Corporacion Durango S.A. de C.V.
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-16
OR 15D-16 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of October 2005

Durango Corporation

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

Torre Corporativa Durango, Potasio 150, Ciudad Industrial, Durango, Durango, Mexico 34208
(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F. Form 20-Fx Form 40-F o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes o No x

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): 82-___.

 
 

 


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EXHIBITS
SIGNATURES

EXHIBITS

     Pursuant to Section 4.01(d) of the Common Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2005, among Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V. (the “Company”), the Guarantors and Additional Guarantors named therein, the A Lenders named therein, The Bank of New York, as Administrative Agent, Law Debenture Trust Company of New York, as Trustee, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Collateral Agent, Deutsche Bank Mexico, S.A., Institución de Banca Multiple, Trust Division, as Collateral Agent, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Guarantor Paying Agent, and the Subordinating Creditors named therein, the Company is required to furnish to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission the financial statements attached hereto as Exhibit 1 under cover of Form 6-K simultaneously with the filing of the Company’s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2004.

     The following exhibit is furnished with this document:

     
Exhibit 1.
  Partially consolidated financial statements of Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V. at December 31, 2004 and 2003.

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SIGNATURES

     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

         
  CORPORACION DURANGO, S.A. DE C.V.
 
 
Date: October 28, 2005  By:   /s/ Mayela Rincón de Velasco    
    Name:   Mayela Rincón de Velasco   
    Title:   Chief Financial Officer   
 

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CORPORACIÓN DURANGO, S. A. DE C. V. AND REPORTING GUARANTOR GROUP

PARTIALLY - CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND 2003

INDEX

         
Contents   Page
  1 and 2
 
       
Financial statements:
       
 
       
    3  
 
       
    4  
 
       
    5  
 
       
    6  
 
       
  7 to 46

 


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Agreed-Upon Procedures Letter

To the Board of Directors and Steering Group “Bondholder’s Committee” of
Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V.
(“Corporación Durango” or “the Company”):

We have performed the procedures enumerated below, at the request of the management of Corporación Durango, solely to assist you in evaluating the accompanying Partially Consolidated Financial Statements of Corporación Durango (prepared in accordance with the criteria specified therein) for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Corporación Durango’s management is responsible for the Partially Consolidated Financial Statements of Corporación Durango. This agreed-upon procedures engagement was conducted in accordance with standards established by the Mexican Institute of Public Accountants. The sufficiency of these procedures is solely the responsibility of those parties specified in this report. Consequently, we make no representation regarding the sufficiency of the procedures described below either for the purpose for which this report has been requested or for any other purpose.

We were not engaged to and did not conduct an examination, the objective of which would be the expression of an opinion on the accompanying Partially Consolidated Financial Statements of Corporación Durango. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. Had we performed additional procedures, other matters might have come to our attention that would have been reported to you.

We conducted an examination of the consolidated financial statements of Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V for the year ended December 31, 2004 and expressed an opinion that such financial statements presented fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company, for the period indicated in conformity with Mexican generally accepted accounting principles.

The financial statements of Corporación Durango for the year ended December 31, 2003 were audited by another accounting firm who expressed an opinion that such financial statements presented fairly, in all material respects the financial position of the Company, for the period indicated in conformity with Mexican generally accepted accounting principles (only applicable for 2003).

This report is intended solely for the information and use of the Bondholder’s Committee and management of Corporación Durango, and is not intended to be and should not be used by anyone other than these specified parties.

Javier Monroy, C.P.
July 14, 2005

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Procedures (except 2003)

1) Agreed the individual audited statements used in preparing the Partially Consolidated financial statements to those used in the audited consolidated financial statements of Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V.

2) Agreed Net Income in the Partially Consolidated financial statements to a schedule provided by the Company which total was then agreed to the consolidated audited financial statements of Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V.

3) Agreed / reconciled the accounting amounts and note disclosure of the net equity investment amounts to the amounts to the individual non-guarantor audited financial statements.

4) Agreed / reconciled the accounting amounts and note disclosure of the intercompany commercial transactions and intercompany loans and notes to the amounts to the individual audited financial statements.

5) Agreed / reconciled the reconciliation of net income and shareholders’ equity to U.S. GAAP work papers prepared by the Company.

Procedures 2003 (performed to financial statements audited by other accounting firm)

6) Agreed the individual audited statements used in preparing the Partially Consolidated financial statements to those used in the audited consolidated financial statements of Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V.

7) Agreed Net Income in the Partially Consolidated financial statements to a schedule provided by the Company which total was then agreed to the consolidated audited financial statements of Corporación Durango, S.A. de C.V.

8) Agreed / reconciled the accounting amounts and note disclosure of the net equity investment amounts to the amounts to the individual non-guarantor audited financial statements.

9) Agreed / reconciled the accounting amounts and note disclosure of the intercompany commercial transactions and intercompany loans and notes to the amounts to the individual audited financial statements.

10) Agreed / reconciled the reconciliation of net income and shareholders’ equity to U.S. GAAP work papers prepared by the Company.

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CORPORACIÓN DURANGO, S. A. DE C. V. AND REPORTING GUARANTOR GROUP

PARTIALLY - CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND 2003
(Notes 1, 2 and 3)
(In thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2004)
                 
    2004     2003  
Assets
               
 
               
Current Assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 4)
  $ 759,588     $ 557,180  
Accounts receivable - Net (Note 5)
    1,092,331       1,151,893  
Short-term related parties (Note 14.b)
    45,207       43,777  
Inventories - Net (Note 6)
    673,262       767,805  
Prepaid expenses
    1,045       4,812  
Current assets of discontinued operations (Note 17)
    104,493       88,559  
 
           
 
               
Total current assets
    2,675,926       2,614,026  
 
               
Long-term related parties (Note 14.c)
    295,792       144,212  
 
               
Investment in subsidiaries
    4,579,747       4,329,186  
 
               
Property, plant and equipment - Net (Note 7)
    7,299,450       7,475,503  
 
               
Other assets - Net (Note 8)
    237,844       492,340  
 
               
Non-current assets of discontinued operations (Note 17)
    249,296       265,970  
 
           
 
               
Total assets
  $ 15,338,055     $ 15,321,237  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities
               
 
               
Current Liabilities:
               
Short-term debt (Note 9)
  $ 42,152     $ 8,215,598  
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 9)
    83,034       80,302  
Short-term related parties (Note 14.d)
    6,460       54,968  
Notes payable
    36,966       42,234  
Accrued interest
    1,032       1,436,990  
Trade accounts payable
    302,585       433,892  
Accrued expenses and taxes
    482,105       269,936  
Employee statutory profit sharing
    848       1,800  
Current liabilities of discontinued operations (Note 17)
    126,912       89,071  
 
           
 
               
Total current liabilities
    1,082,094       10,624,791  
 
           
 
               
Long-term Liabilities:
               
Long-term debt (Note 9)
    6,125,809       127,166  
Long-term related parties (Note 14.e)
    1,509,220       1,441,004  
Long-term notes payable
    46,842       49,259  
Deferred income taxes (Note 16)
    1,376,144       1,052,098  
Pension plans and seniority premiums (Note 11)
    300,477       204,130  
Long –term liabilities of discontinued operations (Note 17)
    145,341       200,120  
Liabilities to be capitalized (Notes 9.c and 20)
    3,158,970        
 
           
 
               
Total long-term liabilities
    12,662,803       3,073,777  
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities
    13,744,897       13,698,568  
 
           
 
               
Stockholders ´Equity:
               
Common stock (Note 12)
    4,988,460       4,988,413  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,459,044       1,459,044  
Retained earnings
    2,599,015       6,118,130  
Net gain (loss) for the period
    60,790       (3,519,115 )
Loss from holding non-monetary assets
    (4,558,746 )     (4,399,583 )
Cumulative initial effect of deferred income taxes
    (3,240,795 )     (3,240,795 )
Cumulative translation adjustment of foreign subsidiaries
    256,894       187,259  
 
           
 
               
Majority stockholders ´equity
    1,564,662       1,593,353  
 
               
Minority stockholders ´equity in consolidated subsidiaries
    28,496       29,316  
 
           
 
               
Total stockholders’ equity
    1,593,158       1,622,669  
 
           
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 18 and 19)
           
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 15,338,055     $ 15,321,237  
 
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these partially - consolidated financial statements.

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CORPORACIÓN DURANGO, S. A. DE C. V. AND REPORTING GUARANTOR GROUP

PARTIALLY - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND 2003
(Notes 1, 2 and 3)
(In thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2004)
                 
    2004     2003  
Net sales
  $ 4,318,708     $ 4,152,656  
 
               
Cost of sales
    3,455,255       3,267,800  
 
           
 
               
Gross profit
    863,453       884,856  
 
               
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    462,762       477,598  
 
           
 
               
Operating income
    400,691       407,258  
 
           
 
               
Other income (expenses) - Net (Note 15)
    61,226       (640,847 )
 
           
 
               
Net comprehensive financing cost:
               
Interest expense
    (1,066,897 )     (1,137,343 )
Interest income
    82,648       53,518  
Exchange gain (loss)
    74,194       (778,868 )
Gain on monetary position
    469,724       359,937  
 
           
 
               
 
    (440,331 )     (1,502,756 )
 
           
 
               
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, employee statutory profit sharing and equity in income (loss) of associated companies
    21,586       (1,736,345 )
 
           
 
               
Income tax benefit (Note 16)
    (399,352 )    508,184  
Employee statutory profit sharing
          (1,070 )
 
           
 
               
 
    (399,352 )     507,114  
 
           
 
               
Income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in non-consolidated subsidiaries
    (377,766 )     (1,229,231 )
Equity in the income (loss) of non-consolidated subsidiaries
    336,394       (2,203,766 )
 
           
 
               
Loss from continuing operations
    (41,372 )     (3,432,997 )
 
               
Discontinued operations - Net (Note 17)
    101,989       (93,397 )
 
           
 
               
Consolidated net gain (loss)
  $ 60,617     ($ 3,526,394 )
 
           
 
               
Net income (loss):
               
Majority interest
  $ 60,790     ($ 3,519,115 )
Minority interest
    (173 )     (7,279 )
 
           
 
               
Consolidated net gain (loss)
  $ 60,617     ($ 3,526,394 )
 
           
 
               
Basic and diluted net (loss) per share of:
               
Continuing operations
    (0.45 )     (36.94 )
Discontinued operations
    1.11       (1.00 )
 
           
 
               
Basic and diluted net gain (loss) per share
    0.66       (37.94 )
 
           
 
               
Weighted average of shares outstanding
    91,834,192       92,942,916  
 
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these partially - consolidated financial statements.

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CORPORACIÓN DURANGO, S. A. DE C. V. AND REPORTING GUARANTOR GROUP

PARTIALLY - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND 2003
(Notes 1, 2 and 3)

(In thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2004)

                                                                                 
                                                    Cumulative     Cumulative     Minority        
                                    Loss from     Additional     initial effect     translation     stockholders        
    Common             Additional             holding non     liability     of deferred     adjustment     equity in     Total  
    stock     Treasury     paid-in     Retained     monetary     for seniority     income     of foreign     consolidated     stockholder’s  
    (Note 12)     stock     capital     earnings     assets     premiums     taxes     subsidiaries     subsidiaries     equity  
Balances as of January 1, 2003
  $ 5,110,092     ($ 121,679 )   $ 1,459,044     $ 6,456,597     ($ 4,813,166 )   ($ 154,051 )   ($ 3,240,795 )   $ 91,813     $ 34,900     $ 4,822,755  
 
                                                                               
Reduction of common stock (Note 12.b)
    (121,679 )     121,679                                                                
 
                                                                               
Transfer of the additional liability seniority premiums (Note 11)
                            (154,051 )             154,051                                
 
                                                                               
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable due from shareholders (Note 14.c)
                            (184,416 )                                             (184,416 )
 
                                                                               
Comprehensive loss
                            (3,519,115 )     413,583                       95,446       (5,584 )     (3,015,670 )
 
                                                           
 
                                                                               
Balances as of December 31, 2003
    4,988,413             1,459,044       2,599,015       (4,399,583 )           (3,240,795 )     187,259       29,316       1,622,669  
 
                                                                               
Increase in common stock (Note 12.c)
    47                                                                       47  
 
                                                                               
Comprehensive loss
                            60,790       (159,163 )                     69,635       (820 )     (29,558 )
 
                                                           
 
                                                                               
Balances as of December 31, 2004
  $ 4,988,460     $     $ 1,459,044     $ 2,659,805     ($ 4,558,746 )   $     ($ 3,240,795 )   $ 256,894     $ 28,496     $ 1,593,158  
 
                                                           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these partially - consolidated financial statements.

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CORPORACIÓN DURANGO, S. A. DE C. V. AND REPORTING GUARANTOR GROUP

PARTIALLY - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN FINANCIAL POSITION

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND 2003
(Notes 1, 2 and 3)

(In thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2004)

                 
    2004     2003  
Operating activities:
               
Consolidated loss from continuing operations
  ($ 41,372 )   ($ 3,432,997 )
Items applied to income that did not require (provided) resources:
               
Participation in subsidiaries
    (336,394 )     2,203,766  
Depreciation and amortization
    254,007       250,741  
Amortization of debt issuance costs and other financing costs
    322,762       89,834  
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
    12,933       4,842  
Impairment of long-lived assets
          616,708  
Loss on operations of Durango Paper Company
          331,444  
Deferred income tax
    391,641       (541,621 )
Other
    18,688       (235,950 )
 
           
 
               
 
    622,265       (713,233 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Trade accounts receivable - Net
    150,325       129,647  
Inventories - Net
    94,543       (5,586 )
Other current assets
    (88,426 )     (72,486 )
Trade accounts payable
    (131,307 )     58,001  
Accrued interest
          1,007,559  
Accrued expenses and taxes other than income taxes
    66,957       76,961  
Other - Net
    90,484       735,475  
 
           
 
               
Net resources provided by operating activities before discontinued operations
    804,841       1,216,338  
 
               
Assets of discontinued operations
    (15,934 )     79,405  
Liabilities of discontinued operations
    37,841       7,211  
Discontinued operations, net of items that did not require resources
    101,989       (93,397 )
 
           
 
               
 
    123,896       (6,781 )
 
           
 
               
Net resources generated by operating activities
    928,737       1,209,557  
 
               
Financing activities:
               
Short-term and long-term debt
    23,665       259,874  
Payments of long-term debt
    (612,040 )     (270,444 )
Common stock increase
    47        
 
           
 
               
Net resources used in financing activities
    (588,328 )     (10,570 )
 
           
 
               
Investing activities:
               
Acquisition of machinery and equipment
    (143,604 )     (80,080 )
Sale of property, plant and equipment
    14,335       88,719  
Investment in subsidiaries
          (790,307 )
Other assets
    (8,732 )     13,004  
 
           
 
               
Net resources used in investing activities
    (138,001 )     (768,664 )
 
           
 
               
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
    202,408       430,323  
Balance of cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    557,180       126,857  
 
           
 
               
Balance of cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 759,588     $ 557,180  
 
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these partially - consolidated financial statements.

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CORPORACIÓN DURANGO, S. A. DE C. V. AND REPORTING GUARANTOR GROUP

NOTES TO PARTIALLY - CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND 2003

(In thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2004)

NOTE 1 - THE ENTITY:

a.   Entity - Corporación Durango, S. A. de C. V. (“CODUSA”) and the Reporting Guarantor Group (the “Company”) are primarily engaged in the manufacturing and selling of packaging (corrugated boxes and multi-wall bags and sacks ), paper (containerboard, newsprint and bond) and other wood products (plywood and particleboard) in Mexico and in the United Stated of America.
 
b.   In October 2002, the Company sold its investment in Durango Paper Company (“DPC”) to Operadora Omega Internacional, S.A. de C.V. This sale resulted in an aggregate loss in 2002 of $1,587,373, which was recorded within other expenses in the statement of operations. The Company granted certain guarantees for a bank loan and certain letters of credit issued by DPC, amounting to $280,967 (US$25.2 million). During 2003, the creditors called these guarantees and consequently, the statement of operations reflects a charge of $275,792 (US$23.6 million). These liabilities were included in the restructured debt.

NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

a.   Debt Restructuring – Since November 2002, the Company was not able to make principal and interest payments on certain of its long-term debt (see note 9.c). As a result, certain of the Company’s long-term debt was reclassified to short-term in 2003. With the debt restructuring agreement executed by the Company in February 2005 (see Note 20), the balances of the restructured debt of the Company have been reclassified, as of December 31, 2004, to short-term and long-term in accordance with the new maturity dates on the restructured debt.
 
b.   Basis of presentation - These unaudited partially consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the restructured debt Common Agreement of the Company dated as of February 23, 2005. Such agreement requires the consolidation of certain operating companies that are guarantying the restructured debt.
 
    These unaudited partially consolidated financial statements should be read in connection with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004.

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    The information contained in these partially consolidated financial statements does not contain all of the information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with Mexican GAAP.
 
c.   Partial consolidation of financial statements - The partially - consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities and income of the parent company and the subsidiaries that are listed above. The ownership percentage in the capital stock of these subsidiaries is shown below. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in these partially - consolidated financial statements.
             
Group   Ownership    
(or Company)   percentage   Activity
Industrias Centauro, S. A. de C. V.
    99 %   Manufacturing of paper for corrugated boxes
 
           
Compañía Papelera de Atenquique, S. A. de C. V.
    98 %   Manufacturing of paper for corrugated boxes
 
           
Envases y Empaques de México, S. A. de C. V.
    100 %   Manufacturing of corrugated boxes and multi-wall sacks
 
           
Empaques de Cartón Titán, S. A. de C. V.
    100 %   Manufacturing of corrugated paper packaging and multi-wall sacks
 
           
Ponderosa Industrial de México, S. A. de C. V.
    100 %   Manufacturing of plywood and particleboard
 
           
Administración Corporativa de Durango, S. A. de C. V.
    100 %   Administrative services

d.   Translation of financial statements of foreign subsidiaries - The financial statements of the foreign subsidiaries that are recorded in the participation method and operate independently of CODUSA, the accounting policies of this companies are the same as those of CODUSA, the local currency financial statements are restated to constant currency of the country in which the subsidiaries operate by using the change in the consumer price index of the country. Subsequently, all assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at year end closing. The capital stock is translated at the historical exchange rate and retained earnings at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date on which they arise, and income, costs and expenses at the exchange rate in effect on the date they are recorded.

NOTE 3 - ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are as follows:

a.   Estimates - The preparation of the financial statements require the Company ´s management to make certain estimates and assumptions for valuation purposes and to make certain required disclosures. Although actual results could differ from those estimates, the company ´s

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management believes that the estimates and assumptions used are adequate in the circumstances.

b.   Recognition of the effects of inflation- The partially - consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Statement B-10 “Recognition of the Effects of Inflation on Financial Information,” issued by the Mexican Institute of Public Accountants (“MIPA”), which provides guidance for the recognition of the effects of inflation.

  i.   The Company restates its statement of operations to reflect the purchasing power of the Mexican peso as of the most recent reporting date (December 31, 2004), using a restatement factor derived from the change in the National Consumer Price Index (“NCPI”) from the month in which the transaction occurred to the most recent year- end. The financial statements have been restated to Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2004 purchasing power, using the NCPI as of that date. The financial statements of the previous years have also been restated in terms of the purchasing power of the Mexican peso as of the most recent financial reporting date, thus making them comparable. The restatement is determined by using a restatement factor derived from the change in the NCPI, which for 2004 and 2003 was 1.0519 and 1.0397, respectively. Therefore, these amounts differ from those previously reported.
 
  ii.   Capital stock, additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit represent the historical cost of these items stated in purchasing power as of the most recent balance sheet date, calculated by applying factors derived from the change in the NCPI.
 
  iii.   The gain or loss on net monetary position represents the inflation gain or loss, measured in terms of the NCPI, on net monthly monetary assets and liabilities for the year, expressed in pesos of purchasing power as of the most recent balance sheet date.
 
  iv.   Comprehensive financing income (cost) consists of interest income and expense, exchange gains or losses, and the gain or loss on the net monetary position.
 
  v.   Statement B-12 “Statement of Changes in Financial Position,” issued by the MIPA, specifies the appropriate presentation of the statement of changes in financial position when the financial statements have been restated in constant monetary units. Statement B-12 identifies the sources and applications of resources as the differences between beginning and ending financial statement balances in constant monetary units. The Statement also requires that monetary and foreign exchange gains and losses not be treated as non-cash items in the determination of resources provided by operations.

c.   Cash equivalents – Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and are stated at the lower of acquisition cost, plus accrued yields, or their estimated net realizable value.

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d.   Inventories and cost of sales - Inventories are stated at the lower average cost or net realizable value, which is similar to the most recent purchase price or production cost. Cost of sales is stated at replacement cost at the time of sale.
 
e.   Spare parts and Materials - Spare parts and materials are used in the production process and are valued at the lower of weighted averaged cost or market. Additionally, they are restated to constant purchasing power using factors derived from the change in the NCPI:.
 
f.   Property, plant and equipment – Property, plant and equipment are initially recorded at acquisition cost and are restated to constant purchasing power using the NCPI. For fixed assets of non-Mexican, acquisition cost is restated in the constant currency of the country of origin then converted into Mexican pesos at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Depreciation is calculated based on units produced in the period in relation to the total estimated production of the assets over their service lives, as follows:
     
    Years
Buildings
  25-50
Industrial machinery and equipment
  23-40
Transportation equipment
  1-5
Computer equipment
  1-3
Office furniture and equipment
  5-10

These assets are evaluated annually for potential impairment.

Recurring maintenance and repair expenditures are charged to operating expense as incurred. Major overhauls to fixed assets are capitalized and amortized over the period in which benefits are expected to be received.

Comprehensive financing cost incurred during the period of construction and installation of property, plant and equipment is capitalized and restated applying the NCPI.

g.   Impairment of long-lived assets. Through December 31, 2003, the Company evaluates potential impairment losses to long-lived assets by assessing whether the unamortized carrying amount can be recovered over the remaining life of the assets through undiscounted future expected cash flows generated by the assets without interest charges. If the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the assets, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
 
    Effective January 1, 2004, the Company adopted Statement C-15 “Impairment in the value of Long-Lived Assets and their Disposal”, issued by the MIPA, which establishes general criteria for the identification and, if applicable, recording of impairment losses or the decrease in

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    value of long-lived tangible and intangible assets, including goodwill. The Company performed its annual impairment evaluation of long-lived assets during 2004 and determined no impairment..
 
h.   Intangible assets - Intangible assets are recorded in the balance sheet, provided they are identifiable, provide future economic benefits and there is control over those benefits. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized Definitive lived. Intangible assets are amortized systematically based on the best estimate of their useful lives determined on the basis of expectations for future economic benefits. The carrying value of intangible assets is subject to an annual impairment evaluation.
 
i.   Financial instruments – Financial instruments held for trading or available for sale and are valued at fair value (which is similar to market value) with principal and losses recorded in the statement of operations. Fair value is the amount for which a financial asset can be exchanged or a financial liability can be paid in an arms ´-length transaction between interested and willing parties.
 
j.   Derivative financial instruments - Investments in derivative financial instruments for trading or for hedging purposes are recorded as assets or liabilities at fair value. Realized and unrealized gains or losses on those investments are recorded in statement of operations. In According to Statement C-2 “Financial Instruments”, derivative financial instruments that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in the balance sheet, on the same basis of the hedged assets or liabilities, and changes in value are recorded in each period in the statement of operations. Derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in the balance sheet at their fair value and changes in the fair value are recorded in each period in the statement of operations. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company had no derivative financial instruments.
 
k.   Pension plans and seniority premiums – Pension plans and seniority premiums to which employees are entitled upon termination of employment after 15 years of service, to which they do not contribute, are recorded as costs for the years in which the respective services are rendered, based on actuarial studies using the projected unit credit method. (See Note 11)
 
    Other compensation based on seniority to which employees are entitled in the event of dismissal or death, in accordance with the Federal Labor Law, are charged to income in the year in which they become payable.
 
l.   Debt issuance costs - Debt issuance costs, which are included in other assets, are capitalized and restated by applying the NCPI. Amortization is calculated as a proportion between the period the debt is outstanding and the maturity period of the debt. In 2004, the unamortized balance was charged to income for the period, as a result of the exchange of outstanding debt for restructured debt.

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m.   Income tax and employee statutory profit sharing – Income tax is recorded by the comprehensive method of assets and liabilities, which consists of recording deferred tax for all temporary differences between the book and tax values of assets and liabilities. (See Note 16). AT paid is charged in the statement of operation due to uncertainty of its recoverability.
 
    Deferred employees’ statutory profit sharing (“ESPS”) is recorded only for temporary differences between the net book and tax profit for the period applicable to ESPS that can reasonably be presumed to give rise to a future benefit or liability.
 
n.   Contingencies - Liabilities for contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred before the date of the balance sheet and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
 
ñ.   Foreign currency balances and transactions - Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated into Mexican pesos at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Exchange fluctuations are recorded as a component of net comprehensive financing cost in the consolidated statement of operations, except those amounts capitalized as a component of construction of fixed assets.
 
o.   Stockholders ´equity - Common stock, legal reserve and retained earnings represent the value of those items in terms of purchasing power at the end of the latest period presented, and are determined applying factors derived from the NCPI to the historical values.
 
    Additional paid-in capital represents the excess of payments for shares subscribed over their par value, and is restated applying NCPI factors.
 
p.   Loss from holding non monetary assets – Loss from holding non monetary assets represents the initial accrued result on monetary position and the result of holding non-monetary assets pertaining to inventory and fixed assets, as well as the effect of the respective deferred tax, stated in Mexican pesos of purchasing power at the end of the latest period.
 
q.   Comprehensive loss - Comprehensive loss represents the net loss for the period presented in the consolidated statement of operations, plus the effects of holding non-monetary assets, the profit (loss) from translation of foreign currency, and other items required by specific accounting standards to be reflected in stockholders’ equity, but which do not represent capital contributions, reductions or distributions, and is restated by applying NCPI factors.
 
r.   Net income (loss) per share – Net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) of majority stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.
 
s.   Revenue recognition – Sales are recognized upon delivery of products and the receipt of customer acceptance. Revenues are recognized only when the Company has transferred to the

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    buyer the significant risk and rewards of ownership of the goods, and when the amount of revenue and the cost incurred or to be incurred in the transaction can be reliably measured.
 
t.   Segment information – The provisions contained in Statement B-5, “Financial Information by Segment” are mandatory for public entities listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores). Statement B-5 requires that companies look to their internal organizational structure and internal reporting system for purposes of identifying segments. For all years presented the Company operates in three reporting segments. (See Note 21).
 
u.   Exchange rate information (unaudited) - In 2004, the average exchange rate between Mexican pesos and U.S. dollars was $11.3091, and the December 31, 2004 period end exchange rate between Mexican pesos and U.S. dollars was $11.1495.

NOTE 4 - CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:

                 
    2004     2003  
Cash
  $ 238,169     $ 188,525  
Cash equivalents
    521,419       368,655  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 759,588     $ 557,180  
 
           

NOTE 5 - ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:

                 
    2004     2003  
Trade accounts receivable
  $ 1,029,897     $ 1,070,600  
Recoverable taxes
    92,193       109,138  
Other
    47,918       50,719  
 
           
 
               
 
    1,170,008       1,230,457  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    (77,677 )     (78,564 )
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 1,092,331     $ 1,151,893  
 
           

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NOTE 6 - INVENTORIES:

                 
    2004     2003  
Finished goods
  $ 90,855     $ 90,201  
Production-in-process
    234       446  
Raw materials
    227,500       244,248  
Spare parts and materials
    186,737       185,075  
Molds and dies
    73,620       77,007  
Other
    8,452       3,958  
 
           
 
               
 
    587,398       600,935  
Allowance for obsolete inventories
    (13,032 )     (11,710 )
 
           
 
               
 
    574,366       589,225  
Advances to suppliers
    26,424       26,706  
Merchandise-in-transit
    72,472       151,874  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 673,262     $ 767,805  
 
           

NOTE 7 - PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:

                 
    2004     2003  
Buildings
  $ 2,185,788     $ 2,179,026  
Industrial machinery and equipment
    12,323,202       12,353,804  
Transportation, computer, office equipment and furniture
    1,002,429       1,045,754  
 
           
 
               
 
    15,511,419       15,578,584  
Accumulated depreciation
    (7,774,103 )     (7,692,197 )
Impairment reserve
    (1,151,180 )     (1,151,180 )
 
           
 
               
 
    6,586,136       6,735,207  
Land
    698,889       705,152  
Construction-in-progress
    14,425       35,144  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 7,299,450     $ 7,475,503  
 
           

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 was $229,695 and $227,615, respectively.

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During 2003 the Company reviewed the recoverable value of its long-lived assets in use, based on future cash flows resulting from production and sale operations during the remaining useful life of the fixed assets evaluated, which is from 20 to 35 years after 2003. The effect of that evaluation resulted in an impairment provision of $635,721, recorded in the partially - consolidated statement of operations within other expenses. The deferred income tax effect was a credit to income in the amounts of $203,431.

As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company had temporarily idle assets with a net carrying amount of $10,972 and $97,814, respectively.

The Company’s assets that were acquired through capital lease are as follows:

                 
    2004     2003  
Industrial machinery and equipment
  $ 354,287     $ 372,674  
Accumulated depreciation
    (57,844 )     (46,543 )
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 296,443     $ 326,131  
 
           

As a result of its financial restructuring which was finalized in February 2005, CODUSA and its subsidiaries granted security interests over their principal fixed assets. In addition, various loans are collateralized with the machinery and equipment.

Unamortized comprehensive financing cost capitalized at December 31, 2004 and 2003 was $53,309 and $72,948, respectively.

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NOTE 8 - OTHER ASSETS:

                                 
    Intangible asset     Debt              
    of seniority     issuance              
2004   premiums     costs     Other     Total  
Cost:
               
Balances as of January 1, 2004
  $ 104,315     $ 634,007     $ 89,229     $ 827,551  
 
                               
Variation - Net
    83,591       (1,446 )     10,433       92,578  
 
                       
 
                               
Balance as of December 31, 2004
    187,906       632,561       99,662       920,129  
 
                       
 
                               
Accumulated amortization:
                               
Balance as of January 1, 2004
          309,799       25,412       335,211  
 
                               
Amortization for the period
          322,762       24,312       347,074  
 
                       
 
                               
Balance as of December 31, 2004
          632,561       49,724       682,285  
 
                       
 
                               
Net balance as of December 31, 2004
  $ 187,906     $     $ 49,938     $ 237,844  
 
                       
                                 
    Intangible asset     Debt              
    of seniority     issuance              
2003   premiums     costs     Other     Total  
Cost:
               
Balances as of January 1, 2003
  $ 70,736     $ 648,663     $ 89,702     $ 809,101  
 
                               
Variation - Net
    33,579       (14,656 )     (473 )     18,450  
 
                       
 
                               
Balance as of December 31, 2003
    104,315       634,007       89,229       827,551  
 
                       
 
                               
Accumulated amortization:
                               
Balance as of January 1, 2003
          222,337       2,286       224,623  
 
                               
Amortization for the period
          87,462       23,126       110,588  
 
                       
 
                               
Balance as of December 31, 2003
          309,799       25,412       335,211  
 
                       
 
                               
Net balance as of December 31, 2003
  $ 104,315     $ 324,208     $ 63,817     $ 492,340  
 
                       

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In 2004, the Company wrote-off debt issuance cost related to bonds in the amount of$322,762, due to advance maturity of those bonds, and to the issuance of a new restructured debt. In 2003, the charge to income for amortization of debt issuance cost was $87,462.

NOTE 9 - FINANCINGS:

a.   Short-term and long-term debt not capitalized to equity as of December 31, is as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Short-term debt
  $ 42,152     $ 8,215,598  
Current portion of long-term debt
    83,034       80,302  
Long-term debt
    6,125,809       127,166  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 6,250,995     $ 8,423,066  
 
           

b.   Financial restructuring

In November 2002, the Company defaulted on payments of principal and interest under its unsecured indebtedness. In December 2002, the Company retained financial advisors to advice it in evaluating debt-restructuring alternatives to implement a long-term solution to the Company’s capital structure and debt service requirements. The Company also began discussions with its bank creditors and certain holders of its debt securities.

On April 30, 2004, the Company entered into a plan support agreement with certain bank creditors and holders of its notes holding an aggregate of 55% of the outstanding principal amount of its unsecured debt. Under the terms of the plan support agreement, the parties were obligated to pursue and implement a financial restructuring along the lines contained in the agreement in principle with these creditors, including by means of a cash tender offer and certain exchange offers and, under certain circumstances, a prepackaged plan of reorganization under U.S. bankruptcy law. The participating creditors agreed that they would tender their unsecured debt in the offers and vote their unsecured debt in favor of the prepackaged plan of reorganization under U.S. bankruptcy law. The plan support agreement contained certain obligations of the Company and the participating creditors. These obligations were not met by the agreed upon dates and certain participating creditors terminated the plan support agreement on May 17, 2004.

On May 18, 2004, the Company filed a voluntary petition under Mexico’s Business Reorganization Act (Ley de Concursos Mercantiles, or the LCM) with the First Federal District Court in Durango, Mexico, or the Mexican court. On May 20, 2004, the Company’s foreign representative, Gabriel Villegas Salazar, commenced a proceeding under section 304 of the United States Bankruptcy Code with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the “304 Proceeding”) on the Company’s behalf. None of the Company’s subsidiaries filed for concurso mercantil or other bankruptcy protection.

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On May 25, 2004, following the Company’s filing under the Business Reorganization Act (the “concurso proceeding”), the New York Stock Exchange announced that the trading of the Company’s ADSs, 2006 notes and 2008 notes would be suspended immediately. On July 15, 2004, the Company’s ADSs, 2006 notes and 2008 notes were delisted from the New York Stock Exchange.

On August 13, 2004, the Company reached an agreement in principle with creditors collectively holding approximately 68% of its unsecured debt regarding the terms of a proposed plan of reorganization and a proposed new plan support agreement.

On August 25, 2004, the Mexican court declared the Company to be in commercial reorganization under the LCM. On November 17, 2004, the Mexican court certified the list of recognized claims in the Company’s concurso proceeding.

On December 23, 2004, the conciliator (conciliadora) appointed by the Mexican Federal Institute of Commercial Reorganization Specialists (Instituto Federal de Especialistas de Concursos Mercantiles) in the Company’s concurso proceeding submitted its plan of reorganization to the holders of recognized claims and the plan was executed by the Company and the holders of recognized claims representing 65% of the total number of recognized claims.

The plan of reorganization provided that, in exchange for their debt, the Company’s unsecured financial creditors would receive new debt equal to approximately 85% of the outstanding principal amount of the Company’s unsecured debt. In addition to the new debt, the plan of reorganization provided that the unsecured financial creditors would receive shares of the Company’s series B common stock, no par value, or Series B Shares, representing an aggregate of approximately 17% of the Company’s capital stock on a fully diluted basis.

On January 11, 2005, the conciliator submitted the executed plan of reorganization to the Mexican court, and on February 7, 2005, the Mexican court approved the plan of reorganization.

On January 19, 2005, the U.S. bankruptcy court overseeing the Company’s 304 Proceeding entered an order permanently enjoining its creditors from taking action against the Company in respect of their claims that were restructured in the concurso proceeding, as the well as recognizing and giving effect to the Company’s plan of reorganization and the order from the Mexican court confirming the same.

On February 23, 2005, the Company’s plan of reorganization was consummated. As a result:

    Bank creditors of the Company with claims against it in the aggregate amount of $1,611,298 (US$136.6 million) received 2,392,957 of the Company’s Series B Shares, representing 2.16% of the Company’s issued and outstanding capital stock, and the principal amount of the debt outstanding with respect to these claims was amended and restated under the Restructured Credit Agreement. Under the Restructured Credit Agreement, notes in an aggregate principal amount of $1,294,579 (US$116.1 million) were issued to the holders of these claims. These notes bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 2.75% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears and the principal amount of these notes will be amortized quarterly until the maturity of these notes on December 30, 2012.

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    Unsecured creditors of the Company with claims against it in the aggregate amount of $5,689,892 (US$510.3 million) related to the Company’s 12 5/8% Senior Notes due 2003, or 2003 notes, its 13 1/8% Senior Notes due 2006, or 2006 notes, its 13 1/2% Senior Notes due 2008, or 2008 notes, its 13 3/4% Senior Notes due 2009, or 2009 notes, and the note issued under its Euro Commercial Paper Program, or ECP note, received 16,412,961 of the Company’s Series B Shares, representing 14.84% of its issued and outstanding capital stock, and an aggregate principal amount of $4,836,492 (US$433.8 million) of its 2012 notes in respect to these claims. The 2012 notes bear interest at a rate of 7.50% per annum until December 31, 2005, 8.50% per annum from January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2006, and 9.50% per annum thereafter, payable quarterly in arrears, and mature on December 30, 2012.

c.   Total short-term and long-term debt by composition as of December 31, after reclassifications described in Note 2.a, is as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Restructured debt
               
Senior Notes (1)
  $ 4,789,107     $ 5,973,279  
Bank loans (2)
    1,247,336       1,555,751  
Letters of credit (2)
    47,243       58,927  
Euro Commercial Paper (1)
    47,385       59,102  
 
           
 
  $ 6,131,071     $ 7,647,059  
 
           
 
               
Non-restructured debt
               
Notes payable
          568,538  
Financial lease agreements (3)
    118,664       204,813  
Other long-term debt (4)
    1,260       2,656  
 
           
 
  $ 119,924     $ 776,007  
 
           
 
               
Total debt not capitalized to equity
  $ 6,250,995     $ 8,423,066  
 
           
 
               
Debt to be capitalized to equity (5)
               
15% of principal to be capitalized
  $ 1,081,949          
Interest to be capitalized
    2,077,021          
 
             
 
  $ 3,158,970          
 
             
 
               
Total debt
  $ 9,409,965     $ 8,423,066  
 
           
 
(1)   Senior Notes and Euro Commercial Paper

Senior Notes consist of four issues, maturing in 2003, 2006, 2008 and 2009, as further described below:

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2003 Notes. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of the Company’s financial restructuring, the Company had outstanding $203,255 (US$18.2 million) aggregate principal amount of its 2003 notes. The 2003 notes matured on August 1, 2003 and were not paid. In addition, the Company did not make interest payments on its 2003 notes following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest of the 2003 notes was $260,554 (US$23.4 million). As part of the Company’s financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on its 2003 notes was converted into an aggregate principal amount of US$15.5 million of the 2012 notes and 563,348 of the Series B Shares.

2006 Notes. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of the financial restructuring, the Company had outstanding $3,364,284 (US$301.7 million) aggregate principal amount of its 2006 notes. The Company did not make interest payments on its 2006 notes following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest of the 2006 notes was $4,371,505 (US$392.1 million). As part of the Company’s financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on its 2006 notes was converted into an aggregate principal amount of US$256.5 million of its 2012 notes and 9,559,019 of its Series B Shares.

2008 Notes. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the Company’s had outstanding $115,542 (US$10.4 million) aggregate principal amount of the 2008 notes. The Company did not make interest payments on its 2008 notes following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest of the 2008 notes was $151,218 (US$13.6 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on its 2008 notes was converted into an aggregate principal amount of US$8.8 million of its 2012 notes and 334,333 of its Series B Shares.

2009 Notes. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the Company had outstanding $1,951,163 (US$175 million) aggregate principal amount of its 2009 notes. The Company did not make interest payments on the 2009 notes. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest of the 2009 notes was $2,631,773 (US$236 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on its 2009 notes was converted into an aggregate principal amount of US$148.8 million of its 2012 notes and 5,899,859 of its Series B Shares.

Euro Commercial Paper. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of the financial restructuring, the Company had one series of notes outstanding under the Euro Commercial Paper Program in an aggregate amount of $55,748 (US$5.0 million). As part of the financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on these notes was converted into an aggregate principal amount of US$4.3 million of the 2012 notes and 56,402 of the Series B Shares.

The Senior Notes and the Euro Commercial Paper were restructured in connection with the Concurso Mercantil process and the aggregate principal amounts of these instruments were

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exchanged for Notes due 2012 with an aggregate principal amount of $4,836,492 (US$433.8 million), which bear quarterly interest at the rates of 7.50% in 2005, 8.50% in 2006 and 2007 and 9.50% in subsequent years.

(2) Bank loans and letters of credit

Banamex Loan. The Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $1,048,053 (US$94 million) from Banamex under a loan agreement. This loan was payable in 10 quarterly installments beginning in June 2002 and bore interest at a rate of LIBOR + 2.8% payable quarterly. This loan matured in September 2004 and was not paid. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the outstanding principal amount under this loan was $839,955 (US$75.3 million). The Company did not make principal or interest payments under this loan following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest under this loan was $201,757 (US$18.1 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 318,455 of the Series B Shares to Banamex, and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$64 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on this loan.

Banamex Note. The Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $81,391 (US$7.3 million) from Banamex under a promissory note. This promissory note bore interest at a rate of 5.2% per annum payable semi-annually. This promissory note matured in December 2002 and was not paid. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the outstanding principal amount under this promissory note was $56,862 (US$5.1 million). The Company did not make principal or interest payments under this promissory note following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of due and unpaid interest under this promissory note was $16,534 (US$1.5 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 99,856 of the Series B Shares to Banamex, and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$4.3 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on this note.

California Commerce Bank Loans. The Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $297,469 (US$26.7 million) from California Commerce Bank under two loan agreements. The first California Commerce Bank loan agreement in the principal amount of $130,226 (US$11.7 million) bore interest at a rate of LIBOR + 2.75%. The first California Commerce Bank loan agreement matured in January 2003 and was not paid. The second California Commerce Bank loan agreement in the amount of $167,243 (US$15 million) bore interest at a rate of LIBOR + 3.25%. The second California Commerce Bank loan agreement matured in May 2004 and was not paid. The Company did not make principal or interest payments under the California Commerce Bank loan agreements following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of due and unpaid principal under the California Commerce Bank loan agreements was $269,595 (US$24.2 million) and the aggregate amount of due and unpaid interest under the California

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Commerce Bank loan agreements was $36,321 (US$3.3 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 199,872 of the Series B Shares to California Commerce Bank, and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$20.6 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the California Commerce Bank loan agreements.

JPMorgan Chase Loan. The Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $557,475 (US$50 million) from JPMorgan Chase Bank (f/k/a Chase Manhattan Bank) under a loan agreement. The JPMorgan Chase loan agreement was payable in five semiannual installments beginning in December 2000 and bore interest at a rate of LIBOR + 1.5% payable quarterly. This loan matured in December 2002 and was not paid. The Company did not make principal or interest payments under this loan following November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of due and unpaid principal under this loan was $111,495 (US$10 million) and the aggregate amount of due and unpaid interest under this loan was $6,843 (US$0.6 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 163,890 of the Series B Shares to creditors under this loan agreement and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$8.5 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on this loan.

Bank of America, N.A. Loan. The Company’s former subsidiary, Durango Georgia Receivables Company, borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $245,289 (US$22 million) from Bank of America, N.A. under a loan agreement. This loan was payable in five monthly installments beginning in August 2002, and bore interest at a rate of LIBOR + 3.0%. The Company guaranteed this loan. Durango Georgia Receivables Company filed for protection from its creditors under chapter 11 of the U.S. bankruptcy code in November 2002. Bank of America, N.A. called the Company’s guarantee in February 2003. As a result, the obligations under this loan were recorded as indebtedness of the Company in these financial statements. The Company did not make principal or interest payments under this guarantee. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of due and unpaid principal under this loan was $189,541 (US$17.0 million) and the aggregate amount of due and unpaid interest under this loan was $20,848 (US$1.9 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 292,019 of its Series B Shares to the creditor under this loan agreement, and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$14.5 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on its guarantee obligations.

First JPMorgan Letter of Credit. JPMorgan Chase Bank (f/k/a Chase Manhattan Bank) issued a letter of credit to SunTrust Leasing Corporation in the aggregate principal amount of $29,164 (US$2.6 million) for the benefit of the Company’s former subsidiary, Durango Georgia Paper Company. This letter of credit was drawn on April 19, 2000. The Company guaranteed Durango Georgia Paper Company’s reimbursement obligation under this letter of credit. Durango Georgia Paper Company filed for protection from its creditors under chapter 11 of the U.S. bankruptcy code in November 2002. JPMorgan Chase Bank called the Company’s guarantee on January 15, 2003. As a result, the reimbursement obligation under the letter of credit was recorded as indebtedness of the Company in these financial statements. The Company did not make principal or interest payments under this reimbursement obligation. Under the

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terms of the reimbursement agreement, past due obligations under the reimbursement agreement bore interest at a rate of 7.25% per annum. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of due and unpaid principal under this reimbursement obligation was $29,164 (US$2.6 million) and the aggregate amount of due and unpaid interest under this reimbursement obligation was $3,774 (US$0.3 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 53,910 of the Series B Shares to JPMorgan Chase Bank, and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$2.2 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the Company’s guarantee obligations.

Second JPMorgan Letter of Credit. JPMorgan Chase Bank (f/k/a Chase Manhattan Bank) issued a letter of credit to Pitney Bowes Credit Corporation in the aggregate principal amount of $34,563 (US$3.1 million) for the benefit of the Company’s former subsidiary, Durango Georgia Paper Company. This letter of credit was drawn on April 19, 2000. The Company guaranteed Durango Georgia Paper Company’s reimbursement obligation under this letter of credit. Durango Georgia Paper Company filed for protection from its creditors under chapter 11 of the U.S. bankruptcy code in November 2002. JPMorgan Chase Bank called the Company’s guarantee on January 15, 2003. As a result, the reimbursement obligation under this letter of credit was recorded as indebtedness of the Company in these financial statements. Under the terms of the reimbursement agreement, past due obligations under the reimbursement agreement bore interest at a rate of 7.25% per annum. At December 31, 2004, before recognizing the effects of its financial restructuring, the aggregate amount of due and unpaid principal under this reimbursement obligation was $26,419 (US$2.4 million) and the aggregate amount of due and unpaid interest under this reimbursement obligation was $3,261 (US$0.3 million). As part of its financial restructuring, on February 23, 2005, the Company issued 46,001 of the Series B Shares to JPMorgan Chase Bank, and a note in the aggregate principal amount of US$2.0 million was issued under the Restructured Credit Agreement with respect to the remaining principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the Company’s guarantee obligations.

(3) Financial leasing

Arrendadora Bank of America, N.A. Leases. The Company has entered into financial lease agreements with Arrendadora Bank of America, N.A. for the acquisition of certain machinery. The Company issued promissory notes in respect of the future minimum lease payments under these financial lease agreements in an aggregate principal amount of $192,886 (US$17.3 million) with maturities between February 2005 and August 2005. The promissory notes bear interest at rates ranging from LIBOR + 3.0% to LIBOR + 3.5% payable quarterly and are secured by a pledge of the leased machinery. The Company have sub-leased the machinery to certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2004, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under these promissory notes was $42,152 (US$3.8 million).

     GE Capital Leasing Leases. The Company’s subsidiary, Empaques de Cartón Titán, S. A. de C. V. (“Titán”), has entered into financial lease agreements with GE Capital Leasing for the acquisition of machinery. Titán issued two promissory notes in respect of the future minimum lease payments under these financial lease agreements in an aggregate principal amount of $111,495 (US$10 million) which are payable in 28 quarterly installments with the final payments

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due in October 2008 and April 2009, respectively. The promissory notes bear interest at a rate of LIBOR + 3.25%. The promissory notes are secured by a pledge of the leased machinery and are guaranteed by CODUSA. As of December 31, 2004, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under these promissory notes was $76,512 (US$6.9 million).

(4) Other long-term debt

Commerzbank Loan. The Company’s subsidiary, Ponderosa Industrial de México, S. A. de C. V. (“Ponderosa”), borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $161,530 (€10.7 million) from AKA Ausfuhrkredit-Gesellschaft m.b.H. or Commerzbank, under a loan agreement. This loan is payable in 15 semi-annual installments beginning in January 2003 and bears interest at a rate of EUROLIBOR + 1.15%. The obligations of Ponderosa under this loan agreement are secured by the certain equipment of Ponderosa acquired with the proceeds of this loan. In addition, the obligations are guaranteed by CODUSA. As of December 31, 2004, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under this loan was $116,915 (€7.9 million).

NAFIN Loan. The Company’s subsidiary, Compañía Papelera de Atenquique, S. A. de C. V. (“Atenquique”), borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $8,920 (US$0.8 million) from Nacional Financiera, S.N.C., or NAFIN, under a loan agreement. This loan is payable in 96 quarterly installments beginning in August 1981 and bears interest at a rate of LIBOR+ 0.8125%. This loan is secured by a first priority security interest in certain equipment and fixtures of Atenquique. As of December 31, 2004, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under this loan agreement was $1,260 (US$0.1 million). On May 13, 2005, the Company prepaid the balance of this loan without penalty.

(5) The reduction in the carrying value of debt the amounting to $1,081,949 (15% of principal amount capitalized) plus accrued interest capitalized of $2,077,021 which combined totaled $3,158,970; will be exchanged for an aggregate of 17% of the Company’s capital stock.

In connection with the restructuring process, the Company incurred legal, consulting, financial advisory, and other expenses amounting to $144,624 in 2004 ($287,048 in 2003), which were recorded within other expenses.

d.   As of December 31, 2004, long-term debt maturities are as follows:
         
Year ended December 31,        
2006
  $ 173,696  
2007
    173,066  
2008
    173,066  
2009
    161,142  
2010
    155,379  
2011 and thereafter
    5,289,460  
 
     
 
       
 
  $ 6,125,809  
 
     

e.   At December 31, 2004, the minimum rental commitments under capital leases are as follows:

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Total minimum lease obligations
  $ 120,863  
Unearned interest
    (2,199 )
 
     
Present value of lease obligations
    118,664  
Current portion of lease obligations
    62,039  
 
     
 
       
Long-term portion of lease obligations
  $ 56,625  
 
     

Capital lease obligations, which include a purchase option at the end of the lease term, are payable as follows:

         
Year ended December 31,
       
2005
  $ 62,039  
2006
    17,687  
2007
    17,687  
2008
    17,687  
2009
    3,564  
 
     
 
  $ 118,664  
 
     

NOTE 10 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

a.   Financial instruments - The estimated fair value amounts of the Company’s financial instruments have been determined by the Company using available market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies which require considerable judgment in developing and interpreting the estimates of fair value.
 
    The carrying amount of the Company’s cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and current notes payable approximate fair value because they have relatively short-term maturities and bear interest at variable rates, as appropriate.
 
    The long term debt consists of debt instruments that bear interest at fixed or variable rates.
 
    As of December 31, 2004, the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt was determined on the basis of CODUSA’s agreement of “Concurso Mercantil” which was then being negotiated and formalized with CODUSA’s unsecured creditors.
 
b.   Concentration of credit risk - The financial instruments that are subject to a concentration of credit risk are principally cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. The Company deposits and invests its excess cash in recognized financial institutions. The concentration of the credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across

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    different locations in Mexico and the U.S. There were no customers to whom sales exceeded 10% of consolidated net sales for any of the periods presented.

NOTE 11 – PENSION PLANS AND SENIORITY PREMIUMS AND POSTRETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS:

Pension Plans and Seniority Premiums

México - The Company maintains a pension plan for certain employees. In addition, in accordance with the Mexican Labor Law, the Company provides seniority premium benefits to employees under certain circumstances. These benefits consist of a lump sum payment of 12 days’ wages for each year worked, calculated using the most recent salary, not to exceed twice the legal minimum wage established by law. The pension plans and seniority premiums are unfunded.

The present values of these obligations at December 31, are as follows:

                 
    2004     2003  
Accumulated benefit obligation
  $ 199,403     $ 204,130  
 
           
 
               
Projected benefit obligation
  $ 229,556     $ 232,564  
Unrecognized items:
               
Variances for assumptions and adjustments based on experience
    2,307       7,308  
Transition amount
    (122,616 )     (140,057 )
 
           
 
               
Net projected liability
    109,247       99,815  
Additional minimum liability
    90,156       104,315  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 199,403     $ 204,130  
 
           
 
               
Intangible asset
  $ 90,156     $ 104,315  
 
           

The real rates (net of inflation) used in the actuarial calculations for the years ended December 31, were as follows:

                 
    2004     2003  
Discount rate
    5 %     5 %
Salary increases
    2 %     2 %

The amortization periods for the unamortized items are as follows:

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    Remaining Years  
    2004     2003  
Transition asset
    17       18  
Variances in assumptions and adjustments based on experience
    17       18  

In connection with the reorganization of the Company’s operations, certain administrative and operating personnel were terminated during 2003 and as a result, payments incurred totaling $62,338, were recognized and included within other expenses.

As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company did not have any defined benefits plans; therefore, during 2003 the additional liability related to seniority premiums, which was presented separately at stockholders’ equity, was transferred to retained earnings in the amount of $154,051.

Postretirement obligations

Since 2004, the Company started granting to its employees, postretirement benefits. Therefore, the Company recognizes since 2004, those labor liabilities for postretirement obligations.

The present values of these obligations at December 31, 2004 are as follows:

         
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation
  $ 101,074  
 
     
 
       
Postretirement other benefit obligation
  $ 100,672  
Unrecognized prior service cost to be Amortized in 17 years
    (102,832 )
 
     
 
       
Net projected liability
    (2,160 )
Additional minimum liability
    103,234  
 
     
 
       
 
  $ 101,074  
 
     
 
       
Intangible asset
  $ 97,750  
 
     
 
       
Other comprehensive income
  $ 5,473  
 
     

Total labor obligations presented in balance sheet are as follows:

                 
    2004     2003  
Seniority premiums and pensions
  $ 199,403     $ 204,130  
 
               
Postretirement obligations
    101,074        
 
           
 
  $ 300,477     $ 204,130  
       

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Total intangible asset - labor obligations are as follow:

                 
    2004     2003  
Seniority premiums and pensions
  $ 90,156     $ 104,315  
 
Postretirement obligations
    97,750        
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 187,906     $ 104,315  
 
           

Net period cost for the years ended December 31, is as follows:

                 
    2004     2003  
Service cost
  $ 6,774     $ 6,398  
Amortization of transition asset, variances for assumptions and adjustments based on experience
    16,574       8,511  
Financial cost
    14,157       9,105  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 37,505     $ 24,014  
 
           

NOTE 12 - STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

a.   Common stock shares at par value as of December 31 are comprised as follows:
                                 
    2004  
                  Inflation        
    Number of     Par     restatement        
    shares     value     effect     Total  
Fixed capital
                               
Series A
    46,613,171     $ 699,760     $ 1,832,188     $ 2,531,948  
 
                               
Variable capital
                               
Series A
    45,222,022       678,873       1,777,639       2,456,512  
 
                       
 
                               
Total shares
    91,835,193     $ 1,378,633     $ 3,609,827     $ 4,988,460  
 
                       

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    2003  
                    Inflation        
    Number of     Par     restatement        
    shares     value     effect     Total  
Fixed capital
                               
Series A
    46,610,100     $ 699,713     $ 1,832,188     $ 2,531,901  
 
                               
Variable capital
                               
Series A
    45,222,022       678,873       1,777,639       2,456,512  
 
                       
 
                               
Total shares
    91,832,122     $ 1,378,586     $ 3,609,827     $ 4,988,413  
 
                       

    Common stock consists of common nominative Series A shares without par value. The variable portion of capital stock cannot exceed ten times the aggregate amount of the fixed minimum portion without right to withdraw.
 
b.   On June 30, 2003, Board of Directors approved the conversion of 2,240,000 treasury shares; consequently, variable capital was reduced by $121,679 ($33,627 at par value). On April 30, 2004 Board of Directors cancelled the conversion of the 2,240,000 treasury shares and increased the fixed share capital by $282,360 and authorized the issuance of 18,808,989 treasury shares.
 
c.   On May 17, 2004, Board of Directors approved the contribution of $47 to its fixed share capital and the sale of 3,071 treasury shares.
 
d.   As of December 31, 2004, the Company had unsubscribed fixed share capital of $282,313 represented by 18,805,918 treasury shares.
 
e.   Retained earnings include the statutory legal reserve. The Mexican General Corporate Law requires that at least 5% of net income of the year be transferred to the legal reserve until the reserve equals 20% of capital stock at par value (historical pesos). The legal reserve may be capitalized but may not be distributed unless the entity is dissolved. The legal reserve must be replenished if it is reduced for any reason. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, the legal reserve, in historical pesos, was $251,267.
 
f.   Stockholders’ equity, except restated paid-in capital and tax retained earnings, will be subject to a tax at the rate in effect when a dividend is distributed. In 2004, the rate was 33% (34% in 2003) and will be reduced by one percentage point each year until reaching 28% in 2007. Any tax paid on such distribution, may be credited against pre-paid taxes and the income tax payable of the year in which the tax on the dividend is paid and the two fiscal years following such payment.

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NOTE 13 - FOREIGN CURRENCY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS:

a.   At December 31, the foreign currency monetary position is as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Thousands of US dollars:
               
Monetary assets
    27,634       22,210  
Monetary liabilities
    (852,704 )     (844,237 )
 
           
 
               
Monetary (liability) position, net
    (825,070 )     (822,027 )
 
           
 
               
Equivalent in Mexican pesos
  $ (9,199,118 )   $ (9,237,282 )
 
           
 
               
Thousands of Euros:
               
Monetary (liability) position, net
    (10,251 )     (10,346 )
 
           
 
               
Equivalent in Mexican pesos
  $ (155,439 )   $ (146,282 )
 
           

b.   Non-monetary assets of foreign origin at December 31, 2004 are as follows:
                     
        Balance in        
        foreign     Equivalent  
        currency     in Mexican  
    Currency   (thousands)     pesos  
Inventories
  US dollar     1,993     $ 22,223  
Industrial machinery and equipment:
                   
United States of America
  US dollar     254,700       2,839,773  
Brazil
  Real     183,374       769,766  
Japan
  Yen     120,018       13,070  
Germany
  Euro     32,122       487,071  
Canada
  Canadian dollar     12,343       114,728  
Other
        39,935       481,274  

c.   Transactions denominated in foreign currency were as follows:
                 
    (In thousands of U.S. dollars)  
    2004     2003  
Export sales
    44,878       42,034  
Interest expense
    (83,421 )     (87,801 )
Interest income
    68       31  
Import purchases
    (46,547 )     (39,649 )
Acquisition of machinery and equipment
    (555 )     (615 )

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d.   The exchange rates in effect at the dates of the consolidated balance sheets and issuance of the consolidated financial statements were as follows:
                         
    December 31        
                    April 14,  
    2004     2003     2005  
U.S. dollar
  $ 11.1495     $ 11.2372     $ 11.0615  
Euros
    15.1633       14.1390       14.0708  

NOTE 14 - TRANSACTION AND BALANCES WITH RELATED PARTIES:

a.   Transactions with related parties, carried out in the ordinary course of business, were as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Interest income
  $ 13,509     $ 26,378  
Sale of paper
    4,895       12,761  
Sale of industrial machinery and equipment and other equipment
          17,034  
Freight expenses
          44,517  
Air transportation services paid
    35,053        
Other income
          3,359  

b.   Short-term accounts receivable from related parties are as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Administradora Corporativa y Mercantil, S.A. de C.V. (1 and 4)
  $ 196,391     $ 184,416  
Durango Georgia Receivables Company (4)
    204,966       204,966  
Durango Paper Company (1, 2 and 4)
    61,609       61,609  
Grupo Pipsamex, S.A. de C.V.
    9,547       2,598  
Fábricas de Papel Tuxtepec, S.A. de C.V.
    9,975        
Fábrica Mexicana de Papel, S.A. de C.V.
          12,524  
Ectsa International
    11,582       11,852  
Papeles Formatodo, S.A. de C.V.
    1,033       1,779  

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    2004     2003  
Líneas Aéreas Ejecutivas de Durango, S. A. de C. V. (3)
    1,095       14,815  
Other
          209  
 
           
 
    496,198       494,768  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    (450,991 )     (450,991 )
 
           
 
  $ 45,207     $ 43,777  
 
           

c.   Long-term accounts receivable from related parties are as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Fiber Management of Texas
  $ 21,722     $  
Reciclajes Centauro, .S.A. de C.V.
    10,263        
Grupo Pipsamex, S. A. de C. V. (5)
    237,415       121,631  
Fabrica Mexicana de Papel, S.A. de C.V.
          22,581  
Fábricas de Papel Tuxtepec, S.A. de C.V.
    26,392        
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 295,792     $ 144,212  
 
           

(1)   Administradora Corporativa y Mercantil, S.A. de C.V - From time to time, ACM, a company owned and controlled by the Rincón family, borrows funds from the Company to fund principal and interest payments on its indebtedness. The outstanding balance on these loans was Ps (12.0)million at December 31, 2004. These loans bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum and mature on May 17, 2006. In 2004, we accrued interest income in an aggregate amount of Ps 9.4 million on these loans.
 
(2)   Durango Paper Company - On October 7, 2002, the Company sold its subsidiary, Durango Paper Company, and certain promissory notes to Operadora Omega Internacional, S.A. de C.V., or Operadora Omega. At the time of this transaction, all of the capital stock of Operadora Omega was owned by members of the Rincón family. The sale was made for an aggregate amount of US$100,000.
 
    Prior to this sale, the Company had guaranteed certain obligations of Durango Paper Company’s subsidiaries, specifically the Bank of America, N.A. loan agreement, the JPMorgan letters of credit, in an aggregate principal amount of $281,000 (US$25.2 million). In 2003, the creditors of these obligations called these guarantees. As a result, the Company recorded Ps 275.8 million as due from related parties in 2003 and recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts in the full amount of this obligation.
 
(3)   Líneas Aéreas Ejecutivas de Durango, S.A. de C.V. - The Company obtains flight services from Líneas Aéreas, a company owned and controlled by the Rincón family. Líneas Aéreas owns two business jets and provides transportation services to the Company’s subsidiaries and

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    third parties. For the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company purchased services from Líneas Aéreas for an aggregate amount of Ps 35.1 million.
 
    In 2003, Líneas Aéreas borrowed Ps 14.7 million from the Company. This loan bears interest at a rate of 15% per annum and matures on December 31, 2006. As of December 31, 2004, the outstanding balance of this loan was Ps 1.1 million. In 2004, Líneas Aéreas paid the Company interest in an aggregate amount of Ps 4.1 million.
 
(4)   During 2003, the Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts in connection with the account receivable from ACM. Durango Georgia Receivables Company and Durango Paper Company. Since the Company’s controlling shareholders own ACM the $184,416 charge was recorded in retained earnings.
 
(5)   Grupo Pipsamex, S.A. de C.V. usually enters into commercial transactions with Industrias Centauno, S.A. de C.V. and Empagues DE Carton titan, S.A. de C.V.. Such commercial transactions are the normal purchaser of raw material that Pipsamex use to produce its sale product.
 
d.   Short-term accounts payable from related parties are as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Fábricas de Papel Tuxtepec, S.A. de C. V.
  $     $ 10,892  
Fibras de Durango, S.A. de C.V.
    6,460       8,562  
Fiber Management of Texas
          17,571  
Durango McKinley Paper Co.
          8,998  
Porteadores de Durango, S.A. de C.V.
          8,945  
 
           
 
  $ 6,460     $ 54,968  
 
           

e.   Long-term accounts payable from related parties are as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Durango International, Inc. (1 and 2)
  $ 1,136,132     $ 1,118,355  
Fábrica Mexicana de Papel, S.A. de C.V.
    82,692        
Fibras de Durango, S.A. de C.V.
          104  
Durango McKinley Paper Co. (2)
    205,512       220,962  
Durango Internacional, S.A. de C.V.
    50        
Compañía Norteamericana de Inversiones en Celulosa y Papel, S.A. de C.V.
    11,253        
Porteadores de Durango, S.A. de C.V.
    73,581       101,583  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 1,509,220     $ 1,441,004  
 
           

(1)   During 2003 Durango International, Inc. sold its investment in Durango McKinley Paper to Codusa in us 70.5 millions.
 
(2)   As the Company has agreements with related companies, whereby all excess cash received or paid by the Company is included in, or funded by, clearing accounts or international cash pools within Codusa’s centralized cash management system. All of the arrangements were interest-bearing on an annual basis at a rate of 15% for accounts receivables and 8% for accounts payables.

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NOTE 15 - OTHER (EXPENSES) INCOME:

                 
    2004   2003
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
  ($ 12,933 )   ($ 4,842 )
Severance payments due to reorganization
          (62,338 )
Restructuring expenses
    (144,624 )     (287,048 )
Write off of debt issuance costs
    (322,762 )      
Reserve for fixed assets value
          (646,879 )
Impairment of long-lived assets
            616,708  
 
               
Loss from operations of DPC (1)
          (331,444 )
Gain on repurchase of debt at market value (2)
    620,779        
Other income (expense), net
    (79,234 )     74,996  
 
           
 
  $ 61,226     ($ 640,847 )
 
           

(1) This amount includes $275,792 of expenditures for certain guarantees granted by the Company on a bank loan and some letters of credit issued by DPC, which were called by the creditors (see Note 1.b).

(2) On August 5, 2004, HG Estate and St. Marys Railroad Corporation sold certain notes in an aggregate principal amount of $536,269 (US$48.1 million) issued by Durango Paper Company in favor of HG Estate and St. Marys Railroad Corporation, to the indirect partially-owned subsidiary Compañía Norteamericana de Inversiones en Celulosa y Papel, S.A. de C.V., for US$7.5 million ($ 86 million) which the parties agreed was the fair market value of these notes. The Company recorded a gain of $620,779, as a result of the purchase of these notes.

NOTE 16 - INCOME TAX, ASSET TAX AND EMPLOYEES’ STATUTORY PROFIT SHARING:

In accordance with Mexican tax laws, the Company is subject to income tax (“IT”) and asset tax (“AT”). The difference between taxable income for income tax and pre-tax income for accounting purposes is due principally to the inflation adjustments recognized for income tax purposes, translation effects due to the re-measurement into dollars, the difference between book and tax depreciation and amortization, and temporary differences for certain items that are reported in different periods for financial reporting and income tax purposes.

As a result of the amendments to the Income Tax (IT) Law in effect as from November 13, 2004, the IT rate will be reduced to 30%, 29% and 28% in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Therefore, the effect of those reductions on the IT rate were considered in valuing deferred income taxes arising in 2004, with a resulting decrease in the respective liability of $7,591, thus reducing the net loss by the same amount.

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AT is calculated by applying the 1.8% rate to the net average of the majority of restated assets and certain liabilities, and is payable only to the extent that it exceeds IT payable for the same period. If in any year AT exceeds IT payable, the AT payment for such
excess may be reduced by the amount by which IT exceeded AT in the three preceding years and any required payment is creditable against the excess of IT over AT of the following ten years.

The Company incurs consolidated IT and AT with its Mexican subsidiaries in the proportion that the Company owns the voting stock of its subsidiaries at the balance sheet date. Beginning on January 1, 2002, the proportion is calculated based on the average daily equity percentage that the Company owns of its subsidiaries during the year. The tax results of the subsidiaries are consolidated at 60% of such proportion and the tax results of the holding company are also consolidated at 60%. Estimated IT and AT payments of both CODUSA and its subsidiaries are made as if the Company had not opted for tax consolidation.

a.   IT (provision) benefit consists of the following:
                 
    2004   2003
Current
    ($16,357 )   ($ 119,354 )
Deferred
    (391,641 )     541,621  
Benefit from tax consolidation
    8,646       85,917  
 
           
 
               
 
    ($399,352 )   $ 508,184  
 
           

b.   At December 31, 2004 and 2003 the main items comprising the deferred IT liability balance are:

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    2004     2003  
Deferred IT liability (asset):
               
Property, plant and equipment
  $ 1,623,388     $ 1,925,403  
Inventories
    143,500       255,511  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    (23,303 )     (115,628 )
Accrued expenses
    (90,144 )     (121,779 )
Other assets
    33,288       60,689  
Other, net
    (11,692 )     13,059  
 
           
 
               
Deferred IT from temporary differences
    1,675,037       2,017,255  
 
               
Tax loss carryforwards
    (817,827 )     (1,073,592 )
Recoverable AT carryforwards
    (89,681 )     (48,074 )
 
           
 
               
 
    767,529       895,589  
 
               
Valuation allowance for the effect of deferred IT assets and recoverable AT
    608,615       156,509  
 
           
 
               
Net long-term deferred IT liability
  $ 1,376,144     $ 1,052,098  
 
           

c.   Due to the uncertainty of the recovery and use of recoverable AT and unamortized tax carryforwards to 2003, the Company established a valuation allowance for those amounts if does not expect to recover.
 
d.   At December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company has taxable temporary and permanent differences related to deferred ESPS, mainly inventories and property, plant and equipment, for which the deferred ESPS liabilities were not estimated nor recorded because the Company believes that they will not materialize due to the continuity of its operations..
 
e.   Consolidated unamortized tax losses and AT recoverable for which the deferred IT assets and prepaid IT, respectively, have been partially recognized may be recovered subject to certain conditions. Inflation restated amounts as of December 31, 2004 and expiration dates are:
                 
Year of   Unamortized     Recoverable  
expiration   tax losses     AT  
2005   $     $ 2  
2006     1,232        
2009     18,200       392  
2010           241  
2011     36,436       928  
2012     1,357,702       40,136  
2013     1,286,902       45,951  

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2014     280,286       2,031  
 
           
 
               
 
  $ 2,980,758     $ 89,681  
 
           

f.   For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, the change in gain loss from holding non monetary assets, as shown in the accompanying statements of changes in stockholders’ equity, is shown net of the effect of the related deferred income tax of $168,629 and $159,188, respectively.

NOTE 17 - DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:

As a result of the Company’s financial and operating restructuring, the Board of Directors authorized in 2003 the discontinuation and/or sale of certain subsidiaries or significant assets. The related operating results have been shown as discontinued operations in the accompanying financial statements for the years ended on December 31, 2004 and 2003. Discontinued operations are as follows:

a.   On February 27, 2003, the Company sold the assets of its molded pulp division for approximately $629,800 (US$53.7 million), resulting in a gain of $352,354, which is included in the net loss of discontinued operations in the accompanying statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2003. Additionally, according to the purchase agreement, the Company transferred to the buyer some accounts receivable and trade accounts payable, in order to permit the buyer to continue with production and sale of molded products.
 
b.   On November 14, 2003, the Company sold its investment in Productora Nacional de Papel, S. A. de C. V. for $342,800 (US$28 million), which gave rise to a $470,689 loss; said amount is included in the net loss of discontinued operations in the accompanying statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2003.
 
c.   During 2003, the Company’s management authorized a plan to sell a plant located in Chihuahua, which is primarily engaged in the manufacturing of particleboard. On September 24, 2003, the Company signed a letter of intent with a potential buyer. Based on the negotiations with the potential buyer, the Company reduced the book value of the net assets to be sold by $369,523, which is included in the net loss of discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2003. The letter of intent expired on October 25, 2004 with no agreement. Ending 2004, the Company’s board of directors decided to continue negotiations with interested potential buyers of this plant.
 
The balances and operations of this plant as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 are shown as discontinued operations, as follows:

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    2004     2003  
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 7,329     $ 3,453  
Trade accounts receivable - Net     62,770       59,774  
Inventories - Net     33,595       25,030  
Prepaid expenses     799       302  
             
 
               
Total current assets     104,493       88,559  
 
           
 
               
Property, plant an equipment - Net     249,286       265,960  
                 
Other assets - Net
    10       10  
 
           
 
               
Total long-term assets
    249,296       265,970  
 
           
 
               
Total of assets
  $ 353,789     $ 354,529  
 
           
 
               
Current portion of long-term debt
  $ 21,326     $ 31,689  
Trade accounts payable
    31,644       41,237  
Accrued expenses and taxes
    73,942       16,145  
 
           
 
               
Total current liabilities
    126,912       89,071  
 
           
 
               
Long-term debt
    95,968       117,012  
Deferred income taxes
    48,249       82,361  
Pension plans and seniority premiums
    1,124       747  
 
           
 
               
Total long-term liabilities
    145,341       200,120  
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities
  $ 272,253     $ 289,191  
 
           
 
               
Net assets of discontinued operations
  $ 81,536     $ 65,338  
 
           

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d.   The statement of operations reflects the effects of discontinued operations, which are comprised as follows:
                 
    2004     2003  
Net sales
  $ 335,089     $ 287,701  
Cost of sales
    280,641       281,003  
 
           
 
               
Gross profit
    54,448       6,698  
Operating expenses - Net
    30,781       31,085  
 
           
 
               
Income (loss) from operations
    23,667       (24,387 )
 
               
Net comprehensive financing income (cost)
    44,116       (132,435 )
Other income (expenses) - Net
    162       (33,756 )
Impairment of long-lived assets
          (375,065 )
 
           
 
               
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
    67,945       (565,643 )
 
           
                 
Revenue from sales of discontinued operations
          629,802  
Cost of sales of assets of discontinued operations
          277,448  
 
           
 
               
Loss on sales of discontinued operations
          352,354  
 
           
 
               
IT and ESPS
    34,044       119,892  
 
           
 
               
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations
  $ 101,989     ($ 93,397 )
 
           
 
               
Depreciation and amortization
  $ 15,227     $ 14,493  
 
           

NOTE 18- COMMITMENTS:

a.   Some of the Mexican subsidiaries lease certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The related rental expenses were $49,963 and $53,168 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. As of December 31, 2004, estimated future minimum lease payments were as follows:
         
Year ended December 31,      
2005   $ 26,789
2006   19,947  

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2007   18,947  
2008   16,947  
2009 and Thereafter   52,108  
 
     
 
    $ 134,738
 
     

NOTE 19 - CONTINGENCIES:

a.   Subsequent to the sale of Productora Nacional de Papel, S.A. de C.V., as described in Note 18, the Mexican National Water Commission billed the Company $165,296 for alleged differences in the payments of rights for extraction and use of national waters in 2001 and 2000. The Company filed an appeal with the Federal Tax and Administrative Court and is currently awaiting the court’s ruling. The Company’s management believes that there are insufficient grounds for the legal suit and that the court will rule in its favor.
 
b.   Similarly, subsequent to the sale of Productora Nacional de Papel, S. A. de C. V., the Mexican National Water Commission billed the Company $1,932 in taxes with respect to the fiscal years ended 1998 and 1999 for alleged differences in the payment of rights by the use or advantage of goods of the public domain of the Mexican Republic, such as receiving residual water unloadings. The Company filed an appeal with the Federal Tax and Administrative Court and is currently awaiting the acceptance of this appeal.
 
c.   As a result of operations with related foreign entities, tax differences could arise if the tax authorities, upon review, consider that the transfer prices and amounts used by the Company are not similar to those which would have been used with or between independent parties in comparable transactions.
 
d.   The Company has filed a request for an injunction against the Mexican tax authorities claiming the unconstitutionality of certain changes in the federal tax law as approved in the tax amendments which went into effect on November 13, 2004, specifically, regarding the new requirement to deduct cost of sales rather than purchases as had been allowed previously. Although the Company’s management and its legal advisors believe favorable rulings would be issued to the Company, the related impact has not been quantified.
 
e.   The Company would be obligated to pay severance payments to its employees in case of dismissal under certain circumstances under the Ley Federal del Trabajo (Federal Labor Law). As of December 31, 2004, there are no obligations for such severance payments.
 
f.   The Company’s Mexican operations are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations, including the Mexican General Law of Ecological Stabilization and Environment Protection (Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y de Protección al Ambiente) and the rules and regulations published under this law. Companies engaged in industrial activities are subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the Mexican Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources.

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    In 1988, the Company agreed with Mexican environmental regulatory authorities on a compliance plan that the Company proceeded to implement. The Company’s paper mills are in compliance with general standards promulgated by the Mexican regulatory authorities. In 1995, the Company purchased approximately 26% of Planta Ecológica Industrial, S.A. de C.V., a joint venture of industrial water users in Monterrey, Nuevo León. The venture paper mills in Mexico are subject to periodic environmental audits by the Mexican Ministry of the Environmental and Natural Resources. The Company has frequently been recognized for its environmental record and its role in implementing modern forest management techniques. However, there can be no assurance that relevant Mexican authorities will continue to find the Company’s environmental procedures adequate, or that more stringent environmental laws will not be enacted by Mexico in the future. Were enforcements of existing laws to increase, or new environmental laws to be enacted, the Company could incur material compliance costs.
 
    The Company’s U.S. operations are subject to federal, state and local provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment and otherwise related to the protection of the environment. Compliance with these provisions, and primarily the Federal Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Comprehensive Environment Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, or CERCLA, and Resources Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, has required the Company to invest substantial funds to modify facilities to assure compliance with applicable environmental regulations.
 
    The Company is committed to protecting the health and welfare of the Company’s employees, the public, and the environment and the Company strive to maintain compliance with all state and federal environmental regulations in a manner that is also cost effective. In any construction of new facilities and the modernization of existing facilities, the Company intends to use modern technology for air and water emissions. These forward-looking programs will minimize the impact that changing regulations have on capital expenditures for environmental compliance.
 
g.   The Company has initiated an injunction against the Mexican tax authorities regarding the methodology used to determine its employee statutory profit sharing. Management does not believe that any liabilities relating to this injunction are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

NOTE 20 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS :

a.   As discussed in Note 9c, on February 8, 2005, the Federal District Court of Durango, Mexico, approved a financial restructuring plan through “Concurso Mercantil” process proposed by the Company and supported by a majority of its unsecured creditors. Therefore, at December 31, 2004, the Company recognized the maturities of its unsecured bank debt and debenture liability and classified them as short-term and long-term in accordance with the restructuring agreement.

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On February 23, 2005, the agreements related to the financial restructuring were concluded and signed by the Company and its unsecured creditors.

Additionally, the restructuring agreement established the payment of 15% of the restructured debt through the issuance of 18,805,918 common nominative Series B shares without par value of CODUSA, which were issued on February 28, 2005 and resulted in an increase in common stock of $3,158,970 (US$283.3 million dollars). For disclosure purposes, set forth below are the consolidated condensed balance sheet showing the effect of this capitalization in the respective captions:

                 
    Actual     (unaudited)
Proforma
 
    2004     2004  
Current assets
  $ 2,675,926     $ 2,675,926  
Fixed assets
    7,299,450       7,299,450  
Other assets
    5,325,048       5,325,048  
 
           
 
               
Total assets
  $ 15,300,424     $ 15,300,424  
 
           
 
               
Short-term liabilities
  $ 1,082,094     $ 1,082,094  
Long-term liabilities
    12,672,443       9,513,473  
Stockholders’ equity
    1,545,887       4,704,857  
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 15,300,424     $ 15,300,424  
 
           

b.   On April 11, 2005, the company entered into agreement to acquire all of the capital stock of Empaques del Norte, S.A. de C.V. for US$5.8 million. The purchase price will be made in installments between April 2005 and May 2006. Payment of the first two installment payment payments has been made. Under the purchase agreement, the seller retains title to these shares until all installment payments have been made. Empaques del Norte, S.A. de C.V. owns a corrugated container plant with an annual production capacity of 25,000 short tons.
 
c.   On April 18, 2005, the Company purchased substantially all of the capital stock of Líneas Aéreas Ejecutivas de Durango, S.A. de C.V., or Líneas Aéreas, for $100 from certain members of the Rincón family and some of their children. Líneas Aéreas owns two business jets and provides transportation services to the Company’s subsidiaries and third parties.

d.    “Sale of Ponderosa (Unaudited) — On July 15, 2005, our subsidiaries, Ponderosa Industrial de México, S.A. de C.V. and Compañía Forestal de Durango, S.A. de C.V., sold the assets of our Chihuahua particleboard plant for US$30 million. As a result of this sale, the capacity of our other segment was reduced by 200 thousand short tons, we ceased producing particleboard and we no longer have any discontinued operations.”

NOTE 21 - SEGMENT INFORMATION:

The Company has disclosed its operating segments based on its components about which separate financial information is available and which is regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Reportable

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segments consist of one or more operating segments with similar economic characteristics, distribution systems and regulatory environment. The information provided for segment reporting is based on internal reports used by management.

The following summarizes the aggregation of the Company’s operating segments into reportable segments:

    Paper – This segment includes the production and sale of containerboard (linerboard and corrugating medium), uncoated free sheet, kraft paper and coated bleached board. This segment includes the operating results of the Grupo Durango division and the Grupo Pipsamex division in Mexico and Durango Paper Company and Durango McKinley Paper Company’s paper operations in the United States. The Company sold Durango Paper Company in October 2002 and no longer produces kraft paper and coated bleached board.
 
    Packaging – This segment includes the production and sale of corrugated containers, multi-wall sacks and bags and paper tubes. This segment includes the operating results of the packaging division in Mexico. The Company sold its paper tube manufacturing operation to Tubos y Especialidades de México, S.A. de C.V., a related party, in April 2003 for $2.1 million. As a result, the Company no longer produces paper tubes.
 
    Other – This segment includes the production and sale of plywood and particleboard.
 
a.   Information by operating segments of continuing operations:
                                                 
    2004  
                    Other     Total             Total  
    Paper     Packaging     segments     segments     Eliminations     consolidated  
Sales to external customers
  $ 434,505     $ 3,777,218     $ 106,985     $ 4,318,708     $       $ 4,318,708  
Intersegment sales
    2,068,122       250,027       94       2,318,243       (2,318,243 )        
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total sales
    2,502,627       4,027,245       107,079       6,636,951       (2,318,243 )     4,318,708  
 
                                               
Depreciation and amortization
    130,413       116,585       7,009       254,007               254,007  
Income (loss) from operations
    11,839       388,062       790       400,691               400,691  
 
                                               
Total assets
    9,011,346       30,766,829       977,108       40,755,283       (25,771,017 )     14,984,266  
 
                                               
Capital expenditures
    76,878       66,583       143       143,604               143,604  
 
                                               
Interest income
    591,556       1,872,771               2,464,327       (2,381,679 )     82,648  
 
                                               
Interest expense
    (793,601 )     (2,609,546 )     (4,173 )     (3,407,320 )     2,340,423       (1,066,897 )
 
                                               
Income tax benefit
  ($ 225,708 )   $ 732,554     ($ 107,494 )     (399,352 )           ($ 399,352 )

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    2003  
                    Other     Total             Total  
    Paper     Packaging     segments     segments     Eliminations     consolidated  
Sales to external customers
  $ 358,459     $ 3,709,103     $ 85,094     $ 4,152,656     $       $ 4,152,656  
Intersegment sales
    1,593,972       107,019       40       1,701,031       (1,701,031 )        
 
                                   
Total sales
    1,952,431       3,816,122       85,134       5,853,687       (1,701,031 )     4,152,656  
Depreciation and amortization
    131,187       109,256       10,298       250,741               250,741  
Income (loss) from operations
    (36,974 )     457,863       (13,631 )     407,258               407,258  
 
                                               
Total assets
    8,557,375       27,196,051       882,135       36,635,561       (21,668,853 )     14,966,708  
 
                                               
Capital expenditures
    45,787       33,730       563       80,080               80,080  
 
                                               
Interest income
    403,921       1,452,720       8,056       1,864,697       (1,811,179 )     53,518  
 
                                               
Interest expense
    (585,733 )     (2,355,965 )     (519 )     (2,942,217 )     1,804,874       (1,137,343 )
 
                                               
Income tax benefit
  $ 128,467     $ 308,200     $ 71,517       508,184             $ 508,184  

b.   General information of continuing operations by product:
                 
Net revenues   2004     2003  
Packaging
               
-Corrugated boxes
  $ 3,441,190     $ 3,393,767  
-Paper sacks
    336,028       309,283  
-Tubes
            6,053  
 
               
Paper-
               
-Containerboard
    434,505       358,459  
 
               
Other segments
    106,985       85,094  
 
           
 
               
Total consolidated
  $ 4,318,708     $ 4,152,656  
 
           

c.   Additional revenue analysis:
 
    Annual revenues from the following client groups to which the Company sells are:
                 
Net income   2004     2003  
Packaging -  
               
Food and beverage
  $ 2,454,751     $ 2,371,703  
Agribusiness
    458,776       521,546  
Aviculture
    305,851       256,938  
Maquila sector
    235,270       279,947  
 
               
Paper sacks -  
               
Cement
    208,673       159,614  
Lime and plaster
    67,878       55,062  
 
               
Forest -  
               

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Table of Contents

                 
Furniture manufacturers
    106,985       85,094  
Other
    480,524       422,752  
 
           
 
               
Total
  $ 4,318,708     $ 4,152,656  
 
           

NOTE 22 - NEW ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES:

Effective January 1, 2005, the dispositions contained in following Statements issued by the MIPA went into effect:

Statement B-7, “Business Acquisitions”, establishes, among other things, that the purchase method of accounting is the only acceptable method to account for business acquisitions. In addition, it modifies the accounting treatment of the goodwill, ceasing its amortization but subject to annual impairment tests. Statement B-7 also provides specific guidance for the acquisition of the minority interest and transfer of assets or stock amongst entities under common control.

Amendments to the Statement C-2, “Financial Instruments”, which requires that the fair value adjustments for available for sale financial instruments be recognized in equity.

Statement C-10, “Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Operations”, provides guidance for recording, valuing and disclosures applicable to all derivative financial instruments. In addition, it will require that the hedge effectiveness of cash flow hedges and of net investment in foreign subsidiaries be assessed and that the effective portion of the gains or losses on hedging instruments be recognized within comprehensive income (loss).

New dispositions of Statement D-3, “Labor Obligations”, which establish rules for the estimating and recording the liabilities related to severance payments due to employees upon dismissal. The Company estimated a severance liability as of January 1, 2005 of $ 4,109 related to this concept.

The Company estimates that the adoption of these new standards will not have a significant impact on its results of operations or financial position.

NOTE 23 - RECONCILIATION BETWEEN MEXICAN AND U.S. GAAP:

The Company’s Reporting Guarantor Group consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Mexican GAAP, which differs in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. The Mexican GAAP Reporting Guarantor Group consolidated financial statements include the effects of inflation as provided for under Statement B-10. The application of Statement B-10 represents a comprehensive measure of the effects of price level changes in the Mexican economy, and is considered to result in a more meaningful presentation than historical cost-based financial reporting for both Mexican and U.S. accounting purposes. Therefore, the following reconciliation to U.S. GAAP does not include the reversal of such inflationary effects. This

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reconciliation should be read together with the reconciliation between Mexican and U.S. GAAP in the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

The principal differences between Mexican GAAP and U.S. GAAP are presented in the following pages with an explanation of certain adjustments that affect the consolidated net income and shareholders’ equity. Reconciling items are presented net of any gain or loss from monetary position.

Reconciliation of consolidated statements of operations:

                 
    Years ended December 31,  
    2004   2003
Majority interest net gain (loss) as reported under Mexican GAAP
  $ 60,790     ($ 3,519,115 )
Deferred income taxes
    236,151       (126,632 )
Deferred employee profit sharing
    68,313       312,967  
Purchase accounting adjustments of depreciation
    90,545       47,225  
Effect of Bulletin B-10 on non – monetary assets
    (17,670 )     (20,711 )
Debt issuance costs and repurchase of bonds
    299,626       46,998  
Capitalized financing costs
    36,630       13,361  
Effect of Bulletin B-15 on prior years
          (1,005 )
Adjustment to loss on sale of subsidiary
          259,167  
Deferred start up, research and development costs
    3,702       3,409  
Investment in subsidiaries
    (45,939 )     314,352  
Effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments on minority interest
    (4 )     828  
 
           
 
               
U.S. GAAP net income (loss)
  $ 732,144     ($ 2,669,156 )
 
           

Reconciliation of consolidated shareholders’ equity:

                 
    Years ended December 31,
    2004   2003
Total shareholders’ equity corresponding to majority interest as reported under Mexican GAAP
  $ 1,564,662     $ 1,593,353  
Deferred income taxes
    (620,377 )     (266,884
Deferred employee profit sharing
    (685,316 )     (676,307 )
Purchase accounting adjustments:
               
Accumulated negative goodwill
    (1,043,174 )     (1,447,389 )
Accumulated depreciation
    185,377       371,887  
Effect of Statement B-10 on non – monetary assets
               
Fixed assets
    1,483,827       1,275,096  
Fixed assets accumulated depreciation
    (142,996 )     204,637  
Debt issuance costs and repurchase of bonds
    239,152       (60,473 )
Capitalized financing costs
    111,618       15,002  
Effect of Bulletin B-15 on prior years
          19,247  
Deferred start up, research and development costs
    (8,492 )     (84,373 )
Investment in subsidiaries
    (611,780 )     (1,184,956 )
Effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments on minority interest
          4  
 
           
 
               
Total U.S. GAAP shareholders’ equity
  $ 472,501     ($ 241,156 )
 
           

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