 )     5,979  
              Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (17,541 )     (9,800 )
              Other liabilities
    (2,064 )     788  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    57,160       49,556  
                 
Investing activities
               
     Cash paid for property acquisitions
    (263 )     (14,319 )
     Cash paid for land acquisitions
    (138 )     (7,770 )
     Capital expenditures for wholly-owned properties
    (12,348 )     (2,977 )
     Investments in wholly-owned properties under development
    (87,226 )     (93,217 )
     Capital expenditures for on-campus participating properties
    (335 )     (145 )
     Investment in loan receivable
    -       (7,211 )
     Repayment of mezzanine loan
    -       4,000  
     Increase in escrow deposits
    -       (850 )
     Change in restricted cash related to capital reserves
    (486 )     (81 )
     Purchase of corporate furniture, fixtures and equipment
    (743 )     (579 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (101,539 )     (123,149 )
                 
Financing activities
               
     Proceeds from issuance of common units in exchange for contributions, net
    -       73,804  
     Pay-off of mortgage loans
    -       (16,180 )
     Proceeds from unsecured term loan
    -       150,000  
     Proceeds from credit facilities
    63,000       64,000  
     Paydowns of credit facilities
    -       (187,000 )
     Proceeds from construction loans
    14,544       31,243  
     Principal payments on debt
    (4,252 )     (2,666 )
     Change in construction accounts payable
    2,142       14  
     Debt issuance and assumption costs
    (996 )     (3,169 )
     Distributions paid on unvested restricted stock awards
    (272 )     (258 )
     Distributions paid on common units
    (35,754 )     (25,468 )
     Distributions paid on preferred units
    (46 )     (46 )
     Distributions paid to noncontrolling partners - partially owned properties
    (408 )     (488 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    37,958       83,786  
                 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    (6,421 )     10,193  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    21,454       22,399  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 15,033     $ 32,592  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
               
Change in fair value of derivative instruments, net
  $ 813     $ 3,404  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
               
Interest paid
  $ 24,497     $ 16,226  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
8

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
1.
Organization and Description of Business
 
American Campus Communities, Inc. (“ACC”) is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that commenced operations effective with the completion of an initial public offering (“IPO”) on August 17, 2004. Through ACC’s controlling interest in American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. (“ACCOP”), ACC is one of the largest owners, managers and developers of high quality student housing properties in the United States in terms of beds owned and under management. ACC is a fully integrated, self-managed and self-administered equity REIT with expertise in the acquisition, design, financing, development, construction management, leasing and management of student housing properties. ACC’s common stock is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “ACC.”
 
The general partner of ACCOP is American Campus Communities Holdings, LLC (“ACC Holdings”), an entity that is wholly-owned by ACC.  As of March 31, 2013, ACC Holdings held an ownership interest in ACCOP of less than 1%. The limited partners of ACCOP are ACC and other limited partners consisting of current and former members of management and nonaffiliated third parties.  As of March 31, 2013, ACC owned an approximate 98.8% limited partnership interest in ACCOP.  As the sole member of the general partner of ACCOP, ACC has exclusive control of ACCOP’s day-to-day management.  Management operates ACC and ACCOP as one business.  The management of ACC consists of the same members as the management of ACCOP.  ACC consolidates ACCOP for financial reporting purposes, and ACC does not have significant assets other than its investment in ACCOP.  Therefore, the assets and liabilities of ACC and ACCOP are the same on their respective financial statements.  References to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” mean collectively ACC, ACCOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ACC and/or ACCOP.  References to the “Operating Partnership” mean collectively ACCOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ACCOP.  Unless otherwise indicated, the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements apply to both the Company and the Operating Partnership.
 
As of March 31, 2013, our property portfolio contained 160 properties with approximately 98,900 beds in approximately 31,900 apartment units.  Our property portfolio consisted of 143 owned off-campus student housing properties that are in close proximity to colleges and universities, 13 American Campus Equity (“ACE®”) properties operated under ground/facility leases with six university systems and four on-campus participating properties operated under ground/facility leases with the related university systems.  Of the 160 properties, nine were under development as well as an additional phase under development at an existing property as of March 31, 2013, and when completed will consist of a total of approximately 6,200 beds in approximately 1,700 units.  Our communities contain modern housing units and are supported by a resident assistant system and other student-oriented programming, with many offering resort-style amenities.
 
Through one of ACC’s taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”), we also provide construction management and development services, primarily for student housing properties owned by colleges and universities, charitable foundations, and others.  As of March 31, 2013, also through one of ACC’s TRSs, we provided third-party management and leasing services for 30 properties that represented approximately 23,700 beds in approximately 9,400 units.  Third-party management and leasing services are typically provided pursuant to management contracts that have initial terms that range from one to five years.  As of March 31, 2013, our total owned and third-party managed portfolio included 190 properties with approximately 122,600 beds in approximately 41,300 units.
 
2.       Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying consolidated financial statements, presented in U.S. dollars, are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Our actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. All material intercompany transactions among consolidated entities have been eliminated. All dollar amounts in the tables herein, except share, per share, unit and per unit amounts, are stated in thousands unless otherwise indicated. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
 
 
9

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
Interim Financial Statements
 
The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited, but have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Accordingly, they do not include all disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring matters) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements of the Company for these interim periods have been included.  Because of the seasonal nature of the Company’s operations, the results of operations and cash flows for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for other interim periods or for the full year.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Investments in Real Estate
 
Investments in real estate are recorded at historical cost.  Major improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.  The cost of ordinary repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred.  Depreciation and amortization are recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
 
Buildings and improvements
 
7-40 years
Leasehold interest - on-campus
   participating properties
 
25-34 years (shorter of useful life or respective lease term)
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
 
3-7 years
 
Project costs directly associated with the development and construction of an owned real estate project, which include interest, property taxes, and amortization of deferred finance costs, are capitalized as construction in progress.  Upon completion of the project, costs are transferred into the applicable asset category and depreciation commences.  Interest totaling approximately $2.3 million and $2.5 million was capitalized during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively.  Amortization of deferred financing costs totaling approximately $0.1 million was capitalized as construction in progress during both three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively.
 
Management assesses whether there has been an impairment in the value of the Company’s investments in real estate whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.  Impairment is recognized when estimated expected future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the property.  The estimation of expected future net cash flows is inherently uncertain and relies on assumptions regarding current and future economics and market conditions.  If such conditions change, then an adjustment to the carrying value of the Company’s long-lived assets could occur in the future period in which the conditions change.  To the extent that a property is impaired, the excess of the carrying amount of the property over its estimated fair value is charged to earnings. The Company believes that there were no impairments of the carrying values of its investments in real estate as of March 31, 2013.
 
 
10

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired properties to net tangible and identified intangible assets based on relative fair values.  Fair value estimates are based on information obtained from a number of sources, including independent appraisals that may be obtained in connection with the acquisition or financing of the respective property, our own analysis of recently acquired and existing comparable properties in our portfolio, and other market data.  Information obtained about each property as a result of due diligence, marketing and leasing activities is also considered.  The value allocated to land is generally based on the actual purchase price adjusted to fair value (as necessary) if acquired separately, or market research / comparables if acquired as part of an existing operating property.  The value allocated to building is based on the fair value determined on an “as-if vacant” basis, which is estimated using an income, or discounted cash flow, approach that relies upon internally determined assumptions that we believe are consistent with current market conditions for similar properties. The value allocated to furniture, fixtures, and equipment is based on an estimate of the fair value of the appliances and fixtures inside the units.
 
Long-Lived Assets–Held for Sale
 
Long-lived assets to be disposed of are classified as held for sale in the period in which all of the following criteria are met:
 
 
a.
Management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset.
 
 
b.
The asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets.
 
 
c.
An active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the asset have been initiated.
 
 
d.
The sale of the asset is probable, and transfer of the asset is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale, within one year.
 
 
e.
The asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value.
 
 
f.
Actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.
 
Concurrent with this classification, the asset is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs, and depreciation ceases.
 
Intangible Assets
 
A portion of the purchase price of acquired properties is allocated to the value of in-place leases for both student and commercial tenants, which is based on the difference between (i) the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and (ii) the property valued “as-if” vacant.  As lease terms for student leases are typically one year or less, rates on in-place leases generally approximate market rental rates.  Factors considered in the valuation of in-place leases include an estimate of the carrying costs during the expected lease-up period considering current market conditions, nature of the tenancy, and costs to execute similar leases.  Carrying costs include estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up period, as well as marketing and other operating expenses.  The value of in-place leases is amortized over the remaining initial term of the respective leases.  The purchase price of property acquisitions is not expected to be allocated to student tenant relationships, considering the terms of the leases and the expected levels of renewals.
 
Amortization expense related to in-place leases was approximately $5.5 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  Accumulated amortization at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was approximately $17.6 million and $12.4 million, respectively.  Intangible assets, net of amortization, are included in other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the amortization of intangible assets is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  
 
 
11

 

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
Debt Premiums and Discounts
 
Debt premiums and discounts represent fair value adjustments to account for the difference between the stated rates and market rates of debt assumed in connection with the Company’s property acquisitions.  The debt premiums and discounts are amortized to interest expense over the term of the related loans using the effective-interest method.  The amortization of debt premiums and discounts resulted in a net decrease to interest expense of approximately $3.6 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, net unamortized debt premiums were approximately $86.1 million and $90.1 million, respectively, and net unamortized debt discounts were approximately $3.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively.  Debt premiums and discounts are included in secured mortgage, construction and bond debt on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and amortization of debt premiums and discounts is included in interest expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership / Redeemable Limited Partners
 
The Company classifies Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership / Redeemable Limited Partners in the mezzanine section of the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for the portion of common and preferred Operating Partnership units (“OP Units”) that the Operating Partnership is required, either by contract or securities law, to deliver registered common shares of ACC to the exchanging OP unit holder.  The redeemable noncontrolling interest units / redeemable limited partner units are adjusted to the greater of carrying value or fair market value based on the common share price of ACC at the end of each respective reporting period.
 
Third-Party Development Services Revenue and Costs
 
Pre-development expenditures such as architectural fees, permits and deposits associated with the pursuit of third-party and owned development projects are expensed as incurred, until such time that management believes it is probable that the contract will be executed and/or construction will commence.  Because the Company frequently incurs these pre-development expenditures before a financing commitment and/or required permits and authorizations have been obtained, the Company bears the risk of loss of these pre-development expenditures if financing cannot ultimately be arranged on acceptable terms or the Company is unable to successfully obtain the required permits and authorizations.  As such, management evaluates the status of third-party and owned projects that have not yet commenced construction on a periodic basis and expenses any deferred costs related to projects whose current status indicates the commencement of construction is unlikely and/or the costs may not provide future value to the Company in the form of revenues.  Such write-offs are included in third-party development and management services expenses (in the case of third-party development projects) or general and administrative expenses (in the case of owned development projects) on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  As of March 31, 2013, the Company has deferred approximately $3.3 million in pre-development costs related to third-party and owned development projects that have not yet commenced construction.  Such costs are included in other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
 
Earnings per Share – Company
 
Basic earnings per share is computed using net income attributable to common shareholders and the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per share reflect common shares issuable from the assumed conversion of OP Units and common share awards granted.  Only those items having a dilutive impact on basic earnings per share are included in diluted earnings per share.
 
 
12

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
The following potentially dilutive securities were outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effects of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
  Common OP Units (Note 9)
    1,133,076       899,435  
  Preferred OP Units (Note 9)
    114,128       114,128  
  Total potentially dilutive securities
    1,247,204       1,013,563  
 
The following is a summary of the elements used in calculating basic earnings per share:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Basic earnings per share calculation:
           
Income from continuing operations
  $ 20,955     $ 18,591  
Income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (775 )     (749 )
Income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders
    20,180       17,842  
Amount allocated to participating securities
    (272 )     (258 )
Income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, net of amount allocated to participating securities
    19,908       17,584  
                 
Income from discontinued operations
    1,426       2,214  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (16 )     (30 )
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shareholders
    1,410       2,184  
Net income attributable to common shareholders, as adjusted – basic
  $ 21,318     $ 19,768  
                 
Income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, as adjusted – per share
  $ 0.19     $ 0.24  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shareholders – per share
  $ 0.01     $ 0.03  
Net income attributable to common shareholders, as adjusted – per share
  $ 0.20     $ 0.27  
                 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
    104,697,433       74,216,854  
             
Diluted earnings per share calculation:
           
Income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, net of amount allocated to participating securities
  $ 19,908     $ 17,584  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shareholders
    1,410       2,184  
Net income attributable to common shareholders, as adjusted – diluted
  $ 21,318     $ 19,768  
                 
Income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, net of amount allocated to participating securities – per share
  $ 0.19     $ 0.23  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shareholders – per share
  $ 0.01     $ 0.03  
 
 
13

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Net income attributable to common shareholders-per share
  $ 0.20     $ 0.26  
                 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
    104,697,433       74,216,854  
Restricted Stock Awards (Note 10)
    667,336       647,593  
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
    105,364,769       74,864,447  
 
Earnings per Unit – Operating Partnership
 
Basic earnings per OP Unit is computed using net income attributable to common unitholders and the weighted average number of common units outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per OP Unit reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue OP Units were exercised or converted into OP Units or resulted in the issuance of OP Units and then shared in the earnings of the Operating Partnership.
 
The following is a summary of the elements used in calculating basic earnings per unit:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Basic earnings per unit calculation:
           
Income from continuing operations
  $ 20,955     $ 18,591  
Income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests – partially owned properties
    (512 )     (492 )
Income from continuing operations attributable to Series A preferred units
    (45 )     (43 )
Amount allocated to participating securities
    (272 )     (258 )
Income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders, net of amount allocated to participating securities
    20,126       17,798  
Income from discontinued operations
    1,426       2,214  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Series A preferred unit distributions
    (1 )     (3 )
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common unitholders
    1,425       2,211  
Net income attributable to common unitholders, as adjusted – basic
  $ 21,551     $ 20,009  
                 
Income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders, as adjusted – per unit
  $ 0.19     $ 0.24  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common unitholders – per unit
  $ 0.01     $ 0.03  
Net income attributable to common unitholders, as adjusted – per unit
  $ 0.20     $ 0.27  
                 
Basic weighted average common units outstanding
    105,830,509       75,116,289  
 
 
14

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Diluted earnings per unit calculation:
           
Income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders, net of amount allocated to participating securities
  $ 20,126     $ 17,798  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common unitholders
    1,425       2,211  
Net income attributable to common unitholders, as adjusted
  $ 21,551     $ 20,009  
                 
Income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders, net of amount allocated to participating securities – per unit
  $ 0.19     $ 0.23  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common unitholders – per unit
  $ 0.01     $ 0.03  
Net income attributable to common unitholders- per unit
  $ 0.20     $ 0.26  
                 
Basic weighted average common units outstanding
    105,830,509       75,116,289  
Restricted Stock Awards (Note 10)
    667,336       647,593  
Diluted weighted average common units outstanding
    106,497,845       75,763,882  
 
3.  Property Dispositions and Discontinued Operations
 
As of March 31, 2013, four owned off-campus properties were classified as Held for Sale on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  These four properties are The Village at Blacksburg, State College Park, University Mills and University Pines.  Concurrent with this classification, these properties were recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs.  The net income attributable to these properties is included in discontinued operations on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income for all periods presented.
 
In 2012, the Company sold three owned off-campus properties, located in Wilmington, North Carolina (Brookstone Village and Campus Walk) and Greenville, North Carolina (Pirates Cove) containing 1,584 beds for a combined sales price of approximately $54.1 million.  The net income attributable to these properties is included in discontinued operations on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
The properties discussed above are included in the wholly-owned properties segment (see Note 14).  Below is a summary of the results of operations for the properties discussed above:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Total revenues
  $ 3,959     $ 5,924  
Total operating expenses
    (1,425 )     (2,258 )
Depreciation and amortization
    (828 )     (1,000 )
Operating income
    1,706       2,666  
Total nonoperating expenses
    (280 )     (452 )
Net income
  $ 1,426     $ 2,214  
 
 
15

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
4.  Investments in Wholly-Owned Properties
 
Wholly-owned properties consisted of the following:
 
   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
Land (1) (2) (3)
  $ 539,713     $ 550,274  
Buildings and improvements
    4,268,527       4,351,239  
Furniture, fixtures and equipment (2)
    225,638       227,409  
Construction in progress (2) (3)
    222,716       138,923  
      5,256,594       5,267,845  
Less accumulated depreciation
    (416,503 )     (396,469 )
Wholly-owned properties, net (4)
  $ 4,840,091     $ 4,871,376  
 
(1)
The land balance above includes undeveloped land parcels with book values of approximately $30.7 million as of both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.  Also includes land totaling approximately $41.6 million as of both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, related to properties under development.
 
(2)
Land, furniture, fixtures and equipment and construction in progress as of March 31, 2013 include $7.7 million, $0.6 million and $14.8 million, respectively, related to the Townhomes at Newtown Crossing property located in Lexington, Kentucky, that will serve students attending the University of Kentucky.  In July 2012, the Company entered into a purchase and contribution agreement with a private developer whereby the Company is obligated to purchase the property as long as the developer meets certain construction completion deadlines and other closing conditions.  The development of the property is anticipated to be completed in August 2013.  The entity that owns Townhomes at Newtown Crossing is deemed to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”), and the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE.  As such, the assets and liabilities of the entity owning the property are included in the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s consolidated financial statements.
 
(3)
Land and construction in progress as of March 31, 2013 include $3.3 million and $12.0 million, respectively, related to an additional phase currently under development at The Lodges of East Lansing located in East Lansing, Michigan that will serve students attending Michigan State University.  Concurrent with the purchase of the Kayne Anderson Portfolio on November 30, 2012, the Company entered into a purchase and sale agreement whereby the Company is obligated to purchase this additional phase as long as the developer meets certain construction completion deadlines and other closing conditions.  The development of the additional phase is anticipated to be completed in September 2013.  The entity that owns The Lodges of East Lansing Phase II is deemed to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”), and the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE.  As such, the assets and liabilities of the entity owning the property are included in the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s consolidated financial statements.
 
(4)
The balances above exclude the net book value of four properties, The Village at Blacksburg, State College Park, University Mills and University Pines which were classified as wholly-owned properties held for sale in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2013.
 
 
16

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
5.  On-Campus Participating Properties
 
On-campus participating properties are as follows:
 
           
Historical Cost
 
Lessor/University
 
Lease
Commencement
 
Required Debt
Repayment (1)
 
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
Texas A&M University System /
Prairie View A&M University (2)
 
2/1/96
 
9/1/23
  $ 41,587     $ 41,485  
                         
Texas A&M University System /
Texas A&M International
 
2/1/96
 
9/1/23
    6,663       6,651  
                         
Texas A&M University System /
Prairie View A&M University (3)
 
10/1/99
 
8/31/25/
8/31/28
    25,937       25,766  
                         
University of Houston System /
University of Houston (4)
 
9/27/00
 
8/31/35
    35,986       35,936  
              110,173       109,838  
Less accumulated amortization
            (53,665 )     (52,492 )
On-campus participating properties, net
          $ 56,508     $ 57,346  
 
(1)
Represents the effective lease termination date.  The Leases terminate upon the earlier to occur of the final repayment of the related debt or the end of the contractual lease term.
 
(2)
Consists of three phases placed in service between 1996 and 1998.
 
(3)
Consists of two phases placed in service in 2000 and 2003.
 
(4)
Consists of two phases placed in service in 2001 and 2005.
 
6.   Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
 
As of March 31, 2013, the Company owned a noncontrolling interest in one unconsolidated joint venture that is accounted for utilizing the equity method of accounting.  The investment consists of a noncontrolling equity interest in a joint venture with the United States Navy that owns military housing privatization projects located on naval bases in Norfolk and Newport News, Virginia.  In 2010, the Company discontinued applying the equity method in regards to its investment in this joint venture as a result of the Company’s share of losses exceeding its investment in the joint venture.  Because the Company has not guaranteed any obligations of the investee and is not otherwise committed to provide further financial support to the investee, it therefore suspended recording its share of losses once the investment was reduced to zero.  We also earn fees for providing management services to this joint venture, which totaled approximately $0.4 million for each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
 
 
17

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
7.   Debt
 
A summary of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness, including unamortized debt premiums and discounts, is as follows:
 
   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
Debt secured by wholly-owned properties:
           
Mortgage loans payable
  $ 1,284,965     $ 1,288,482  
Construction loans payable (1)
    71,899       57,355  
      1,356,864       1,345,837  
Debt secured by on-campus participating properties:
               
Mortgage loan payable
    31,652       31,768  
Bonds payable
    44,915       44,915  
      76,567       76,683  
                 
Unsecured revolving credit facility
    321,000       258,000  
Unsecured term loan
    350,000       350,000  
Secured agency facility
    104,000       104,000  
Unamortized debt premiums
    86,118       90,091  
Unamortized debt discounts
    (3,142 )     (3,506 )
Total debt
  $ 2,291,407     $ 2,221,105  
 
(1)
Construction loans payable as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 includes $27.3 million and $12.7 million, respectively, related to two constructions loans that are financing the development and construction of Townhomes at Newtown Crossing and The Lodges of East Lansing Phase II, both VIEs the Company is including in its consolidated financial statements (see Note 4). The creditors of these construction loans do not have recourse to the assets of the Company.
 
Unsecured Credit Facility
 
The Company has an aggregate Credit Facility of $800 million, which is composed of a $350 million unsecured term loan and a $450 million unsecured revolving credit facility, and may be expanded by up to an additional $100 million upon the satisfaction of certain conditions.  The maturity dates of the unsecured term loan and unsecured revolving credit facility are January 10, 2017 and January 10, 2016, respectively.  The maturity date of the unsecured revolving credit facility can be extended for an additional 12 months to January 10, 2017, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions.
 
Each loan bears interest at a variable rate, at the Company’s option, based upon a base rate or one-, two-, three- or six-month LIBOR, plus, in each case, a spread based upon the Company's investment grade rating from either Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s Rating Group.  The Company has entered into multiple interest rate swaps with notional amounts totaling $350 million that effectively fix the interest rate to 2.54% (0.89% + 1.65% spread) on the outstanding balance of the unsecured term loan (see Note 11 for more details).
 
Availability under the revolving credit facility is limited to an "aggregate borrowing base amount" equal to 60% of the value of the Company’s unencumbered properties, calculated as set forth in the Credit Facility.  Additionally, the Company is required to pay a facility fee of 0.30% per annum on the $450 million revolving credit facility.  As of March 31, 2013, the revolving credit facility bore interest at a weighted average annual rate of 1.96% (inclusive of the facility fee discussed above), and availability under the revolving credit facility totaled $129.0 million.
 
The terms of the Credit Facility include certain restrictions and covenants, which limit, among other items, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, liens, and the disposition of assets.  The facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and also contains financial covenants that, among other things, require the Company to maintain certain minimum ratios of "EBITDA" (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) to fixed charges and total indebtedness.  The Company may not pay distributions that exceed a specified percentage of funds from operations, as adjusted, for any four consecutive quarters.  The financial covenants also include consolidated net worth and leverage ratio tests.  As of March 31, 2013, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.
 
 
18

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
Secured Agency Facility
 
The Company has a $125 million secured revolving credit facility with a Freddie Mac lender.  The facility has a five-year term and is currently secured by 10 properties referred to as the “Collateral Pool.”  The facility bears interest at one- or three-month LIBOR plus a spread that varies based on the debt service ratio of the Collateral Pool.  Additionally, the Company is required to pay an unused commitment fee of 1.0% per annum.  As of March 31, 2013, the secured agency facility bore interest at a weighted average annual rate of 2.25%.  The secured agency facility includes some, but not all, of the same financial covenants as the unsecured credit facility, described above.  As of March 31, 2013, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.
 
8.  Stockholders’ Equity / Partners’ Capital
 
In March 2013, the Company established a new at-the-market share offering program (the “ATM Equity Program”) through which the Company may issue and sell, from time to time, shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $500 million.  Actual sales under the program will depend on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s common stock and determinations of the appropriate sources of funding for the Company.  The Company has not sold any shares under the ATM Equity Program and has $500.0 million available for issuance under this program as of March 31, 2013.
 
9.   Noncontrolling Interests
 
Operating Partnership
 
Partially-owned properties: As of March 31, 2013, the Operating Partnership consolidates four joint ventures that own and operate The Varsity, University Village at Sweet Home, University Centre and Villas at Chestnut Ridge owned-off campus properties.  The portion of net assets attributable to the third-party partners in these joint ventures is classified as “noncontrolling interests - partially owned properties” within capital on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of the Operating Partnership.  Accordingly, the third-party partners’ share of the income or loss of the joint ventures is reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income of the Operating Partnership as “net income attributable to noncontrolling interests – partially owned properties.”
 
OP Units:  For the portion of OP Units that the Operating Partnership is required, either by contract or securities law, to deliver registered common shares of ACC to the exchanging OP unit holder, or for which the Operating Partnership has the intent or history of exchanging such units for cash, we classify the units as “redeemable limited partners” in the mezzanine section of the consolidated balance sheets of the Operating Partnership and “redeemable noncontrolling interests” in the mezzanine section of the consolidated balance sheets of ACC.  The units classified as such include Series A preferred units as well as common units that are not held by ACC or ACC Holdings.  The value of redeemable limited partners/redeemable noncontrolling interests on the consolidated balance sheets is reported at the greater of fair value or historical cost at the end of each reporting period.  Changes in the value from period to period are charged to limited partner’s capital on the consolidated statement of changes in capital of the Operating Partnership and to additional paid in capital on the consolidated statement of changes in equity of ACC.  Below is a table summarizing the activity of redeemable limited partners/redeemable noncontrolling interests for the three months ended March 31, 2013:
 
Balance, December 31, 2012
  $ 57,534  
Net income
    279  
Distributions
    (428 )
Adjustments to reflect redeemable limited partner units at fair value
    (649 )
Balance, March 31, 2013
  $ 56,736  
 
 
19

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
During the year ended December 31, 2012, 88,457 common OP units were converted into an equal number of shares of ACC’s common stock and none were converted during the three months ended March 31, 2013.  As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, approximately 1.2% of the equity interests of the Operating Partnership were held by owners of common OP Units and Series A preferred units not held by ACC or ACC Holdings.
 
Company
 
The noncontrolling interests of the Company include the third-party equity interests in partially-owned properties, as discussed above, which are presented as a component of equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.  The Company’s noncontrolling interests also include the redeemable limited partners presented in the consolidated balance sheets of the Operating Partnership, which are referred to as “redeemable noncontrolling interests” in the mezzanine section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.  Noncontrolling interests on the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income include the income/loss attributable to third-party equity interests in partially-owned properties, as well as the income/loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (i.e. OP Units not held by ACC or ACC Holdings.)
 
10. Incentive Award Plan
 
Restricted Stock Awards (“RSAs”)
 
A summary of ACC’s RSAs under the Plan as of March 31, 2013 and activity during the three months then ended, is presented below:
 
   
Number of
RSAs
 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2012
    575,668  
Granted
    230,800  
Vested
    (111,533 )
Forfeited
    (75,581 )
Nonvested balance at March 31, 2013
    619,354  
 
The fair value of RSA’s is calculated based on the closing market value of ACC’s common stock on the date of grant.  The fair value of these awards is amortized to expense over the vesting periods, which amounted to approximately $1.6 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
 
11. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
 
The Company is exposed to certain risk arising from both its business operations and economic conditions.  The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities.  The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its debt funding and the use of derivative financial instruments.  Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates.  The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to the Company’s investments and borrowings.
 
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
 
The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements.  To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy.  Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.  The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.  No portion of designated hedges was ineffective during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
 
 
20

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
  
As discussed in Note 7, the Company has four interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts totaling $350 million to hedge the variable cash flows associated with interest payments on the LIBOR-based unsecured term loan.  In addition, the Company has an interest rate swap contract with a notional amount of $31.7 million used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with the Cullen Oaks Phase I and Phase II loans.
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding interest rate swap contracts as of March 31, 2013:
 
Date Entered
 
Effective Date
 
Maturity Date
 
Pay Fixed Rate
 
Receive Floating
Rate Index
 
Notional
Amount
   
Fair Value
 
Feb. 12, 2007
 
Feb. 15, 2007
 
Feb. 15, 2014
    6.689%  
LIBOR – 1 mo. plus 1.35%
  $ 31,652     $ (1,418 )
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Jan. 2, 2017
    0.8695%  
LIBOR – 1 month
    125,000       (1,531 )
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Jan. 2, 2017
    0.88%  
LIBOR – 1 month
    100,000       (1,267 )
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Jan. 2, 2017
    0.8875%  
LIBOR – 1 month
    62,500       (817 )
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Feb. 2, 2012
 
Jan. 2, 2017
    0.889%  
LIBOR – 1 month
    62,500       (815 )
                 
Total
  $ 381,652     $ (5,848 )
 
The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012:
 
   
Derivative Liabilities as of
 
   
March 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
Description
 
 
Balance Sheet
Location
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Balance Sheet
Location
 
 
Fair Value
 
Interest rate swaps contracts
 
Other liabilities
  $ 5,848  
Other liabilities
  $ 6,661  
Total derivatives designated as
  hedging instruments
      $ 5,848       $ 6,661  
 
12.   Fair Value Disclosures
 
The following table presents information about the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value.  In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities the Company has the ability to access.  Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.  Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs other than quoted prices observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals.  Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.
 
In instances in which the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety has been determined is based on the lowest level input significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.  The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
 
 
21

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
Disclosures concerning financial instruments measured at fair value are as follows:
 
   
Fair Value Measurements as of
 
   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets and
Liabilities (Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
   
Total
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets and
Liabilities (Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
   
 
 
Total
 
Liabilities:
                                               
Derivative financial instruments
  $ -     $ 5,848     $ -     $ 5,848     $ -     $ 6,661     $ -     $ 6,661  
Mezzanine:
                                                               
Redeemable noncontrolling interests (Company)/Redeemable limited Partners (Operating Partnership)
  $ -     $ 56,736     $ -     $ 56,736     $ -     $ 57,534     $ -     $ 57,534  
 
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, specifically interest rate swaps, for nontrading purposes.  The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk arising from previously unhedged interest payments associated with variable rate debt.  Through March 31, 2013, derivative financial instruments were designated and qualified as cash flow hedges.  Derivative contracts with positive net fair values inclusive of net accrued interest receipts or payments are recorded in other assets.  Derivative contracts with negative net fair values, inclusive of net accrued interest payments or receipts, are recorded in other liabilities.  The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative.  This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves.  The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash receipts (or payments) and the discounted expected variable cash payments (or receipts).  The variable cash payments (or receipts) are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.
 
The Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements.  In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds and guarantees.
 
Although the Company has determined the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparty.  However, as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of the Company’s derivative financial instruments.  As a result, the Company has determined each of its derivative valuations in its entirety is classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership have a redemption feature and are marked to their redemption value.  The redemption value is based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the redemption date, and therefore, is calculated based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the balance sheet date.  Since the valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
 
Other Fair Value Disclosures
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Student Contracts Receivable, Loans Receivable, Other Assets, Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities:  The Company estimates that the carrying amount approximates fair value, due to the short maturity of these instruments.
 
 
22

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
Derivative Instruments: These instruments are reported on the balance sheet at fair value, which is based on calculations provided by independent, third-party financial institutions and represent the discounted future cash flows expected, based on the projected future interest rate curves over the life of the instrument.
 
Unsecured Term Loan, Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, Secured Agency Facility and Construction Loans: The fair value of these instruments approximates carrying values due to the variable interest rate feature of these instruments.
 
Mortgage Loans Payable: The fair value of mortgage loans payable is based on the present value of the cash flows at current market interest rates through maturity.  The Company has concluded the fair value of these financial instruments are Level 2 as the majority of the inputs used to value these instruments fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
 
Bonds Payable: The fair value of bonds payable is based on quoted prices in markets that are not active due to the unique characteristics of these financial instruments, as such, the Company has concluded the inputs used to measure fair value fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
 
The table below contains the estimated fair value and related carrying amounts for the Company’s mortgage loans and bonds payable as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012:
 
   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
   
Fair Value
   
Carrying Amount
   
Fair Value
   
Carrying Amount
 
Mortgage loans
 
$
1,426,249     $ 1,399,593     $ 1,437,851     $ 1,406,835  
Bonds payable
    49,855       44,915       52,778       44,915  
 
13.  Commitments and Contingencies
 
Commitments
 
Development-related guarantees: For its third-party development projects, the Company commonly provides alternate housing and project cost guarantees, subject to force majeure.  These guarantees are typically limited, on an aggregate basis, to the amount of the projects’ related development fees or a contractually agreed-upon maximum exposure amount.  Alternate housing guarantees typically expire five days after construction is complete and generally require the Company to provide substitute living quarters and transportation for students to and from the university if the project is not complete by an agreed-upon completion date.  Under project cost guarantees, the Company is responsible for the construction cost of a project in excess of an approved budget.   The budget consists primarily of costs included in the general contractors’ guaranteed maximum price contract (“GMP”).  In most cases, the GMP obligates the general contractor, subject to force majeure and approved change orders, to provide completion date guarantees and to cover cost overruns and liquidated damages.  In addition, the GMP is typically secured with payment and performance bonds.  Project cost guarantees expire upon completion of certain developer obligations, which are normally satisfied within one year after completion of the project.
 
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various development-related purchase commitments with parties that provide development-related goods and services.  In the event that the Company was to terminate development services prior to the completion of projects under construction, the Company could potentially be committed to satisfy outstanding purchase orders with such parties.  At March 31, 2013, management did not anticipate any material deviations from schedule or budget related to third-party development projects currently in progress. 
 
The Company has estimated the fair value of guarantees entered into to be immaterial.  The Company’s estimated maximum exposure amount under the above guarantees is approximately $8.3 million as of March 31, 2013.
 
 
23

 

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
Contingencies
 
Litigation:  The Company is subject to various claims, lawsuits and legal proceedings, including the matter discussed below as well as other matters that have not been fully resolved and that have arisen in the ordinary course of business.  While it is not possible to ascertain the ultimate outcome of such matters, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities, if any, in excess of amounts provided or covered by insurance, will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company.  However, the outcome of claims, lawsuits and legal proceedings brought against the Company is subject to significant uncertainty.  Therefore, although management considers the likelihood of such an outcome to be remote, the ultimate results of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty.
 
As of March 31, 2013, the Company and three of its subsidiaries were parties to a lawsuit brought by National Public Finance Guaranty Corporation, as assignee of the claims of CaPFA Capital Corp. 2000F (“CaPFA”), in May 2010 in the Orange County Florida, Complex Business Division, relating to a student housing property located near the University of Central Florida (“UCF”) in Orlando, Florida.  The property was managed by a subsidiary of GMH Communities Trust (“GMH”, which subsidiary was indirectly acquired by the Company as part of the acquisition of GMH in June 2008) pursuant to a property management agreement between such subsidiary and CaPFA.  The suit alleged, among other things, a breach of such management agreement, breach of contract implied in fact and breach of fiduciary obligations by the Company and such subsidiaries.  The complaint sought unspecified compensatory damages, including lost profits and attorneys' fees.  As of March 31, 2013, management believed that settlement of such litigation was probable and therefore accrued $2.8 million in litigation settlement costs based on management’s estimate of the potential loss that would be incurred should such settlement ultimately be executed.  The litigation was settled and dismissed subsequent to March 31, 2013 (see Note 15).
 
Letters of Intent:  In the ordinary course of the Company’s business, the Company enters into letters of intent indicating a willingness to negotiate for acquisitions, dispositions or joint ventures.  Such letters of intent are non-binding, and neither party to the letter of intent is obligated to pursue negotiations unless and until a definitive contract is entered into by the parties.  Even if definitive contracts are entered into, the letters of intent relating to the acquisition and disposition of real property and resulting contracts generally contemplate that such contracts will provide the acquirer with time to evaluate the property and conduct due diligence, during which periods the acquirer will have the ability to terminate the contracts without penalty or forfeiture of any deposit or earnest money.  There can be no assurance that definitive contracts will be entered into with respect to any matter covered by letters of intent or that the Company will consummate any transaction contemplated by any definitive contract.  Furthermore, due diligence periods for real property are frequently extended as needed.  Once the due diligence period expires, the Company is then at risk under a real property acquisition contract, but only to the extent of any earnest money deposits associated with the contract.
 
Environmental Matters:  The Company is not aware of any environmental liability with respect to the properties that would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, assets or results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that such a material environmental liability does not exist. The existence of any such material environmental liability could have an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and cash flows.
 
14.   Segments
 
The Company defines business segments by their distinct customer base and service provided.  The Company has identified four reportable segments: Wholly-Owned Properties, On-Campus Participating Properties, Development Services, and Property Management Services.  Management evaluates each segment’s performance based on operating income before depreciation, amortization, minority interests and allocation of corporate overhead.  Intercompany fees are reflected at the contractually stipulated amounts.
 
 
24

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Wholly-Owned Properties
           
Rental revenues
  $ 155,353     $ 95,162  
Interest and other income
    15       14  
Total revenues from external customers
    155,368       95,176  
Operating expenses before depreciation, amortization, ground/facility lease, and allocation of corporate overhead
    (67,949 )     (42,040 )
Ground/facility leases
    (664 )     (414 )
Interest expense
    (11,844 )     (7,468 )
Operating income before depreciation, amortization and allocation of corporate overhead
  $ 74,911     $ 45,254  
Depreciation and amortization
  $ 44,528     $ 21,888  
Capital expenditures
  $ 99,574     $ 96,194  
Total segment assets at March 31,
  $ 5,013,062     $ 2,946,885  
 
On-Campus Participating Properties
               
Rental revenues
  $ 8,102     $ 7,967  
Interest and other income
    2       4  
Total revenues from external customers
    8,104       7,971  
Operating expenses before depreciation, amortization, ground/facility lease, and allocation of corporate overhead
    (2,323 )     (2,295 )
Ground/facility lease
    (539 )     (550 )
Interest expense
    (1,375 )     (1,432 )
Operating income before depreciation, amortization and allocation of corporate overhead
  $ 3,867     $ 3,694  
Depreciation and amortization
  $ 1,175     $ 1,155  
Capital expenditures
  $ 335     $ 145  
Total segment assets at March 31,
  $ 72,475     $ 75,042  
 
Development Services
               
Development and construction management fees
  $ 479     $ 2,094  
Operating expenses
    (2,589 )     (2,739 )
Operating loss before depreciation, amortization and allocation of  corporate overhead
  $ (2,110 )   $ (645 )
Total segment assets at March 31,
  $ 796     $ 12,068  
 
Property Management Services
               
Property management fees from external customers
  $ 1,709     $ 1,758  
Intersegment revenues
    5,375       3,883  
Total revenues
    7,084       5,641  
Operating expenses
    (2,572 )     (2,714 )
Operating income before depreciation, amortization and allocation of corporate overhead
  $ 4,512     $ 2,927  
Total segment assets at March 31,
  $ 4,928     $ 3,813  
 
Reconciliations
               
Total segment revenues
  $ 171,035     $ 110,882  
Unallocated interest income earned on corporate cash
    410       498  
Elimination of intersegment revenues
    (5,375 )     (3,883 )
Total consolidated revenues, including interest income
  $ 166,070     $ 107,497  
Segment operating income before depreciation, amortization and allocation of corporate overhead
  $ 81,180     $ 51,230  
Depreciation and amortization
    (47,457 )     (24,385 )
Net unallocated expenses relating to corporate overhead
    (9,713 )     (8,420 )
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       444  
Other nonoperating expense
    (2,800 )     (122 )
Income tax provision
    (255 )     (156 )
Income from continuing operations
  $ 20,955     $ 18,591  
                 
Total segment assets
  $ 5,091,261     $ 3,037,808  
Unallocated corporate assets
    68,880       78,173  
Total assets at March 31,
  $ 5,160,141     $ 3,115,981  
 
 
25

 
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
 
15.  Subsequent Events
 
April 2013 Bond Offering:  On March 25, 2013, the Operating Partnership priced a $400 million offering of senior unsecured notes under its existing shelf registration.  These 10-year notes were issued at 99.659 percent of par value with a coupon of 3.750 percent and a yield of 3.791 percent, and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company.  Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on April 15 and October 15, with the first payment beginning on October 15, 2013.  The notes will mature on April 15, 2023.  Net proceeds from the sale of the Notes totaled approximately $394.9 million after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses.  The transaction settled on April 2, 2013 and the Company used $321.0 million of the offering proceeds to pay down the outstanding balance on its revolving credit facility in full.
 
Litigation Settlement:  On April 22, 2013, pursuant to the terms of the settlement agreement pertaining to the litigation discussed in Note 13, the Company acquired a note and subrogation rights (collectively, the “instruments”) from National Public Finance Guaranty Corporation for an aggregate of approximately $52.8 million.  The instruments are secured by a lien on, and the cash flows from, two student housing properties in close proximity to the University of Central Florida and carry an interest rate of 5.12%.  The $2.8 million litigation settlement charge accrued as of March 31, 2013 relates to the difference between face value of the instruments and the present value of the cash flows anticipated to be received under the instruments, based on management’s estimate of market interest rates in place as of the settlement date. 
 
Distributions:  On May 1, 2013, the Company declared a first quarter 2013 distribution per share of $0.36 which will be paid on May 30, 2013 to all common stockholders of record as of May 16, 2013.  At the same time, the Operating Partnership will pay an equivalent amount per unit to holders of common OP Units, as well as the quarterly cumulative preferential distribution to holders of Series A preferred units (see Note 9).
 
 
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Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
Forward-looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. We caution investors that any forward-looking statements presented in this report, or which management may make orally or in writing from time to time, are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “result” and similar expressions, do not relate solely to historical matters and are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and will be impacted by actual events when they occur after we make such statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they were made, to anticipate future results or trends.

Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: general risks affecting the real estate industry; risks associated with changes in University admission or housing policies; risks associated with the availability and terms of financing and the use of debt to fund acquisitions and developments; failure to manage effectively our growth and expansion into new markets or to integrate acquisitions successfully; risks and uncertainties affecting property development and construction; risks associated with downturns in the national and local economies, volatility in capital and credit markets, increases in interest rates, and volatility in the securities markets; costs of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and other similar laws; potential liability for uninsured losses and environmental contamination; risks associated with our Company’s potential failure to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), as amended, and possible adverse changes in tax and environmental laws; and the other factors discussed in the “Risk Factors” contained in Item 1A of this report.

Our Company and Our Business
 
Overview

American Campus Communities, Inc. (“ACC”) is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that commenced operations effective with the completion of an initial public offering (“IPO”) on August 17, 2004. Through ACC’s controlling interest in American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. (“ACCOP”), ACC is one of the largest owners, managers and developers of high quality student housing properties in the United States in terms of beds owned and under management. ACC is a fully integrated, self-managed and self-administered equity REIT with expertise in the acquisition, design, financing, development, construction management, leasing and management of student housing properties. ACC’s common stock is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “ACC.”  References to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” mean collectively ACC, ACCOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ACC and/or ACCOP.  References to the “Operating Partnership” mean collectively ACCOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ACCOP.  Unless otherwise indicated, the accompanying discussion applies to both the Company and the Operating Partnership.

Property Portfolio
 
As of March 31, 2013, our total owned property portfolio contained 160 properties, consisting of owned off-campus student housing properties that are in close proximity to colleges and universities, American Campus Equity (“ACE®”) properties operated under ground/facility leases with university systems and on-campus participating properties operated under ground/facility leases with the related university systems.  Of the 160 properties, nine were under development as well as an additional phase under development at an existing property as of March 31, 2013, and when completed will consist of a total of approximately 6,200 beds in approximately 1,700 units.  Our communities contain modern housing units and are supported by a resident assistant system and other student-oriented programming, with many offering resort-style amenities.
 
 
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As of March 31, 2013, through ACC’s taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) entities, we provided third-party management and leasing services for 30 properties, bringing our total owned and third-party managed portfolio to 190 properties.  Third-party management and leasing services are typically provided pursuant to management contracts that have initial terms that range from one to five years.  Below is a summary of our property portfolio as of March 31, 2013:
 
Property portfolio:
 
Properties
   
Units
   
Beds
 
Wholly-owned operating properties:
                 
  Off-campus properties (1)
    137       25,586       79,608  
  On-campus ACE
    10       2,666       8,492  
Subtotal – operating properties
    147       28,252       88,100  
                         
Wholly-owned properties under development:
                       
  Off-campus properties (2) (3)
    6       1,184       4,219  
  On-campus ACE
    3       557       2,013  
Subtotal – properties under development
    9       1,741       6,232  
                         
Total wholly-owned properties
    156       29,993       94,332  
                         
On-campus participating properties
    4       1,863       4,519  
                         
Total owned property portfolio
    160       31,856       98,851  
                         
Managed properties
    30       9,419       23,719  
                         
Total property portfolio
    190       41,275       122,570  

 
(1)
Includes four properties classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2013.

 
(2)
Includes Townhomes at Newton Crossing, a 152-unit, 608-bed property we did not own as of March 31, 2013, but are obligated to purchase as long as the developer meets certain construction completion deadlines and other closing conditions.  The development of the property is anticipated to be completed in August 2013.
 
 
 
(3)
Includes The Lodges of East Lansing Phase II, a 144-unit, 366-bed additional phase at an existing property we did not own as of March 31, 2013, but are obligated to purchase as long as the developer meets certain construction completion deadlines and other closing conditions.  The development of the additional phase is anticipated to be completed in August 2013.
 
 
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Wholly-owned development activity
 
Our wholly-owned properties consist of owned off-campus properties that are in close proximity to colleges and universities and on-campus ACE properties operated under ground/facility leases with related university systems.  At March 31, 2013, we were in the process of constructing six owned off-campus properties, three ACE on-campus properties and an additional phase at an existing off-campus property.  These properties are summarized in the table below:

 
 
Project
 
 
 
Project Type
 
 
 
Location
 
 
Primary University Served
 
 
Units
   
 
Beds
   
Estimated Project Cost
   
Total Costs Incurred
 
Scheduled to Open for Occupancy
Manzanita Hall
 
ACE
 
Tempe, AZ
 
Arizona State University
    241       816     $ 50,300     $ 28,438  
August 2013
                                               
The Callaway House
 
Off-campus
 
Austin, TX
 
The University of Texas at Austin
    219       753       61,600       41,276  
August 2013
                                               
Chestnut Square
 
ACE
 
Philadelphia, PA
 
Drexel University
    220       861       97,600       67,842  
September 2013
                                               
U Club on Woodward
 
Off-campus
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
Florida State University
    112       448       29,000       23,974  
August 2013
                                               
Townhomes at Overton Park
 
Off-campus
 
Lubbock, TX
 
Texas Tech University
    112       448       29,200       24,364  
August 2013
                                               
601 Copeland
 
Off-campus
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
Florida State University
    81       283       21,200       9,641  
August 2013
                                               
University View (PVAMU Phase VII)
 
ACE
 
Prairie View,
  TX
 
Prairie View A&M University
    96       336       15,600       7,930  
August 2013
                                               
Townhomes at Newtown Crossing (1)
 
Off-campus
 
Lexington, KY
 
University of Kentucky
    152       608       38,750       23,111  
August 2013
                                               
The Lodges of East Lansing Phase II (2)
 
Off-campus
 
East Lansing, MI
 
Michigan State University
    144       366       32,300       15,316  
August 2013
SUBTOTAL – 2013 DELIVERIES
    1,377       4,919     $ 375,550     $ 241,892    
                                   
The Plaza on University
 
Off-campus
 
Orlando, FL
 
University of Central Florida
    364       1,313       112,300       37,028  
August 2014
SUBTOTAL – 2014 DELIVERIES
    364       1,313     $ 112,300     $ 37,028    
TOTAL – ALL PROJECTS
    1,741       6,232     $ 487,850     $ 278,920    

(1)
We did not own this property as of March 31, 2013 but are obligated to purchase the property as long as the developer meets certain construction completion deadlines and other closing conditions.

(2)
We did not own this additional phase at an existing property as of March 31, 2013 but are obligated to purchase the additional phase as long as the developer meets certain construction completion deadlines and other closing conditions.    
 
Third-Party Development Services

Through ACC’s TRS entities, we provide development and construction management services for student housing properties owned by colleges and universities, charitable foundations and others.  As of March 31, 2013, we were under contract on a total of three third-party development projects that are currently in progress and whose fees range from $2.3 million to $3.2 million.  As of March 31, 2013, fees of approximately $3.1 million remained to be earned by us with respect to these projects, which have scheduled completion dates of August 2013 through August 2014.
 
 
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Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012

The following table presents our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, including the amount and percentage change in these results between the two periods.

 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
             
   
2013
   
2012
   
Change ($)
   
Change (%)
 
Revenues:
                       
Wholly-owned properties
  $ 154,756     $ 94,819     $ 59,937       63.2 %
On-campus participating properties
    8,102       7,967       135       1.7 %
Third-party development services
    479       2,094       (1,615 )     (77.1 %)
Third-party management services
    1,709       1,758       (49 )     (2.8 %)
Resident services
    597       343       254       74.1 %
Total revenues
    165,643       106,981       58,662       54.8 %
                                 
Operating expenses:
                               
Wholly-owned properties
    67,143       42,058       25,085       59.6 %
On-campus participating properties
    2,504       2,495       9       0.4 %
Third-party development and management services
    2,306       2,785       (479 )     (17.2 %)
General and administrative
    3,806       3,540       266       7.5 %
Depreciation and amortization
    46,143       23,399       22,744       97.2 %
Ground/facility leases
    1,203       964       239       24.8 %
Total operating expenses
    123,105       75,241       47,864       63.6 %
                                 
Operating income
    42,538       31,740       10,798       34.0 %
                                 
Nonoperating income and (expenses):
                               
Interest income
    427       516       (89 )     (17.2 %)
Interest expense
    (17,641 )     (12,845 )     (4,796 )     37.3 %
Amortization of deferred financing costs
    (1,314 )     (986 )     (328 )     33.3 %
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       444       (444 )     (100.0 %)
Other nonoperating expense
    (2,800 )     (122 )     (2,678 )     2,195.1 %
Total nonoperating expenses
    (21,328 )     (12,993 )     (8,335 )     64.1 %
                                 
Income before income taxes and discontinued operations
    21,210       18,747       2,463       13.1 %
Income tax provision
    (255 )     (156 )     (99 )     63.5 %
Income from continuing operations
    20,955       18,591       2,364       12.7 %
Income attributable to discontinued operations
    1,426       2,214       (788 )     (35.6 %)
Net income
    22,381       20,805       1,576       7.6 %
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (791 )     (779 )     (12 )     1.5 %
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 21,590     $ 20,026     $ 1,564       7.8 %

           Same Store and New Property Operations

We define our same store property portfolio as wholly-owned properties that were owned and/or operating for both of the entire periods being compared, and which are not conducting or planning to conduct substantial development or redevelopment activities or are classified as Held for Sale in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Same store revenues are defined as revenues generated from our same store portfolio and consist of rental revenue earned from student leases as well as other income items such as utility income, damages, parking income, summer conference rent, application and administration fees, income from retail tenants, and income earned by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”) from ancillary activities such as the provision of food services.
 
 
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Same store operating expenses are defined as operating expenses generated from our same store portfolio and include usual and customary expenses incurred to operate a property such as payroll, maintenance, utilities, marketing, general and administrative costs, insurance, property taxes, and bad debt.  Same store operating expenses also include an allocation of payroll and other administrative costs related to corporate management and oversight.

   
Same Store Properties (1)
   
New Properties (2)
   
Total - All Properties (1)
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
Number of properties
    96       96       51       1       147       97  
Number of beds
    58,311       58,311       29,789       636       88,100       58,947  
                                                 
Revenues (3)
  $ 95,805     $ 93,769     $ 59,548     $ 1,393     $ 155,353     $ 95,162  
Operating expenses
    41,199       40,991       25,944       1,067       67,143       42,058  

(1)
Excludes four properties classified as Held for Sale as of March 31, 2013 that are included in discontinued operations on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

(2)
Does not include properties under construction as of March 31, 2013.  Number of properties and number of beds also excludes properties undergoing redevelopment as of March 31, 2013, although the results of operations of those properties are included in revenues and operating expenses prior to commencement of redevelopment activities.

(3)
Includes revenues which are reflected as resident services revenue on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Same Store Properties.  The increase in revenue from our same store properties was primarily due to an increase in average rental rates for the 2012/2013 academic year, offset by a slight decrease in average occupancy from 97.9% during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to 97.6% during the three months ended March 31, 2013.  Future revenues will be dependent on our ability to maintain our current leases in effect for the 2012/2013 academic year and our ability to obtain appropriate rental rates and desired occupancy for the 2013/2014 academic year at our various properties during our leasing period, which typically begins in January and ends in August.

The increase in operating expenses for our same store properties was primarily due to inflationary increases in payroll and maintenance costs offset by a decrease in property taxes.  We anticipate that operating expenses for our same store property portfolio for 2013 will increase slightly as compared with 2012 as a result of general inflation.

New Property Operations.  Our new properties for the three months ended March 31, 2013 consist of the following: (i) University Heights- Knoxville, acquired from Fund II in January 2012, (ii) Avalon Heights, acquired in May 2012, (iii) University Commons, acquired in June 2012, (iv) The Block, acquired in August 2012, (v) The Retreat, acquired in September 2012, (vi) 11 owned development projects that opened for occupancy in August and September 2012 (vii) a 15-property student housing portfolio acquired in September 2012, (viii) a 19-property student housing portfolio acquired in November 2012, and (ix) University Edge, a property previously subject to a pre-sale agreement that we acquired in December 2012.
 
On-Campus Participating Properties (“OCPP”) Operations

We had four participating properties containing 4,519 beds which were operating during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.  Revenues from our participating properties increased $0.1 million to $8.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013 from $8.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  This change was primarily a result of an increase in average rental rates for 2012/2013 academic year, offset by a decrease in average occupancy from 97.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to 95.9% for the three months March 31, 2013.

At these properties, operating expenses remained constant at $2.5 million for both three month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2013.  We anticipate that operating expenses in 2013 will increase slightly as compared with 2012 as a result of general inflation.
 
 
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Third-Party Development Services Revenue

Third-party development services revenue decreased by approximately $1.6 million, from $2.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This decrease was primarily due to the closing of bond financing and commencement of construction for the College of Staten Island project during the three months ended March 31, 2012, resulting in $1.3 million of revenue recognized during that period. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we had three projects in progress with an average contractual fee of approximately $2.7 million, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012 in which we had five projects in progress with an average contractual fee of approximately $2.3 million.  We anticipate that third-party development services revenue in 2013 will decrease significantly as compared to 2012 as a result of fewer currently outstanding awarded projects in this business segment.

Development services revenues are dependent on our ability to successfully be awarded such projects, the amount of the contractual fee related to the project and the timing and completion of the development and construction of the project.  In addition, to the extent projects are completed under budget, we may be entitled to a portion of such savings, which are recognized as revenue when performance has been agreed upon by all parties, or when performance has been verified by an independent third-party.  It is possible that projects for which we have deferred pre-development costs will not close and that we will not be reimbursed for such costs.  The pre-development costs associated therewith will ordinarily be charged against income for the then-current period.

Third-Party Development and Management Services Expenses

Third party development and management services expenses decreased by approximately $0.5 million, from $2.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This decrease was primarily a result of the growth in our wholly-owned property portfolio, as well as a lower number of newly awarded contracts in this business segment during 2012 as compared to the prior year.  We anticipate that third-party development and management services expenses will continue to decrease in 2013 for these same reasons.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses increased by approximately $0.3 million, from $3.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This increase was primarily a result of additional salary and benefits expense, public company costs and other general inflationary factors during the three months ended March 31, 2013.  We anticipate that general and administrative expenses will decrease in 2013 as compared to 2012, primarily due to acquisition costs incurred in 2012 that are not expected to be incurred in 2013.

Depreciation and Amortization
 
Depreciation and amortization increased by approximately $22.7 million, from $23.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $46.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This increase was primarily a result of additional depreciation and amortization expense of approximately $18.7 million recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2013 related to properties acquired during 2012 and the completion of construction and opening of 11 owned development properties in August and September 2012, which contributed an additional $4.3 million of depreciation expense during the three months ended March 31, 2013.  We expect depreciation and amortization expense to increase significantly in 2013 as a result of properties acquired during 2012, the completion of 11 owned development projects in August and September 2012 and the anticipated completion of eight owned development projects and an additional phase at an existing property in August and September 2013.

Ground/Facility Leases

Ground/facility leases expense increased by approximately $0.2 million, from $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This increase was primarily due to the completion of construction and commencement of operations of six ACE development projects during 2012.  We anticipate ground/facility leases expense to increase in 2013 as compared to 2012 due to the planned completion of construction on three ACE development projects in August and September 2013 and the timing of ACE development projects placed into service during 2012.
 
 
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Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by approximately $4.8 million, from $12.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $17.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  We incurred additional interest expense of approximately $5.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013 related to loans assumed in connection with 2012 property acquisitions.  We also experienced an increase in interest expense of approximately $0.4 million on our corporate-level debt related to increased borrowings under our revolving credit facility.  Lastly, we incurred additional interest expense of approximately $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013 from construction loans used to partially finance the construction of two owned development projects which opened for occupancy in August 2012.  These increases were offset by a decrease of approximately $0.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year as a result of mortgage and construction loans paid off during 2012.  We anticipate that interest expense will increase in 2013 as compared to 2012 as a result of our $400 million bond offering which closed in April 2013, as well as a full year of interest expense incurred on the loans assumed in connection with the 2012 property acquisitions.  These anticipated increases will be offset by a decrease in interest expense related to the payoff of mortgage debt in 2012 and loans that are scheduled to mature in 2013.

Amortization of Deferred Financing Costs

Amortization of deferred financing costs increased approximately $0.3 million, from $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This increase was primarily a result of finance costs paid upon the assumption of debt in connection with 2012 property acquisitions.  We anticipate that amortization of deferred financing costs will increase in 2013 as compared to 2012 for the reason discussed above as well as bond offering costs paid in connection with our $400 million bond offering which closed in April 2013 (refer to Note 15 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 herein for further information).

Income from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

We reported income from unconsolidated joint ventures of approximately $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 in connection with our share of a gain on debt restructuring recorded by Fund II during 2012.  Immediately prior to our acquisition of University Heights - Knoxville from Fund II in January 2012, Fund II negotiated a Settlement Agreement with the lender of the property’s mortgage loan whereby the lender agreed to accept a discounted amount that was less than the original principal amount of the loan as payment in full.  Accordingly, Fund II recorded a gain on debt restructuring of $4.2 million, of which our 10% share was $0.4 million.

Other Nonoperating Expense

Other nonoperating expense increased approximately $2.7 million, from $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This increase is due to the accrual of $2.8 million of litigation settlement costs during the three months ended March 31, 2013 related to the litigation that was settled and dismissed in April 2013.  Refer to Notes 13 and 15 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 herein for a more detailed discussion of the lawsuit and subsequent settlement.

Other nonoperating expense of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 represents a loss recorded to remeasure our equity method investment in one of our joint ventures with Fidelity (“Fund II”), in which we held a 10% interest, to fair value immediately prior to our acquisition in January 2012 of the remaining 90% interest in University Heights, the final property owned by Fund II.

Discontinued Operations

Discontinued operations on the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income includes the following wholly-owned properties: (i) State College Park, University Mills, University Pines and The Village at Blacksburg, wholly-owned properties that were classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2013, (ii) Brookstone Village and Campus Walk, wholly-owned properties sold in December 2012 for a combined sales price of $26.6 million, and (iii) Pirates Cove, sold in April 2012 for a sales price of $27.5 million.  Refer to Note 3 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 herein for a table summarizing the results of operations of the properties classified within discontinued operations.
 
 
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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Balances and Cash Flows

As of March 31, 2013, excluding our on-campus participating properties, we had $40.0 million in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as compared to $46.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as of December 31, 2012.  Restricted cash primarily consists of escrow accounts held by lenders and resident security deposits, as required by law in certain states, and funds held in escrow in connection with potential acquisition and development opportunities.  The following discussion relates to changes in cash due to operating, investing and financing activities, which are presented in our consolidated statements of cash flows included in Item 1.
 
Operating Activities: For the three months ended March 31, 2013, net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $57.2 million, as compared to approximately $49.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $7.6 million.  This increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to operating cash flows provided from the timing of the acquisition of 40 properties in 2012, the completion of construction and opening of 11 owned development projects in August and September 2012, and improved operations at our same store wholly-owned properties.
 
Investing Activities:  Investing activities utilized approximately $101.5 million and $123.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively.  The $21.6 million decrease in cash utilized in investing activities was primarily a result of the following: (i) a $21.7 million decrease in cash paid to acquire properties and undeveloped land as we acquired one wholly-owned property (University Heights – Knoxville) and one land parcel located in Lubbock, Texas during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to minimal activity for the three months ended March 31, 2013; (ii) a $6.0 million decrease in cash used to fund the construction of our wholly-owned development properties, as 14 wholly-owned properties were under construction during the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared to nine wholly-owned properties and an additional phase at an existing wholly-owned property that were under construction during the three months ended March 31, 2013; and (iii) a $7.2 million loan made to a third-party developer during the three months ended March 31, 2012, to fund the acquisition of an undeveloped land parcel for future development.  These decreases were offset by (i) a $9.4 million increase in cash used to fund capital expenditures at our wholly-owned properties, as we began or continued renovations at several properties acquired in 2012; and (ii) the repayment of a $4.0 million mezzanine loan by a private developer during the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
Financing Activities: Cash provided by financing activities totaled approximately $38.0 million and $83.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively.  The $45.8 million decrease in cash provided by financing activities was primarily a result of the following: (i) a $150 million increase to our unsecured term loan from $200 million to $350 million in January 2012, (ii) a $73.8 million decrease in net proceeds raised through the issuance of common stock, (iii) a $10.2 million increase in distributions to stockholders during the three months ended March 31, 2013, as a result of the issuance of common stock in connection with our July 2012 and October 2012 equity offerings and ATM Equity Programs, and (iv) a $16.7 million decrease in proceeds from construction loans related to fewer projects being under construction during the three months ended March 31, 2013 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012.  These decreases were primarily offset by (i) a $186.0 million increase in proceeds (net of paydowns) received from our unsecured revolving credit facility, as we used proceeds received in January 2012 from our expanded term loan to repay outstanding amounts on our unsecured revolving credit facility, (ii) a $16.2 million decrease in cash used to pay off maturing mortgage debt, and (iii) a $2.2 million decrease in debt issuance costs paid during comparable three month periods.

Liquidity Needs, Sources and Uses of Capital

As of March 31, 2013, our short-term liquidity needs included, but were not limited to, the following: (i) anticipated distribution payments to our common and restricted stockholders totaling approximately $151.8 million based on an assumed annual cash distribution of $1.44 per share based on the number of our shares outstanding as of March 31, 2013, (ii) anticipated distribution payments to our Operating Partnership unitholders totaling approximately $1.8 million based on an assumed annual distribution of $1.44 per common unit and a cumulative preferential per annum cash distribution rate of 5.99% on our Series A preferred units based on the number of units outstanding as of March 31, 2013, (iii) the pay-off of approximately $150.5 million of fixed-rate mortgage debt scheduled to mature during the next 12 months, (iv) estimated development costs over the next 12 months totaling approximately $187.1 million for our wholly-owned properties currently under construction, (v) the purchase of a note and subrogation rights (collectively, the “instruments”) totaling approximately $52.8 million in April 2013 (see Note 15 for a more detailed discussion), (vi) funds for other development projects scheduled to commence construction during the next 12 months, and (vii) potential future property acquisitions.
 
 
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We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements by (i) borrowing under our existing credit facilities discussed below, (ii) issuing securities, including common stock, under our $500 million at-the-market share offering program (“ATM Equity Program”) discussed below, (iii) utilizing proceeds from our $400 million debut bond offering which settled on April 2, 2013 (see Note 15), (iv) potentially disposing of properties depending on market conditions, and (v) utilizing net cash provided by operations.

We may seek additional funds to undertake initiatives not contemplated by our business plan or obtain additional cushion against possible shortfalls.  We also may pursue additional financing as opportunities arise.  Future financings may include a range of different sizes or types of financing, including the incurrence of additional secured debt and the sale of additional debt or equity securities.  These funds may not be available on favorable terms or at all.  Our ability to obtain additional financing depends on several factors, including future market conditions, our success or lack of success in penetrating our markets, our future creditworthiness, and restrictions contained in agreements with our investors or lenders, including the restrictions contained in the agreements governing our revolving credit facilities and term loan.  These financings could increase our level of indebtedness or result in dilution to our equity holders.

ATM Equity Program

As discussed in more detail in Note 8 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1, during the three months ended March 31, 2013, we established a new ATM Equity Program under which we may sell shares of our common stock into the existing trading market at current market prices with an aggregate offering price of up to $500 million.  We did not sell any shares under the ATM program during the three months ended March 31, 2013.
 
Unsecured Credit Facility

As discussed in more detail in Note 7 and Note 11 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1, we have an aggregate Credit Facility of $800 million, which is composed of a $350 million unsecured term loan and a $450 million unsecured revolving credit facility.  We have entered into multiple interest rate swaps with notional amounts totaling $350 million that effectively fix the interest rate to 2.54% (0.89% + 1.65% spread) on the outstanding balance of our unsecured term loan

As of March 31, 2013, the balance outstanding on our revolving credit facility totaled $321.0 million, bearing interest at a weighted average annual rate of 1.96%, and availability under the revolving credit facility totaled $129.0 million.  The terms of the combined Credit Facility include certain restrictions and covenants, as discussed more fully in Note 7 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1, including covenants that restrict the amount of distributions that we can pay.  As of March 31, 2013, we were in compliance with all such covenants.
 
Secured Agency Facility

As discussed in more detail in Note 7 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1, we also have a $125 million secured revolving credit facility with a Freddie Mac lender.  As of March 31, 2013, the balance outstanding on the facility totaled $104.0 million, bearing interest at a weighted average annual rate of 2.25%.  The secured agency facility includes some, but not all, of the same financial covenants as the Credit Facility, as described above.  As of March 31, 2013, we were in compliance with all such covenants.
 
Distributions

We are required to distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income (excluding capital gains) on an annual basis in order to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.  Distributions to common stockholders are at the discretion of the Board of Directors. We may use borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility to fund distributions.  The Board of Directors considers a number of factors when determining distribution levels, including market factors and our Company’s performance in addition to REIT requirements.

On May 1, 2013, we declared a first quarter 2013 distribution per share of $0.36, which will be paid on May 30, 2013 to all common stockholders of record as of May 16, 2013.  At the same time, the Operating Partnership will pay an equivalent amount per unit to holders of common units, as well as the quarterly cumulative preferential distribution to holders of Series A preferred units.
 
 
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Pre-Development Expenditures

Our third-party and owned development activities have historically required us to fund pre-development expenditures such as architectural fees, permits and deposits.  The closing and/or commencement of construction of these development projects is subject to a number of risks such as our inability to obtain financing on favorable terms and delays or refusals in obtaining necessary zoning, land use, building, and other required governmental permits and authorizations  As such, we cannot always predict accurately the liquidity needs of these activities.  We frequently incur these pre-development expenditures before a financing commitment and/or required permits and authorizations have been obtained.  Accordingly, we bear the risk of the loss of these pre-development expenditures if financing cannot ultimately be arranged on acceptable terms or we are unable to successfully obtain the required permits and authorizations.  Historically, our third-party and owned development projects have been successfully structured and financed; however, these developments have at times been delayed beyond the period initially scheduled, causing revenue to be recognized in later periods.  As of March 31, 2013, we have deferred approximately $3.3 million in pre-development costs related to third-party and owned development projects that have not yet commenced construction.

Indebtedness

As March 31, 2013, we had approximately $2,208.4 million of outstanding consolidated indebtedness (excluding net unamortized debt premiums and debt discounts of approximately $86.1 million and $3.1 million, respectively), comprised of a $350.0 million balance on our unsecured term loan, $321.0 million balance on our unsecured revolving credit facility, $104.0 million balance on our secured agency facility, $1,356.9 million in mortgage and construction loans secured by our wholly-owned properties, $31.6 million in mortgage loans secured by two phases of an on-campus participating property and $44.9 million in bond issuances secured by three of our on-campus participating properties.  The weighted average interest rate on our consolidated indebtedness as of March 31, 2013 was 4.32% per annum.  As of March 31, 2013, approximately 22.5% of our total consolidated indebtedness was variable rate debt, comprised of our secured agency facility, unsecured revolving credit facility and three construction loans discussed below.

Wholly-Owned Properties

Mortgage debt:  The weighted average interest rate of the $1,285.0 million of wholly-owned mortgage debt was 5.49% per annum as of March 31, 2013.  Each of the mortgage loans is a non-recourse obligation subject to customary exceptions.  The loans generally may not be prepaid prior to maturity; in certain cases prepayment is allowed, subject to prepayment penalties.

Construction loans:  The development and construction of two on-campus ACE properties (The Suites and Hilltop Townhomes), which both completed construction in August 2012, are partially financed on a combined basis with a $45.4 million construction loan.  For each borrowing we have the option of choosing the Prime rate or one-, two-, three-, or six-month LIBOR plus 2.35%.  The loan requires payments of interest only during the term of the loan and any accrued interest and outstanding borrowings become due on the maturity date of May 16, 2014.  The term of the loan can be extended through May 2016 through the exercise of two 12-month extension options.  As of March 31, 2013, the balance outstanding on the construction loan totaled $44.6 million, bearing interest at a weighted average rate per annum of 2.55%.
 
In addition, as discussed in more detail in Note 4 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1, we are consolidating two variable interest entities (“VIEs”) that own Townhomes at Newtown Crossing, a property located in Lexington, Kentucky and The Lodges of East Lansing Phase II, an additional phase at an existing property located in East Lansing, Michigan.  As a result, our construction loans payable balance includes $27.3 million related to the construction loans that are financing the development and construction of this property and additional phase at an existing property.  The total amount of these construction loans are $31.5 million and $16.2 million for Townhomes at Newtown Crossing and The Lodges of East Lansing Phase II, respectively, bearing interest at 2.65% and 4.26% per annum, respectively, as of March 31, 2013.  The loans mature on August 1, 2014 and January 9, 2014, respectively.  As the Company is not legally a party to these loans, and is only including the loans in its consolidated financial statements to comply with accounting guidance related to VIE’s, the creditors of these construction loans do not have recourse to the assets of the Company.

On-Campus Participating Properties

Bonds:  As discussed in Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1, three of our on-campus participating properties are 100% financed with project-based taxable bonds.  As of March 31, 2013, the bonds carry a balance of $44.9 million and bear interest at a weighted average rate per annum of 7.55%.  The loans encumbering the leasehold interests are non-recourse, subject to customary exceptions.
 
 
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Mortgage loans:  The Cullen Oaks Phase I and Phase II on-campus participating properties are currently encumbered by mortgage loans with balances as of March 31, 2013 of approximately $15.7 million and $15.9 million, respectively.  The loans mature in February 2014 and bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 1.35%.  In connection with these loans, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement effective February 15, 2007 through February 15, 2014, that is designated to hedge our exposure to fluctuations on interest payments attributed to changes in interest rates associated with payments on the loans.  Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 6.69% per annum and receive a floating rate of LIBOR plus 1.35%.  We have guaranteed payment of this property’s indebtedness.

Funds From Operations (“FFO”)
 
The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (NAREIT) currently defines FFO as net income or loss attributable to common shares computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), excluding gains or losses from depreciable operating property sales, plus real estate depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.  We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITs, many of which present FFO when reporting their results.  FFO excludes GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate and related assets, which assumes that the value of real estate diminishes ratably over time.  Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions.  We therefore believe that FFO provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, and interest costs, among other items, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income.  We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by the Board of Governors of NAREIT in its March 1995 White Paper (as amended in November 1999 and April 2002), which may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other equity REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs.

We also believe it is meaningful to present a measure we refer to as FFO-Modified, or FFOM, which reflects certain adjustments related to the economic performance of our on-campus participating properties and other nonrecurring items.  Under our participating ground leases, we and the participating university systems each receive 50% of the properties’ net cash available for distribution after payment of operating expenses, debt service (which includes significant amounts towards repayment of principal) and capital expenditures.  A substantial portion of our revenues attributable to these properties is reflective of cash that is required to be used for capital expenditures and for the amortization of applicable property indebtedness. These amounts do not increase our economic interest in these properties or otherwise benefit us since our interest in the properties terminates upon the repayment of the applicable property indebtedness.  Therefore, unlike the ownership of our wholly-owned properties, the unique features of our ownership interest in our on-campus participating properties cause the value of these properties to diminish over time.   For example, since the ground/facility leases under which we operate the participating properties require the reinvestment from operations of specified amounts for capital expenditures and for the repayment of debt while our interest in these properties terminates upon the repayment of the debt, such capital expenditures do not increase the value of the property to us and mortgage debt amortization only increases the equity of the ground lessor. Accordingly, we believe it is meaningful to modify FFO to exclude the operations of our on-campus participating properties and to consider their impact on our performance by including only that portion of our revenues from those properties that are reflective of our share of net cash flow and the management fees that we receive, both of which increase and decrease with the operating performance of the properties.  This narrower measure of performance measures our profitability for these properties in a manner that is similar to the measure of our profitability from our services business where we similarly incur no initial or ongoing capital investment in a property and derive only consequential benefits from capital expenditures and debt amortization. We believe, however, that this narrower measure of performance is inappropriate in traditional real estate ownership structures where debt amortization and capital expenditures enhance the property owner’s long-term profitability from its investment.  When calculating FFOM, we also exclude losses from early extinguishment of debt incurred in connection with property dispositions and other non-cash gains or losses, as appropriate.

Our FFOM may have limitations as an analytical tool because it reflects the contractual calculation of net cash flow from our on-campus participating properties, which is unique to us and is different from that of our owned off-campus properties.  Companies that are considered to be in our industry may not have similar ownership structures; and therefore those companies may not calculate FFOM in the same manner that we do, or at all, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP and FFO results and using FFOM only supplementally.  Further, FFO and FFOM do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments and uncertainties.  FFO and FFOM should not be considered as alternatives to net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP as an indicator of our financial performance, or to cash flow from operating activities computed in accordance with GAAP as an indicator of our liquidity, nor are these measures indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends or make distributions.
 
 
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The following table presents a reconciliation of our net income attributable to common shareholders to FFO and FFOM:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Net income attributable to American Campus Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
  $ 21,590     $ 20,026  
Noncontrolling interests (1)
    382       381  
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
    -       (444 )
FFO from unconsolidated joint ventures (2)
    -       429  
Real estate related depreciation and amortization
    46,530       24,005  
Funds from operations (“FFO”)
    68,502        44,397  
                 
Elimination of operations of on-campus participating properties:
               
    Net income from on-campus participating properties
    (2,654 )     (2,498 )
    Amortization of investment in on-campus participating properties
    (1,174 )     (1,155 )
      64,674       40,744  
Modifications to reflect operational performance of on-campus participating properties:
               
    Our share of net cash flow (3)
    539       550  
    Management fees
    376       362  
Impact of on-campus participating properties
    915       912  
Non-cash litigation settlement expense (4)
    2,800       -  
Elimination of gain on debt restructuring - unconsolidated joint venture (5)
    -       (424 )
Loss on remeasurement of equity method investment (6)
    -       122  
Funds from operations – modified (“FFOM”)
  $ 68,389     $ 41,354  
                 
FFO per share – diluted
  $ 0.64     $ 0.59  
                 
FFOM per share – diluted
  $ 0.64     $ 0.55  
                 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
    106,611,973       75,878,010  
 
(1)
Excludes $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 of income attributable to the noncontrolling partner in The Varsity, a property purchased in December 2011 from a seller that retained a 20.5% noncontrolling interest in the property.
 
(2)
Represents our 10% share of FFO from a joint venture with Fund II in which we were a noncontrolling partner.  In January 2012, we purchased the full ownership interest in the one remaining property owned by Fund II (University Heights). Subsequent to the acquisition, the property is now wholly-owned and is consolidated by the Company.
 
(3)
50% of the properties’ net cash available for distribution after payment of operating expenses, debt service (including repayment of principal) and capital expenditures. Represents amounts accrued for the interim periods.
 
(4)
On April 22, 2013, the Company acquired a note and subrogation rights from National Public Finance Guarantee Corporation (formerly known as MBIA Insurance Corp. of Illinois) for an aggregate of $52.8 million, which are secured by a lien on, and the cash flows from, two student housing properties in close proximity to the University of Central Florida and currently under a ground lease with the UCF Foundation.  The instruments carry an interest rate of 5.123 percent. The acquisition facilitated the settlement of litigation related to a third-party management agreement for the properties with a GMH entity that was acquired by the company’s 2008 merger with GMH.  The acquisition resulted in a non-cash settlement charge of $2.8 million recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2013 to reflect the fair market valuation of the instruments. Management believes it is appropriate to exclude this non-cash charge from FFOM in order to more accurately present the operating results of the company on a comparative basis during the periods presented.    
 
 
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(5)
Immediately prior to our purchase of University Heights from Fund II (see footnote 2 above), Fund II negotiated a Settlement Agreement with the lender of the property’s mortgage loan whereby the lender agreed to accept a discounted amount that was less than the original principal amount of the loan as payment in full. Accordingly, Fund II recorded a gain on debt restructuring to reflect the discounted payoff.  Our 10% share of such gain is reflected above as an adjustment to FFOM.
 
(6)
Represents a non-cash loss recorded to remeasure our equity method investment in Fund II to fair value as a result of our purchase of the full ownership interest in University Heights from Fund II in January 2012.
 
Inflation
 
Our student leases do not typically provide for rent escalations. However, they typically do not have terms that extend beyond 12 months. Accordingly, although on a short term basis we would be required to bear the impact of rising costs resulting from inflation, we have the opportunity to raise rental rates at least annually to offset such rising costs. However, a weak economic environment or declining student enrollment at our principal universities may limit our ability to raise rental rates.
 
Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates.   Our future earnings and cash flows are dependent upon prevailing market rates.  Accordingly, we manage our market risk by matching projected cash inflows from operating, investing and financing activities with projected cash outflows for debt service, acquisitions, capital expenditures, distributions to stockholders and unitholders, and other cash requirements.  The majority of our outstanding debt has fixed interest rates, which minimizes the risk of fluctuating interest rates.  Our exposure to market risk includes interest rate fluctuations in connection with our revolving credit facilities and variable rate construction loans and our ability to incur more debt without stockholder approval, thereby increasing our debt service obligations, which could adversely affect our cash flows.   No material changes have occurred in relation to market risk since our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.
 
 
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Item 4.  Controls and Procedures
 
American Campus Communities, Inc.
 
 
(a)
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures for the quarter covered by this report were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 
 
(b)
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
 
 
(a)
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures for the quarter covered by this report were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 
 
(b)
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various claims, lawsuits and legal proceedings, including the matter discussed in Note 13 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part 1, Item 1.

Item 1A.         Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors that were discussed in Part 1, Item 1A of the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Item 2.   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3.   Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.   Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.   Other Information

None.
 
 
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Item 6.  Exhibits
 
Exhibit
Number
  Description of Document  
31.1
 
American Campus Communities, Inc. - Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
31.2
 
American Campus Communities, Inc. - Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
31.3
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. - Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
31.4
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. - Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.1
 
American Campus Communities, Inc. - Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.2
 
American Campus Communities, Inc. - Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.3
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. - Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.4
 
American Campus Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. - Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
     
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
     
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
     
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
     
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
     
101.PRE  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
     

 
42

 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
Dated:
May 9, 2013
 
               
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
       
               
By:
/s/ William C. Bayless, Jr.
 
       
                   
 
William C. Bayless, Jr.
President and Chief Executive
Officer
 
       
               
By:
/s/ Jonathan A. Graf
 
       
                   
 
Jonathan A. Graf
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer
and Secretary
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
Dated:
May 9, 2013
 
               
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES
OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.
 
 
 By:  American Campus Communities Holdings,
        LLC, its general partner 
 
By:  American Campus Communities,
Inc., its sole member    
 
 
 
               
By:
/s/ William C. Bayless, Jr.
 
       
                   
 
William C. Bayless, Jr.
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
     
               
By:
/s/ Jonathan A. Graf
 
       
                   
 
Jonathan A. Graf
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer
and Secretary
 

43