As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 16, 2005
Registration No. 333-
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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AROTECH CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware 95-4302784
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
organization)
Arotech Corporation Leland Nall
354 Industry Drive 354 Industry Drive
Auburn, Alabama 36832 Auburn, Alabama 36832
Tel: (334) 502-9001 Fax: (334) 502-3008 Tel: (334) 502-9001 Fax: (334) 502-3008
(Address, including ZIP code, and telephone number, (Address, including ZIP code, and telephone
including number,
area code, of Registrant's principal executive including area code, of agent for service)
offices)
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Copies of all communications, including communications sent to the agent for service, to:
Steven M. Skolnick, Esq. Yaakov Har-Oz, Adv.
Lowenstein Sandler PC Arotech Corporation
65 Livingston Avenue Western Industrial Zone
Roseland, New Jersey 07068 AND Beit Shemesh 99000, Israel
Tel: (973) 597-2500 Fax: (973) 597-2400 Tel: +(972-2) 990-6623 Fax: +(972-2) 990-6688
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time
to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective. [_]
If the only securities being registered on this Form are to be offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box.[X]
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered
on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act
of 1933, please check the following box.[_]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering.[_]
If this form is a post-effective amendment pursuant to Rule 462(c) under
the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering.[_]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box.[_]
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Proposed maximum Proposed Amount of
Amount to be offering price maximum aggregate registration
Title of each class of securities to be registered registered(1) per unit(2) offering price(2) fee(2)
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Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share 8,264,463 $1.22 $ 10,082,644 $ 1,186.73
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(1) Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the
number of shares of common stock registered hereby shall include an
indeterminate number of shares of common stock that may be issued in
connection with a stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or similar
event.
(2) In accordance with Rule 457(c), the aggregate offering price of shares of
our common stock is estimated solely for purposes of calculating the
registration fee payable pursuant hereto, using the average of the high
and low sales price reported by The Nasdaq National Market System for our
common stock on May 13, 2005, which was $1.22 per share.
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The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or
dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall
file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration
Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of
the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.
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Subject to completion, preliminary prospectus dated May 16, 2005
AROTECH
Corporation
8,264,463 Shares
Common Stock
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We are by this prospectus issuing and offering 8,264,463 shares of our
common stock as part of the earnout consideration for our purchase of FAAC
Incorporated ("FAAC") for the benefit of the former shareholders of FAAC. The
two former shareholders of FAAC (the "Former Shareholders") may offer their
shares in public transactions on the Nasdaq National Market at prevailing market
prices or in negotiated private transactions at negotiated prices.
Under the terms of the agreement pursuant to which we purchased FAAC, as
amended, an aggregate value of $10,000,000 in shares will be issued to the
Former Shareholders and sold by them until they receive total proceeds of
approximately $7,400,000. Any unsold shares remaining after total proceeds of
approximately $7,400,000 have been received by the Former Shareholders will be
returned to us for cancellation.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol
"ARTX." The last reported sale price for our common stock on May 13, 2005 as
quoted on the Nasdaq National Market was $1.21 per share.
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See "Risk
Factors" on page 9 for various risks that you should consider before you
purchase any shares of our common stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
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The date of this prospectus is , 2005
The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be
changed. The selling stockholders may not sell these securities until the
registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities
and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the
offer or sale is not permitted.
Table of Contents
Page
Summary............................................................. 3
Risk Factors........................................................ 9
Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.................... 19
About the Offering.................................................. 19
Use of Proceeds..................................................... 20
Selling Stockholders................................................ 20
Plan of Distribution................................................ 20
Description of Capital Stock........................................ 22
Legal Matters....................................................... 23
Experts............................................................. 23
Where You Can Find Additional Information........................... 24
Incorporation of Documents by Reference............................. 24
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Unless the context otherwise requires, references to us refer to Arotech
Corporation and its subsidiaries.
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SUMMARY
The following summary highlights some information from this prospectus. It
is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should
consider before making an investment decision. You should read this entire
prospectus, including the "Risk Factors" section, the financial statements and
related notes and the other more detailed information appearing elsewhere or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated, "we,"
"us," "our" and similar terms refer to Arotech Corporation and its subsidiaries
and not to the selling stockholders.
Arotech(TM) is a trademark, and Electric Fuel(R) is a registered
trademark, that belongs to us. All company and product names mentioned may be
trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
About Us
We are a defense and security products and services company, engaged in
three business areas: high-level armoring for military, paramilitary and
commercial air and ground vehicles; interactive simulation for military, law
enforcement and commercial markets; and batteries and charging systems for the
military. We operate primarily as a holding company, through our various
subsidiaries, which we have organized into three divisions. Our divisions and
subsidiaries (all 100% owned by us, unless otherwise noted) are as follows:
>> We develop, manufacture and market advanced hi-tech multimedia
and interactive digital solutions for use-of-force and driving
training of military, law enforcement, security and other
personnel through our Simulation and Security Division:
o We provide simulators, systems engineering and software
products to the United States military, government and
private industry through our subsidiary FAAC
Incorporated, located in Ann Arbor, Michigan ("FAAC");
and
o We provide specialized "use of force" training for
police, security personnel and the military through our
subsidiary IES Interactive Training, Inc., located in
Littleton, Colorado ("IES").
>> We manufacture aviation armor and we utilize sophisticated
lightweight materials and advanced engineering processes to
armor vehicles through our Armor Division:
o We manufacturer ballistic and fragmentation armor kits
for rotary and fixed wing aircraft, marine armor,
personnel armor, military vehicles and architectural
applications, including both the LEGUARD Tactical Leg
Armor and the Armourfloat Ballistic Floatation Device,
which is a unique vest that is certified by the U.S.
Coast Guard, through our subsidiary Armour of America,
located in Los Angeles, California, ("AoA"); and
o We use state-of-the-art lightweight ceramic materials,
special ballistic glass and advanced engineering
processes to fully armor vans and SUVs, through our
subsidiaries MDT Protective Industries, Ltd., located in
Lod, Israel ("MDT"), of which we own 75.5%, and MDT
Armor Corporation, located in Auburn, Alabama ("MDT
Armor"), of which we own 88%.
>> We manufacture and sell lithium and Zinc-Air batteries for
defense and security products and other military applications
and we pioneer advancements in Zinc-Air technology for
electric vehicles through our Battery and Power Systems
Division
o We develop and sell rechargeable and primary lithium
batteries and smart chargers to the military and to
private industry in the Middle East, Europe and Asia
through our subsidiary Epsilor Electronic Industries,
Ltd., located in Dimona, Israel (in Israel's Negev
desert area) ("Epsilor");
o We manufacture and sell Zinc-Air fuel cells, batteries
and chargers for the military, focusing on applications
that demand high energy and light weight, through our
subsidiary Electric Fuel Battery Corporation, located in
Auburn, Alabama ("EFB"); and
o We produce water-activated lifejacket lights for
commercial aviation and marine applications, and we
conduct our Electric Vehicle effort, through our
subsidiary Electric Fuel (E.F.L.) Ltd., located in Beit
Shemesh, Israel ("EFL").
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Simulation and Security Division
We develop, manufacture and market advanced hi-tech multimedia and
interactive digital solutions for use-of-force and driving training of military,
law enforcement, security and other personnel through our Simulation and
Security Division, the largest of our three divisions. During 2004, 2003 and
2002 revenues from our Simulation and Security Division were approximately $21.5
million, $8.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively (on a pro forma basis,
assuming we had owned all components of our Simulation and Security Division
since January 1, 2002, revenues in 2004, 2003 and 2002 would have been
approximately $21.5 million, $17.9 million and $20.3 million, respectively).
VEHICLE SIMULATORS
We provide simulators, systems engineering and software products to the
United States military, government and private industry through our wholly-owned
subsidiary, FAAC Corporation, based in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Our fully
interactive driver-training systems feature state-of-the-art vehicle simulator
technology enabling training in situation awareness, risk analysis and decision
making, emergency reaction and avoidance procedures, and conscientious equipment
operation. We have an installed base of over 220 simulators that have
successfully trained over 100,000 drivers. Our customer base includes all
branches of the U.S. Department of Defense, state and local governments, and
commercial entities.
In the area of Military Operations, we are a premier developer of
validated, high fidelity analytical models and simulations of tactical air and
land warfare for all branches of the Department of Defense and its related
industrial contractors. Our simulations are found in systems ranging from
instrumented air combat and maneuver ranges (such as Top Gun) to full task
training devices such as the F-18 Weapon Tactics Trainer. We are also the
leading supplier of wheeled vehicle simulators to the U.S. Armed Forces for
mission-critical vehicle training.
We supply on-board software to support weapon launch decisions for the
F-15, F-18, and Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) fighter aircraft. Pilots benefit by
having highly accurate presentations of their weapon's capabilities, including
susceptibility to target defensive reactions. We designed and developed an
instructor operator station, mission operator station and real-time, database
driven electronic combat environment for the special operational forces aircrew
training system. The special operational forces aircrew training system provides
a full range of aircrew training, including initial qualification, mission
qualification, continuation, and upgrade training, as well as combat mission
rehearsal.
USE-OF-FORCE TRAINING
We are a leading provider of interactive, multimedia, fully digital
training simulators for law enforcement, security, military and similar
applications. With a customer base of over 700 customers in over twenty
countries around the world, we are a leader in the supply of simulation training
products to military, law enforcement and corporate client communities. We
believe, based on our general knowledge of the size of the interactive
use-of-force market, our specific knowledge of the extent of our sales, and
discussions we have held with customers at trade shows, etc., that we provide
more than 35% of the worldwide market for government and military judgment
training simulators. We conduct our interactive training activities through our
subsidiary IES Interactive Training, Inc. ("IES"), a Delaware corporation based
in Littleton, Colorado.
We offer consumers the following interactive training products and
services:
>> Range 3000 - providing use-of-force simulation for military and law
enforcement. We believe that the Range 3000 is the most
technologically advanced judgment training simulator in the world.
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>> A2Z Classroom Trainer - a state-of-the-art computer based training
(CBT) system that allows students to interact with realistic
interactive scenarios projected life-size in the classroom.
>> Range FDU (Firearms Diagnostic Unit) - a unique combination of
training and interactive technologies that give instructors a
first-person perspective of what trainees are seeing and doing when
firing a weapon.
>> Milo (Multiple Interactive Learning/training Objectives) - a
simulator designed with "plug in" modules to customize the training
system to meet end user needs.
>> Summit Training International - providing relevant, cost-effective
professional training services and interactive courseware for law
enforcement, corrections and corporate clients.
>> IES Studio Productions - providing cutting edge multimedia video
services for law enforcement, military and security agencies,
utilizing the newest equipment to create the training services
required by the most demanding authorities.
Most of the customers for our IES products are law enforcement agencies,
both in the United States (federal, state and local) and worldwide. Purchasers
of IES products have included (in the United States) the FBI, the Secret
Service, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, the Customs Service, the
Federal Protective Service, the Border Patrol, the Bureau of Engraving and
Printing, the Coast Guard, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers, the
Department of Health and Human Services, the California Department of
Corrections, NASA, police departments in Texas (Houston), Michigan (Detroit),
D.C., California (Fresno and the California Highway Patrol), Massachusetts
(Brookline), Virginia (Newport News and the State Police Academy), Arizona
(Maricopa County), universities and nuclear power plants, as well as
international users such as the Israeli Defense Forces, the German National
Police, the Royal Thailand Army, the Hong Kong Police, the Russian Security
Police, users in Mexico and the United Kingdom, and over 700 other training
departments worldwide.
Armor Division
We manufacture aviation and other armor and we armor vehicles through our
Armor Division. During 2004, 2003 and 2002 revenues from our Armor Division were
approximately $18.0 million, $3.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively (on a
pro forma basis, assuming we had owned all components of our Armor Division
since January 1, 2002, revenues in 2004, 2003 and 2002 would have been
approximately $29.2 million, $10.9 million and $13.3 million, respectively).
AIRCRAFT ARMORING
We are an innovative manufacturer of lightweight personal, vehicle,
aviation, architectural and marine ballistic armoring. Our Armor Division has
years of battlefield and commercial protection experience and has provided life
saving protection under the most extreme conditions. Through our subsidiary
Armour of America, located in Los Angeles, California, we manufacturer ballistic
and fragmentation armor kits for rotary and fixed wing aircraft, marine armor,
personnel armor, military vehicles, architectural applications, including both
the LEGUARD Tactical Leg Armor and the Armourfloat Ballistic Floatation Device,
which is a unique armored floatation vest that is certified by the U.S. Coast
Guard.
We produce two kinds of armor, soft armor and hard armor, to support
customer armor requirements. Soft armor, which is capable of protecting against
all handguns and 9mm sub guns, is used in our ballistic and fragmentation vest,
military vehicle, marine, architectural and special application armor lines.
Hard armor, which is capable of protecting against rifle fire up to 50cal/12.7mm
API, is used in our ballistic chest plate, aircraft, military vehicle, marine
and architectural armor lines. Within these two basic kinds of armor, we offer
the product lines listed below.
Fixed and Rotary Wing Aircraft Armor Systems
We design and manufacture ballistic armor systems for a wide variety of
fixed and rotary wing aircraft. These systems are in the form of kits, with
individual contoured panels which cover the entire aircraft's floor, walls,
seats, bulkheads, walls, oxygen containers, avionics and doors. All of our
ballistic armor kits include a complete installation hardware kit containing all
items required for installation. The supplied hardware is designed for each
individual application in accordance with the installation hardware
certification, which has been provided by Lockheed-Martin. Additionally, the
fixed and rotary wing aircraft kits have been certified, by an independent test
facility that is approved by the FAA, to meet flammability requirements of
FAA/FAR 25.853, 12 Second Vertical Test and MIL-STD-810 Environmental Testing.
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Military Vehicles Armor Kits
For the military vehicle market, we provide ballistic armor kits to
protect against fragmentation and rifle fire, up to 50cal API for Humvees, 2
1/2- and 5-ton trucks, HEMTT wreckers and various construction vehicles. These
kits offer varying levels of protection for doors, floors, fuel tanks, air
bottles, cargo beds, troop seat backs, critical components and glass. To date,
we have protected vehicles deployed in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Kuwait. All of the
provided kits are designed for easy field level installation and include
required hardware and instructions.
Marine Armor Kits
For the marine market, we manufacture armor kits for the gun mounts on
naval ships and riverine patrol boats. During Operation Desert Storm, we
designed and manufactured .50 cal AP ballistic panels and deck mount brackets
for the U.S. Navy. Since then, we have designed and manufactured armor to fit
both the .50 cal and 25mm gun mounts on frigates, destroyers, cruisers and
aircraft carriers. The result of this effort is that we have delivered armor
systems to individual ships in the class and currently are pursuing armoring
additional classes of ships throughout the Navy Command.
Ballistic Vests and Plates and Body Armor
We manufacture a complete line of personal body armor, including
concealable, external and special application armor. The concealable armor vest
offers complete front, side and back protection using soft, lightweight, high
strength proprietary woven ballistic fabrics.
Our external vest line includes assault, tactical, riot, stab and T-panel
designs. Each of these designs can be modified to meet the individual wearer of
customer's requirements. Special application vests include the Armourfloat,
which to our knowledge is currently the only ballistic/floatation vest approved
by the U.S. Coast Guard; the Zip Out armor jacket, which offers covert
protection in both a lightweight jacket or vest design; and our helicopter vest,
which incorporates a unique protection/comfort design.
We offer a complete line of personal body armor including concealable
ballistic vests, military vests and external tactical vests as well as a line of
products specially designed for U.S. Navy Seal Teams and various law enforcement
agencies in the United States and overseas. Our hard ballistic armor, designed
to stop military rifle fire up to and including .50 caliber and European 12.7 mm
Armor Piercing Incendiary (API) rounds, is used primarily on fixed and rotary
wing aircraft, military ships and military vehicles, as well as in architectural
applications.
We have designed and manufactured special operations personal armor
including ballistic hand held shields and the LEGUARD(R) Tactical Leg Armor,
which offers complete front protection for the lower thigh, knee, shin and
instep.
Other Armor for Specialty Applications
In addition to aircraft, marine, vehicle and vest armor, we also
manufacture ballistic and fragmentation blankets and curtains for numerous
specialty applications. These applications include operator protection around
test equipment; rupture protection of pressure vessels, mechanical failure of
production machinery and high pressure piping. Additionally, we have supplied
armor for office use in protection of occupants from blast and glass fragments
of windows and isolation of security rooms from surrounding environments.
VEHICLE ARMORING
Through our majority-owned MDT Protective Industries Ltd. and MDT Armor
Corporation subsidiaries, we specialize in using state-of-the-art lightweight
ceramic materials, special ballistic glass and advanced engineering processes to
fully armor vans and cars. MDT is a leading supplier to the Israeli military,
Israeli special forces and special services. MDT's products are proven in
intensive battlefield situations and under actual terrorist attack conditions,
and are designed to meet the demanding requirements of governmental and private
sector customers worldwide.
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Battery and Power Systems Division
We manufacture and sell lithium and Zinc-Air batteries for defense and
security products and other military applications and we pioneer advancements in
Zinc-Air technology for electric vehicles through our Battery and Power Systems
Division. During 2004, 2003 and 2002 revenues from our Battery and Power Systems
Division were approximately $10.5 million, $5.9 million and $1.7 million,
respectively (on a pro forma basis, assuming we had owned all components of our
Battery and Power Systems Division since January 1, 2002, revenues in 2004, 2003
and 2002 would have been approximately $10.5 million, $10.8 million and $6.5
million, respectively).
LITHIUM BATTERIES AND CHARGING SYSTEMS FOR THE MILITARY
We sell lithium batteries and charging systems to the military through our
subsidiary Epsilor Electronic Industries, Ltd., an Israeli corporation
established in 1985 that we purchased early in 2004.
We specialize in the design and manufacture of primary and rechargeable
batteries, related electronic circuits and associated chargers for military
applications. We have experience in working with government agencies, the
military and large corporations. Our technical team has significant expertise in
the fields of electrochemistry, electronics, software and battery design,
production, packaging and testing.
ZINC-AIR FUEL CELLS, BATTERIES AND CHARGERS FOR THE MILITARY
We base our strategy in the field of Zinc-Air military batteries on the
development and commercialization of our Zinc-Air fuel cell technology, as
applied in the batteries we produce for the U.S. Army's Communications and
Electronics Command (CECOM) through our subsidiary Electric Fuel Battery
Corporation. We will continue to seek new applications for our technology in
defense projects, wherever synergistic technology and business benefits may
exist. We intend to continue to develop our battery products for defense
agencies, and plan to sell our products either directly to such agencies or
through prime contractors. We will also look to extend our reach to military
markets outside the United States.
Since 1998 we have received and performed a series of contracts from CECOM
to develop and evaluate advanced primary Zinc-Air fuel cell packs. Pursuant to
these contracts, we developed and began selling in 2002 a 12/24 volt, 800
watt-hour battery pack for battlefield power, which is based on our Zinc-Air
fuel cell technology, weighs only six pounds and has approximately twice the
energy capacity per pound of the U.S. Army's standard lithium-sulfur dioxide
battery packs - the BA-8180/U battery.
In the second half of 2002, our five-year program with CECOM to develop a
Zinc-Air battery for battlefield power culminated in the assignment of a
National Stock Number and a $2.5 million delivery order for the newly designated
BA-8180/U battery. Subsequent to this initial $2.5 million delivery order, we
received additional follow-on orders from the Army.
Our batteries have been used in both Afghanistan (Operation Enduring
Freedom) and in Iraq (Operation Iraqi Freedom). In June of 2004, our BA-8180
Zinc-Air battery was recognized by the U.S Army Research, Development and
Engineering Command as one of the top ten inventions of 2003.
Our Zinc-Air fuel cells, batteries and chargers for the military are
manufactured through our Electric Fuel Battery Corporation subsidiary. In 2003,
our EFB facilities were granted ISO 9001 "Top Quality Standard" certification.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE
We believe that electric buses represent a particularly important market
for electric vehicles in the United States. An all-electric, full-size bus
powered by the Electric Fuel system can provide to transit authorities a full
day's operating range for both heavy duty city and suburban routes in all
weather conditions. We conduct our electric vehicle activities through our
subsidiary Electric Fuel Ltd.
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LIFEJACKET LIGHTS
In 1996, we began to produce and market lifejacket lights built with our
patented magnesium-cuprous chloride batteries, which are activated by immersion
in water (water-activated batteries), for the aviation and marine safety and
emergency markets. Additionally, in 2004 we added two new models to our line of
lifejacket light, based on lithium batteries. At present we have a product line
consisting of seven lifejacket light models, five for use with marine life
jackets and two for use with aviation life vests, all of which work in both
freshwater and seawater. Each of our lifejacket lights is certified for use by
relevant governmental agencies under various U.S. and international regulations.
We manufacture, assemble and package all our lifejacket lights through EFL in
our factory in Beit Shemesh, Israel.
Facilities
Our principal executive offices have recently been re-located to EFB's
premises at 354 Industry Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36830, and our telephone number
at our executive offices is (334) 502-9001. Our corporate website is
www.arotech.com. Our periodic reports to the Securities Exchange Commission, as
well as recent filings relating to transactions in our securities by our
executive officers and directors, that have been filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission in EDGAR format are made available through hyperlinks
located on the investor relations page of our website, at
http://www.arotech.com/compro/investor.html, as soon as reasonably practicable
after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.
Reference to our websites does not constitute incorporation of any of the
information thereon or linked thereto into this prospectus.
The offices and facilities of three of our principal subsidiaries, EFL,
MDT and Epsilor, are located in Israel (in Beit Shemesh, Lod and Dimona,
respectively, all of which are within Israel's pre-1967 borders). Most of the
members of our senior management work extensively out of EFL's facilities. IES's
offices and facilities are located in Littleton, Colorado, FAAC's home offices
and facilities are located in Ann Arbor, Michigan, AoA's offices and facilities
are located in Los Angeles, California, and the offices and facilities of EFB
and MDT Armor are located in Auburn, Alabama.
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RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk.
You should carefully consider the following risk factors and other
information in this prospectus in addition to our financial
statements before investing in our common stock. In addition to the
following risks, there may also be risks that we do not yet know of
or that we currently think are immaterial that may also impair our
business operations. The trading price of our common stock could
decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of
your investment.
Business-Related Risks
We have had a history of losses and may incur future losses.
We were incorporated in 1990 and began our operations in 1991. We have
funded our operations principally from funds raised in each of the initial
public offering of our common stock in February 1994; through subsequent public
and private offerings of our common stock and equity and debt securities
convertible or exercisable into shares of our common stock; research contracts
and supply contracts; funds received under research and development grants from
the Government of Israel; and sales of products that we and our subsidiaries
manufacture. We have incurred significant net losses since our inception.
Additionally, as of March 31, 2005, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $121.4 million. There can be no assurance that we will ever be
able to achieve or maintain profitability consistently or that our business will
continue to exist.
Our existing indebtedness may adversely affect our ability to obtain
additional funds and may increase our vulnerability to economic or business
downturns.
Our bank and certificated indebtedness (short and long term) aggregated
approximately $19.1 million as of March 31, 2005 (not including trade payables,
other account payables and accrued severance pay). Accordingly, we are subject
to the risks associated with indebtedness, including:
o we must dedicate a portion of our cash flows from operations to pay
debt service costs and, as a result, we have less funds available
for operations, future acquisitions of consumer receivable
portfolios, and other purposes;
o it may be more difficult and expensive to obtain additional funds
through financings, if available at all;
o we are more vulnerable to economic downturns and fluctuations in
interest rates, less able to withstand competitive pressures and
less flexible in reacting to changes in our industry and general
economic conditions; and
o if we default under any of our existing debt instruments or if our
creditors demand payment of a portion or all of our indebtedness, we
may not have sufficient funds to make such payments.
The occurrence of any of these events could materially adversely affect our
results of operations and financial condition and adversely affect our stock
price.
The agreements governing the terms of our debentures contain numerous
affirmative and negative covenants that limit the discretion of our management
with respect to certain business matters and place restrictions on us, including
obligations on our part to preserve and maintain our assets and restrictions on
our ability to incur or guarantee debt, to merge with or sell our assets to
another company, and to make significant capital expenditures without the
consent of the debenture holders. Our ability to comply with these and other
provisions of such agreements may be affected by changes in economic or business
conditions or other events beyond our control.
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Failure to comply with the terms of our debentures could result in a
default that could have material adverse consequences for us.
A failure to comply with the obligations contained in our debenture
agreements could result in an event of default under such agreements which could
result in an acceleration of the debentures and the acceleration of debt under
other instruments evidencing indebtedness that may contain cross-acceleration or
cross-default provisions. If the indebtedness under the debentures or other
indebtedness were to be accelerated, there can be no assurance that our future
cash flow or assets would be sufficient to repay in full such indebtedness.
Failure to comply with the earnout provisions of our acquisition
agreements could have material adverse consequences for us.
A failure to comply with the obligations contained in our
acquisition agreements to make the earnout payments required under such
agreements could result in actions for damages, a possible right of rescission
on the part of the sellers, and the acceleration of debt under instruments
evidencing indebtedness that may contain cross-acceleration or cross-default
provisions. If we are unable to raise capital in order to pay the earnout
provisions of our acquisition agreements, there can be no assurance that our
future cash flow or assets would be sufficient to pay such obligations.
We have pledged a substantial portion of our assets to secure our
borrowings.
Our debentures are secured by a substantial portion of our assets.
If we default under the indebtedness secured by our assets, those assets would
be available to the secured creditors to satisfy our obligations to the secured
creditors, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations and
financial condition and adversely affect our stock price.
We need significant amounts of capital to operate and grow our business.
We require substantial funds to market our products and develop and
market new products. To the extent that we are unable to fully fund our
operations through profitable sales of our products and services, we may
continue to seek additional funding, including through the issuance of equity or
debt securities. However, there can be no assurance that we will obtain any such
additional financing in a timely manner, on acceptable terms, or at all. If
additional funds are raised by issuing equity securities, stockholders may incur
further dilution. If additional funding is not secured, we will have to modify,
reduce, defer or eliminate parts of our anticipated future commitments and/or
programs.
Any inability to continue to make use from time to time of our
subsidiaries' current working capital lines of credit could have an adverse
effect on our ability to do business.
From time to time our working capital needs are partially dependent
on our subsidiaries' lines of credit. In the event that we are unable to
continue to make use of our subsidiaries' lines of credit for working capital on
economically feasible terms, our business, operating results and financial
condition could be adversely affected.
We may not be successful in operating new businesses.
Prior to the acquisitions of IES and MDT in 2002 and the
acquisitions of FAAC and Epsilor in January 2004 and AoA in August 2004, our
primary business was the marketing and sale of products based on primary and
refuelable Zinc-Air fuel cell technology and advancements in battery technology
for defense and security products and other military applications, electric
vehicles and consumer electronics. As a result of our acquisitions, a
substantial component of our business is the marketing and sale of hi-tech
multimedia and interactive training solutions and sophisticated lightweight
materials and advanced engineering processes used to armor vehicles. These are
relatively new businesses for us and our management group has limited experience
operating these types of businesses. Although we have retained our acquired
companies' management personnel, we cannot assure that such personnel will
continue to work for us or that we will be successful in managing these new
businesses. If we are unable to successfully operate these new businesses, our
business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially
impaired.
10
Our acquisition strategy involves various risks.
Part of our strategy is to grow through the acquisition of companies
that will complement our existing operations or provide us with an entry into
markets we do not currently serve. Growth through acquisitions involves
substantial risks, including the risk of improper valuation of the acquired
business and the risk of inadequate integration. There can be no assurance that
suitable acquisition candidates will be available, that we will be able to
acquire or manage profitably such additional companies or that future
acquisitions will produce returns that justify our investments therein. In
addition, we may compete for acquisition and expansion opportunities with
companies that have significantly greater resources than we do. Furthermore,
acquisitions could disrupt our ongoing business, distract the attention of our
senior officers, make it difficult to maintain our operational standards,
controls and procedures and subject us to contingent and latent risks that are
different, in nature and magnitude, than the risks we currently face.
We may finance future acquisitions with cash from operations or
additional debt or equity financings. There can be no assurance that we will be
able to generate internal cash or obtain financing from external sources or
that, if available, such financing will be on terms acceptable to us. The
issuance of additional common stock to finance acquisitions may result in
substantial dilution to our stockholders. Any debt financing may significantly
increase our leverage and may involve restrictive covenants which limit our
operations.
We may not successfully integrate our acquisitions.
In light of our acquisitions of IES, MDT, FAAC, Epsilor and AoA, our
success will depend in part on our ability to manage the combined operations of
these companies and to integrate the operations and personnel of these companies
along with our other subsidiaries and divisions into a single organizational
structure. There can be no assurance that we will be able to effectively
integrate the operations of our subsidiaries and divisions and our acquired
businesses into a single organizational structure. Integration of these
operations could also place additional pressures on our management as well as on
our key technical resources. The failure to successfully manage this integration
could have an adverse material effect on us.
If we are successful in acquiring additional businesses, we may
experience a period of rapid growth that could place significant additional
demands on, and require us to expand, our management, resources and management
information systems. Our failure to manage any such rapid growth effectively
could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows.
If we are unable to manage our growth, our operating results will be
impaired.
As a result of our acquisitions, we are currently experiencing a
period of significant growth and development activity which could place a
significant strain on our personnel and resources. Our activity has resulted in
increased levels of responsibility for both existing and new management
personnel. Many of our management personnel have had limited or no experience in
managing growing companies. We have sought to manage our current and anticipated
growth through the recruitment of additional management and technical personnel
and the implementation of internal systems and controls. However, our failure to
manage growth effectively could adversely affect our results of operations.
A significant portion of our business is dependent on government contracts
and reduction or reallocation of defense or law enforcement spending could
reduce our revenues.
Many of the customers of IES, FAAC and AoA to date have been in the
public sector of the U.S., including the federal, state and local governments,
and in the public sectors of a number of other countries, and most of MDT's
customers have been in the public sector in Israel, in particular the Ministry
of Defense. Additionally, all of EFB's sales to date of battery products for the
military and defense sectors have been in the public sector in the United
States. A significant decrease in the overall level or allocation of defense or
law enforcement spending in the U.S. or other countries could reduce our
revenues and have a material adverse effect on our future results of operations
and financial condition. MDT has already experienced a slowdown in orders from
the Ministry of Defense due to budget constraints and a requirement of U.S. aid
to Israel that a substantial proportion of such aid be spent in the U.S., where
MDT has only recently opened a factory.
11
Sales to public sector customers are subject to a multiplicity of
detailed regulatory requirements and public policies as well as to changes in
training and purchasing priorities. Contracts with public sector customers may
be conditioned upon the continuing availability of public funds, which in turn
depends upon lengthy and complex budgetary procedures, and may be subject to
certain pricing constraints. Moreover, U.S. government contracts and those of
many international government customers may generally be terminated for a
variety of factors when it is in the best interests of the government and
contractors may be suspended or debarred for misconduct at the discretion of the
government. There can be no assurance that these factors or others unique to
government contracts or the loss or suspension of necessary regulatory licenses
will not reduce our revenues and have a material adverse effect on our future
results of operations and financial condition.
Our U.S. government contracts may be terminated at any time and may
contain other unfavorable provisions.
The U.S. government typically can terminate or modify any of its
contracts with us either for its convenience or if we default by failing to
perform under the terms of the applicable contract. A termination arising out of
our default could expose us to liability and have a material adverse effect on
our ability to re-compete for future contracts and orders. Our U.S. government
contracts contain provisions that allow the U.S. government to unilaterally
suspend us from receiving new contracts pending resolution of alleged violations
of procurement laws or regulations, reduce the value of existing contracts,
issue modifications to a contract and control and potentially prohibit the
export of our products, services and associated materials.
A negative audit by the U.S. government could adversely affect our
business, and we might not be reimbursed by the government for costs that we
have expended on our contracts.
Government agencies routinely audit government contracts. These
agencies review a contractor's performance on its contract, pricing practices,
cost structure and compliance with applicable laws, regulations and standards.
If we are audited, we will not be reimbursed for any costs found to be
improperly allocated to a specific contract, while we would be required to
refund any improper costs for which we had already been reimbursed. Therefore,
an audit could result in a substantial adjustment to our revenues. If a
government audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to
civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination
of contracts, forfeitures of profits, suspension of payments, fines and
suspension or debarment from doing business with United States government
agencies. We could suffer serious reputational harm if allegations of
impropriety were made against us. A governmental determination of impropriety or
illegality, or an allegation of impropriety, could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We may be liable for penalties under a variety of procurement rules and
regulations, and changes in government regulations could adversely impact our
revenues, operating expenses and profitability.
Our defense and commercial businesses must comply with and are
affected by various government regulations that impact our operating costs,
profit margins and our internal organization and operation of our businesses.
Among the most significant regulations are the following:
o the U.S. Federal Acquisition Regulations, which regulate the
formation, administration and performance of government contracts;
o the U.S. Truth in Negotiations Act, which requires certification and
disclosure of all cost and pricing data in connection with contract
negotiations; and
o the U.S. Cost Accounting Standards, which impose accounting
requirements that govern our right to reimbursement under certain
cost-based government contracts.
12
These regulations affect how we and our customers do business and,
in some instances, impose added costs on our businesses. Any changes in
applicable laws could adversely affect the financial performance of the business
affected by the changed regulations. With respect to U.S. government contracts,
any failure to comply with applicable laws could result in contract termination,
price or fee reductions or suspension or debarment from contracting with the
U.S. government.
Our operating margins may decline under our fixed-price contracts if we
fail to estimate accurately the time and resources necessary to satisfy our
obligations.
Some of our contracts are fixed-price contracts under which we bear
the risk of any cost overruns. Our profits are adversely affected if our costs
under these contracts exceed the assumptions that we used in bidding for the
contract. Often, we are required to fix the price for a contract before we
finalize the project specifications, which increases the risk that we will
mis-price these contracts. The complexity of many of our engagements makes
accurately estimating our time and resources more difficult.
If we are unable to retain our contracts with the U.S. government and
subcontracts under U.S. government prime contracts in the competitive rebidding
process, our revenues may suffer.
Upon expiration of a U.S. government contract or subcontract under a
U.S. government prime contract, if the government customer requires further
services of the type provided in the contract, there is frequently a competitive
rebidding process. We cannot guarantee that we, or if we are a subcontractor
that the prime contractor, will win any particular bid, or that we will be able
to replace business lost upon expiration or completion of a contract. Further,
all U.S. government contracts are subject to protest by competitors. The
termination of several of our significant contracts or nonrenewal of several of
our significant contracts, could result in significant revenue shortfalls.
The loss of, or a significant reduction in, U.S. military business would
have a material adverse effect on us.
U.S. military contracts account for a significant portion of our
business. The U.S. military funds these contracts in annual increments. These
contracts require subsequent authorization and appropriation that may not occur
or that may be greater than or less than the total amount of the contract.
Changes in the U.S. military's budget, spending allocations and the timing of
such spending could adversely affect our ability to receive future contracts.
None of our contracts with the U.S. military has a minimum purchase commitment,
and the U.S. military generally has the right to cancel its contracts
unilaterally without prior notice. We manufacture for the U.S. aircraft and land
vehicle armor systems, protective equipment for military personnel and other
technologies used to protect soldiers in a variety of life-threatening or
catastrophic situations, and batteries for communications devices. The loss of,
or a significant reduction in, U.S. military business for our aircraft and land
vehicle armor systems, other protective equipment, or batteries could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of
operations and liquidity.
A reduction of U.S. force levels in Iraq may affect our results of
operations.
Since the invasion of Iraq by the U.S. and other forces in March
2003, we have received steadily increasing orders from the U.S. military for
armoring of vehicles and military batteries. These orders are the result, in
substantial part, from the particular combat situations encountered by the U.S.
military in Iraq. We cannot be certain, therefore, to what degree the U.S.
military would continue placing orders for our products if the U.S. military
were to reduce its force levels or withdraw completely from Iraq. A significant
reduction in orders from the U.S. military could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
There are limited sources for some of our raw materials, which may
significantly curtail our manufacturing operations.
The raw materials that we use in manufacturing our armor products
include Kevlar(R), a patented product of E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co., Inc. We
purchase Kevlar in the form of woven cloth from various independent weaving
companies. In the event Du Pont and/or these independent weaving companies were
to cease, for any reason, to produce or sell Kevlar to us, we might be unable to
replace it with a material of like weight and strength, or at all. Thus, if our
supply of Kevlar were materially reduced or cut off or if there were a material
increase in the price of Kevlar, our manufacturing operations could be adversely
affected and our costs increased, and our business, financial condition and
results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
13
Some of the components of our products pose potential safety risks which
could create potential liability exposure for us.
Some of the components of our products contain elements that are
known to pose potential safety risks. In addition to these risks, there can be
no assurance that accidents in our facilities will not occur. Any accident,
whether occasioned by the use of all or any part of our products or technology
or by our manufacturing operations, could adversely affect commercial acceptance
of our products and could result in significant production delays or claims for
damages resulting from injuries. Any of these occurrences would materially
adversely affect our operations and financial condition. In the event that our
products, including the products manufactured by MDT and AoA, fail to perform as
specified, users of these products may assert claims for substantial amounts.
These claims could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition
and results of operations. There is no assurance that the amount of the general
product liability insurance that we maintain will be sufficient to cover
potential claims or that the present amount of insurance can be maintained at
the present level of cost, or at all.
Our fields of business are highly competitive.
The competition to develop defense and security products and
electric vehicle battery systems, and to obtain funding for the development of
these products, is, and is expected to remain, intense.
Our defense and security products compete with other manufacturers
of specialized training systems, including Firearms Training Systems, Inc., a
producer of interactive simulation systems designed to provide training in the
handling and use of small and supporting arms. In addition, we compete with
manufacturers and developers of armor for cars and vans, including O'Gara-Hess &
Eisenhardt, a division of Armor Holdings, Inc.
Our battery technology competes with other battery technologies, as
well as other Zinc-Air technologies. The competition in this area of our
business consists of development stage companies, major international companies
and consortia of such companies, including battery manufacturers, automobile
manufacturers, energy production and transportation companies, consumer goods
companies and defense contractors.
Various battery technologies are being considered for use in
electric vehicles and defense and safety products by other manufacturers and
developers, including the following: lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel-iron,
nickel-zinc, nickel-metal hydride, sodium-sulfur, sodium-nickel chloride,
zinc-bromine, lithium-ion, lithium-polymer, lithium-iron sulfide, primary
lithium, rechargeable alkaline and Zinc-Air.
Many of our competitors have financial, technical, marketing, sales,
manufacturing, distribution and other resources significantly greater than ours.
If we are unable to compete successfully in each of our operating areas,
especially in the defense and security products area of our business, our
business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our business is dependent on proprietary rights that may be difficult to
protect and could affect our ability to compete effectively.
Our ability to compete effectively will depend on our ability to
maintain the proprietary nature of our technology and manufacturing processes
through a combination of patent and trade secret protection, non-disclosure
agreements and licensing arrangements.
Litigation, or participation in administrative proceedings, may be
necessary to protect our proprietary rights. This type of litigation can be
costly and time consuming and could divert company resources and management
attention to defend our rights, and this could harm us even if we were to be
successful in the litigation. In the absence of patent protection, and despite
our reliance upon our proprietary confidential information, our competitors may
be able to use innovations similar to those used by us to design and manufacture
products directly competitive with our products. In addition, no assurance can
be given that others will not obtain patents that we will need to license or
design around. To the extent any of our products are covered by third-party
patents, we could need to acquire a license under such patents to develop and
market our products.
14
Despite our efforts to safeguard and maintain our proprietary
rights, we may not be successful in doing so. In addition, competition is
intense, and there can be no assurance that our competitors will not
independently develop or patent technologies that are substantially equivalent
or superior to our technology. In the event of patent litigation, we cannot
assure you that a court would determine that we were the first creator of
inventions covered by our issued patents or pending patent applications or that
we were the first to file patent applications for those inventions. If existing
or future third-party patents containing broad claims were upheld by the courts
or if we were found to infringe third-party patents, we may not be able to
obtain the required licenses from the holders of such patents on acceptable
terms, if at all. Failure to obtain these licenses could cause delays in the
introduction of our products or necessitate costly attempts to design around
such patents, or could foreclose the development, manufacture or sale of our
products. We could also incur substantial costs in defending ourselves in patent
infringement suits brought by others and in prosecuting patent infringement
suits against infringers.
We also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how that we seek
to protect, in part, through non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements with
our customers, employees, consultants, and entities with which we maintain
strategic relationships. We cannot assure you that these agreements will not be
breached, that we would have adequate remedies for any breach or that our trade
secrets will not otherwise become known or be independently developed by
competitors.
We are dependent on key personnel and our business would suffer if we fail
to retain them.
We are highly dependent on the presidents of our IES, FAAC and AoA
subsidiaries and the general managers of our MDT and Epsilor subsidiaries, and
the loss of the services of one or more of these persons could adversely affect
us. We are especially dependent on the services of our Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer, Robert S. Ehrlich. The loss of Mr. Ehrlich could have a
material adverse effect on us. We are party to an employment agreement with Mr.
Ehrlich, which agreement expires at the end of 2007. We do not have key-man life
insurance on Mr. Ehrlich.
There are risks involved with the international nature of our business.
A significant portion of our sales are made to customers located
outside the U.S., primarily in Europe and Asia. In 2004, 2003 and 2002, without
taking account of revenues derived from discontinued operations, 19%, 42% and
56%, respectively, of our revenues, were derived from sales to customers located
outside the U.S. We expect that our international customers will continue to
account for a substantial portion of our revenues in the near future. Sales to
international customers may be subject to political and economic risks,
including political instability, currency controls, exchange rate fluctuations,
foreign taxes, longer payment cycles and changes in import/export regulations
and tariff rates. In addition, various forms of protectionist trade legislation
have been and in the future may be proposed in the U.S. and certain other
countries. Any resulting changes in current tariff structures or other trade and
monetary policies could adversely affect our sales to international customers.
Investors should not purchase our common stock with the expectation of
receiving cash dividends.
We currently intend to retain any future earnings for funding growth
and, as a result, do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable
future.
Market-Related Risks
The price of our common stock is volatile.
The market price of our common stock has been volatile in the past
and may change rapidly in the future. The following factors, among others, may
cause significant volatility in our stock price:
15
o Announcements by us, our competitors or our customers;
o The introduction of new or enhanced products and services by us or
our competitors;
o Changes in the perceived ability to commercialize our technology
compared to that of our competitors;
o Rumors relating to our competitors or us;
o Actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;
o The issuance of our securities, including warrants, in connection
with financings and acquisitions; and
o General market or economic conditions.
If our shares were to be delisted, our stock price might decline further
and we might be unable to raise additional capital.
One of the continued listing standards for our stock on the Nasdaq
National Market is the maintenance of a $1.00 bid price. Our stock price has
traded below $1.00 in the past. If our bid price were to go and remain below
$1.00 for 30 consecutive business days, Nasdaq could notify us of our failure to
meet the continued listing standards, after which we would have 180 calendar
days to correct such failure or be delisted from the Nasdaq National Market.
Although we would have the opportunity to appeal any potential
delisting, there can be no assurances that this appeal would be resolved
favorably. As a result, there can be no assurance that our common stock will
remain listed on the Nasdaq National Market. If our common stock were to be
delisted from the Nasdaq National Market, we might apply to be listed on the
Nasdaq SmallCap market; however, there can be no assurance that we would be
approved for listing on the Nasdaq SmallCap market, which has the same $1.00
minimum bid and other similar requirements as the Nasdaq National Market. If we
were to move to the Nasdaq SmallCap market, current Nasdaq regulations would
give us the opportunity to obtain an additional 180-day grace period and an
additional 90-day grace period after that if we meet certain net income,
stockholders' equity or market capitalization criteria. While our stock would
continue to trade on the over-the-counter bulletin board following any delisting
from the Nasdaq, any such delisting of our common stock could have an adverse
effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for, our
common stock. Also, if in the future we were to determine that we need to seek
additional equity capital, it could have an adverse effect on our ability to
raise capital in the public equity markets.
In addition, if we fail to maintain Nasdaq listing for our
securities, and no other exclusion from the definition of a "penny stock" under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is available, then any broker
engaging in a transaction in our securities would be required to provide any
customer with a risk disclosure document, disclosure of market quotations, if
any, disclosure of the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in
the transaction and monthly account statements showing the market values of our
securities held in the customer's account. The bid and offer quotation and
compensation information must be provided prior to effecting the transaction and
must be contained on the customer's confirmation. If brokers become subject to
the "penny stock" rules when engaging in transactions in our securities, they
would become less willing to engage in transactions, thereby making it more
difficult for our stockholders to dispose of their shares.
Our management has determined that we have material weaknesses in our
internal controls. If we fail to achieve and maintain effective internal
controls in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we may not be
able to accurately report our financial results.
We have, with our auditors' concurrence, identified significant
deficiencies that constitute material weaknesses under standards established by
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). A material weakness is a
condition in which the design or operation of one or more of the internal
control components does not reduce to a relatively low level the risk that
misstatements caused by error or fraud in amounts that would be material in
relation to the financial statements being audited may occur and not be detected
within a timely period by employees in the normal course of performing their
assigned functions. Our auditors have reported to us that at December 31, 2004,
we had material weaknesses for inadequate controls related to the financial
statement close process, convertible debentures and share capital processes as
it applies to non-routine and highly complex financial transactions. The
material weaknesses arise from insufficient staff with technical accounting
expertise to independently apply our accounting policies, as they relate to
non-routine and highly complex transactions, in accordance with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles.
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As a public company, we will have significant requirements for
enhanced financial reporting and internal controls. The process of designing and
implementing effective internal controls is a continuous effort that requires us
to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and
regulatory environments and to expend significant resources to maintain a system
of internal controls that is adequate to satisfy our reporting obligations as a
public company. We cannot assure you that the measures we have taken or will
take to remediate any material weaknesses or that we will implement and maintain
adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future as we
continue our rapid growth. If we are unable to establish appropriate internal
financial reporting controls and procedures, it could cause us to fail to meet
our reporting obligations, result in material misstatements in our financial
statements, harm our operating results, cause investors to lose confidence in
our reported financial information and have a negative effect on the market
price for shares of our common stock.
A substantial number of our shares are available for sale in the public
market and sales of those shares could adversely affect our stock price.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of common stock into the
public market, or the perception that those sales could occur, could adversely
affect our stock price or could impair our ability to obtain capital through an
offering of equity securities. As of March 31, 2005, we had 80,103,668 shares of
common stock issued and outstanding. Of these shares, most are freely
transferable without restriction under the Securities Act of 1933, and a
substantial portion of the remaining shares may be sold subject to the volume
restrictions, manner-of-sale provisions and other conditions of Rule 144 under
the Securities Act of 1933.
Exercise of our warrants, options and convertible debt could adversely
affect our stock price and will be dilutive.
As of March 31, 2005, there were outstanding warrants to purchase a
total of 16,961,463 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise
price of $1.55 per share, options to purchase a total of 9,284,047 shares of our
common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.33 per share, of which
7,168,676 were vested, at a weighted average exercise price of $1.34 per share,
and outstanding debentures convertible into a total of 3,156,298 shares of our
common stock at a weighted average conversion price of $1.44 per share. Holders
of our options, warrants and convertible debt will probably exercise or convert
them only at a time when the price of our common stock is higher than their
respective exercise or conversion prices. Accordingly, we may be required to
issue shares of our common stock at a price substantially lower than the market
price of our stock. This could adversely affect our stock price. In addition, if
and when these shares are issued, the percentage of our common stock that
existing stockholders own will be diluted.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law contain
provisions that could discourage a takeover.
Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation
may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or
of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire, control of us. These
provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay
in the future for shares of our common stock. These provisions:
o divide our board of directors into three classes serving staggered
three-year terms;
o only permit removal of directors by stockholders "for cause," and
require the affirmative vote of at least 85% of the outstanding
common stock to so remove; and
o allow us to issue preferred stock without any vote or further action
by the stockholders.
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The classification system of electing directors and the removal
provision may tend to discourage a third-party from making a tender offer or
otherwise attempting to obtain control of us and may maintain the incumbency of
our board of directors, as the classification of the board of directors
increases the difficulty of replacing a majority of the directors. These
provisions may have the effect of deferring hostile takeovers, delaying changes
in our control or management, or may make it more difficult for stockholders to
take certain corporate actions. The amendment of any of these provisions would
require approval by holders of at least 85% of the outstanding common stock.
Israel-Related Risks
A significant portion of our operations takes place in Israel, and
we could be adversely affected by the economic, political and military
conditions in that region.
The offices and facilities of three of our subsidiaries, EFL, MDT
and Epsilor, are located in Israel (in Beit Shemesh, Lod and Dimona,
respectively, all of which are within Israel's pre-1967 borders). Most of our
senior management is located at EFL's facilities. Although we expect that most
of our sales will be made to customers outside Israel, we are nonetheless
directly affected by economic, political and military conditions in that
country. Accordingly, any major hostilities involving Israel or the interruption
or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners could
have a material adverse effect on our operations. Since the establishment of the
State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between
Israel and its Arab neighbors and a state of hostility, varying in degree and
intensity, has led to security and economic problems for Israel.
Historically, Arab states have boycotted any direct trade with
Israel and to varying degrees have imposed a secondary boycott on any company
carrying on trade with or doing business in Israel. Although in October 1994,
the states comprising the Gulf Cooperation Council (Saudi Arabia, the United
Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Dubai, Bahrain and Oman) announced that they would no
longer adhere to the secondary boycott against Israel, and Israel has entered
into certain agreements with Egypt, Jordan, the Palestine Liberation
Organization and the Palestinian Authority, Israel has not entered into any
peace arrangement with Syria or Lebanon. Moreover, since September 2000, there
has been a significant deterioration in Israel's relationship with the
Palestinian Authority, and a significant increase in terror and violence.
Efforts to resolve the problem have failed to result in an agreeable solution.
Continued hostilities between the Palestinian community and Israel and any
failure to settle the conflict may have a material adverse effect on our
business and us. Moreover, the current political and security situation in the
region has already had an adverse effect on the economy of Israel, which in turn
may have an adverse effect on us.
Service of process and enforcement of civil liabilities on us and our
officers may be difficult to obtain.
We are organized under the laws of the State of Delaware and will be
subject to service of process in the United States. However, approximately 22%
of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, two of our
directors and most of our executive officers are residents of Israel and a
portion of the assets of such directors and executive officers are located
outside the United States.
There is doubt as to the enforceability of civil liabilities under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, in original actions instituted in Israel. As a result, it may not be
possible for investors to enforce or effect service of process upon these
directors and executive officers or to judgments of U.S. courts predicated upon
the civil liability provisions of U.S. laws against our assets, as well as the
assets of these directors and executive officers. In addition, awards of
punitive damages in actions brought in the U.S. or elsewhere may be
unenforceable in Israel.
Exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the Israeli NIS may
negatively affect our earnings.
Although a substantial majority of our revenues and a substantial
portion of our expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars, a portion of our costs,
including personnel and facilities-related expenses, is incurred in New Israeli
Shekels (NIS). Inflation in Israel will have the effect of increasing the dollar
cost of our operations in Israel, unless it is offset on a timely basis by a
devaluation of the NIS relative to the dollar. In 2004, the inflation adjusted
NIS appreciated against the dollar, which raised the dollar cost of our Israeli
operations.
18
Some of our agreements are governed by Israeli law.
Israeli law governs some of our agreements, such as our lease
agreements on our subsidiaries' premises in Israel, and the agreements pursuant
to which we purchased IES, MDT and Epsilor. While Israeli law differs in certain
respects from American law, we do not believe that these differences materially
adversely affect our rights or remedies under these agreements.
INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
When used in this prospectus, the words "expects," "anticipates,"
"estimates" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These
statements are "forward-looking" statements within the meaning of Section 27A of
the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These statements, which
include statements under the caption "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this
prospectus, refer to the stage of development of our products, the uncertainty
of the market for disposable cell phone batteries, significant future capital
requirements and our plans to implement our growth strategy, continue our
research and development, expand our manufacturing capacity, develop strategic
relationships for marketing and other purposes and carefully manage our growth.
The forward-looking statements also include our expectations concerning factors
affecting the markets for our products.
These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the
results that we anticipate. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not
limited to, those risks discussed in this prospectus and in the documents
incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
All such forward-looking statements are current only as of the date
on which such statements were made. We assume no obligation to update these
forward-looking statements or to update the reasons actual results could differ
materially from the results anticipated in the forward-looking statements.
You should rely only on the information in this prospectus and the
additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find
Additional Information." We have not authorized any other person to provide you
with different information. If anyone provides you with different or
inconsistent information, you should not rely upon it. You should assume that
the information in this prospectus was accurate on the date of the front cover
of this prospectus only. Our business, financial condition, results of
operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
ABOUT THE OFFERING
Pursuant to the terms of a Stock Purchase/Sale Agreement dated
January 7, 2004, as amended, we will issue to the former shareholders of FAAC,
Alan G. Jordan and Timothy L. Carr (the "Former Shareholders"), in exchange for
payment by them of the par value of such shares, a total of 8,264,463 shares of
our common stock, $0.01 par value per share, as part of the earnout
consideration for our purchase of FAAC. Under the terms of the agreement
pursuant to which we purchased FAAC, as amended, these shares will be issued to
the Former Shareholders and sold by them until they receive total proceeds of
approximately $7,400,000. Any unsold shares remaining after total proceeds of
approximately $7,400,000 have been received by the Former Shareholders will be
returned to us for cancellation.
The selling stockholders and the specific number of shares that they
each may resell through this prospectus are listed on page 20.
19
USE OF PROCEEDS
We do not expect to receive any separate proceeds from this offering
over and above payment of the par value of the shares by the Former
Shareholders. Proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock by the Former
Shareholders will go to the Former Shareholders.
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table identifies the selling stockholders and
indicates (i) the nature of any position, office or other material relationship
that each selling stockholder has had with us during the past three years (or
any of our predecessors or affiliates) and (ii) the number of shares of our
common stock owned by the selling stockholder prior to the offering, the number
of shares to be offered for the selling stockholder's account and the number of
shares and percentage of outstanding shares to be owned by the selling
stockholder after completion of the offering, all as of March 31, 2005.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3
promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, and generally includes
voting or investment power with respect to securities. Except as indicated in
the footnotes to the table, we believe each holder possesses sole voting and
investment power with respect to all of the shares of common stock owned by that
holder. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a holder and the
percentage ownership of that holder, shares of common stock subject to options
or warrants or underlying debentures held by that holder that are currently
exercisable or convertible or are exercisable or convertible within 60 days
after the date of the table are deemed outstanding. Those shares, however, are
not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of
any other person or group.
Number of Shares Shares Beneficially Owned
Beneficially After Offering(2)
Owned Prior Shares Being -------------------------
Name of Selling Stockholder to Offering (1) Offered Number Percent
--------- --------- --------- ---------
Alan G. Jordan ..................... 5,174,555 4,956,199 218,356 *
Timothy Carr ....................... 3,383,263 3,308,263 75,000 *
----------------------------------
----------
*Less than 1%.
(1) Assumes that the selling stockholders acquire no additional shares of
common stock before completion of this offering.
(2) Assumes that all of the shares offered by the selling stockholders under
this prospectus are sold.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The selling stockholders, which as used herein includes donees,
pledgees, tt 12 ransferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares of
common stock or interests in shares of common stock received after the date of
this prospectus from a selling stockholder as a gift, pledge, partnership
distribution or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or
otherwise dispose of any or all of their shares of common stock or interests in
shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on
which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may
be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices
related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time
of sale, or at negotiated prices.
The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following
methods when disposing of shares or interests therein:
>> ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the
broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
>> block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the
shares as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block
as principal to facilitate the transaction;
>> purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the
broker-dealer for its account;
>> an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the
applicable exchange;
20
>> privately negotiated transactions;
>> short sales effected after the date the registration statement of
which this Prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC;
>> through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging
transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;
>> broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a
specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;
>> a combination of any such methods of sale; and
>> any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
The selling stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a
security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by them
and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the
pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock, from
time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus
under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act
amending the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or
other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The
selling stockholders also may transfer the shares of common stock in other
circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in
interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.
In connection with the sale of our common stock or interests
therein, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with
broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in
short sales of the common stock in the course of hedging the positions they
assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of our common stock short
and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or
pledge the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these
securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other
transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation
of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such
broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this
prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may
resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such
transaction).
The aggregate proceeds to the selling stockholders from the sale of
the common stock offered by them will be the purchase price of the common stock
less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the selling stockholders reserves
the right to accept and, together with their agents from time to time, to
reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of common stock to be made
directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this
offering.
The selling stockholders also may resell all or a portion of the
shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the
Securities Act of 1933, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the
requirements of that rule.
The selling stockholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or
agents that participate in the sale of the common stock or interests therein may
be "underwriters" within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any
discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the
shares may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act.
Selling stockholders who are "underwriters" within the meaning of Section 2(11)
of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of
the Securities Act.
To the extent required, the shares of our common stock to be sold,
the names of the selling stockholders, the respective purchase prices and public
offering prices, the names of any agents, dealer or underwriter, any applicable
commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in
an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective
amendment to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.
21
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if
applicable, the common stock may be sold in these jurisdictions only through
registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the
common stock may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale
or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and
is complied with.
We have advised the selling stockholders that the anti-manipulation
rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of shares in the
market and to the activities of the selling stockholders and their affiliates.
In addition, we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented
or amended from time to time) available to the selling stockholders for the
purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities
Act. The selling stockholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates
in transactions involving the sale of the shares against certain liabilities,
including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.
We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and state securities
laws, relating to the registration of the shares offered by this prospectus.
We have agreed with the selling stockholders to keep the
registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective
until the earlier of (1) such time as all of the shares covered by this
prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with the
registration statement or (2) the date on which the shares may be sold pursuant
to Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act.
Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq National Market
under the symbol "ARTX."
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
Our authorized capital stock consists of 250,000,000 shares of
common stock par value $0.01 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock,
par value $0.01 per share. As of March 31, 2005, 80,103,668 shares of common
stock were issued and outstanding, 555,333 shares of common stock were held as
treasury shares, and no shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding.
The additional shares of our authorized stock available for issuance
might be issued at times and under circumstances so as to have a dilutive effect
on earnings per share and on the equity ownership of the holders of our common
stock. The ability of our board of directors to issue additional shares of stock
could enhance the board's ability to negotiate on behalf of the stockholders in
a takeover situation but could also be used by the board to make a
change-in-control more difficult, thereby denying stockholders the potential to
sell their shares at a premium and entrenching current management. The following
description is a summary of the material provisions of our capital stock. You
should refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as
amended, and bylaws for additional information.
Common Stock
The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share
held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Except as
required under Delaware law or the rules of the Nasdaq National Market, the
rights of stockholders may not be modified otherwise than by a vote of a
majority or more of the shares outstanding. Subject to preferences that may be
applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, the holders of common
stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends as may be declared by the
board of directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends.
In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of
common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets, subject to prior
distribution rights of the preferred stock, if any, then outstanding. Holders of
common stock have no preemptive rights or rights to convert their common stock
into any other securities. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions
applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of common stock are fully
paid and non-assessable.
22
Preferred Stock
Our board of directors has the authority, within the limitations and
restrictions stated in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and
without shareholder approval, to provide by resolution for the issuance of
shares of preferred stock, and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting
rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preference and the number of shares
constituting any series of the designation of such series. The issuance of
preferred stock could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the
common stock, impeding or delaying a possible takeover and adversely affecting
the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. At present, we
have no plans to issue preferred stock.
Certain Charter Provisions
Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation
may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or
of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire, control of us. These
provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay
in the future for shares of our common stock. These provisions:
o divide our board of directors into three classes serving
staggered three-year terms;
o only permit removal of directors by stockholders "for cause,"
and require the affirmative vote of at least 85% of the
outstanding common stock to so remove; and
o allow us to issue preferred stock without any vote or further
action by the stockholders.
The classification system of electing directors and the removal
provision may tend to discourage a third-party from making a tender offer or
otherwise attempting to obtain control of us and may maintain the incumbency of
our board of directors, as the classification of the board of directors
increases the difficulty of replacing a majority of the directors. These
provisions may have the effect of deferring hostile takeovers, delaying changes
in our control or management, or may make it more difficult for stockholders to
take certain corporate actions. The amendment of any of these provisions would
require approval by holders of at least 85% of the outstanding common stock.
LEGAL MATTERS
Lowenstein Sandler PC, Roseland, New Jersey will pass upon the
validity of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus for us.
EXPERTS
Our consolidated financial statements (and schedule) appearing in
our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2004, and our
management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2004 included in our Form 10-K/A, have been audited
by Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kassierer, a member of Ernst & Young Global,
independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in its reports
thereon (which conclude, among other things, that we did not maintain effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on
Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission, because of the effects of the material
weaknesses described therein), included therein and incorporated herein by
reference. Such financial statements and management's assessment have been
incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the
authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The financial statements of Armour of America, Incorporated referred
to in our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2004 have
been audited by Stark Winter Schenkein & Co., LLP, independent registered public
accounting firm, to the extent and for the periods noted in our annual report,
in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of said firm as experts in
auditing and accounting.
23
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and
other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You can read and
copy any materials we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission at its
Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 and at
its regional offices located at The Woolworth Building, 233 Broadway, New York,
New York 10279 and at 175 West Jackson Boulevard, Suite 900, Chicago, Illinois
60604. You can obtain information about the operations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and Exchange
Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Securities and Exchange Commission also
maintains a Website that contains information we file electronically with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, which you can access over the Internet at
http://www.sec.gov.
This prospectus is part of a Form S-3 registration statement that we
have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the shares of
our common stock being offered hereby. This prospectus does not contain all of
the information in the Registration Statement and its exhibits. The Registration
Statement, its exhibits and the documents incorporated by reference in this
prospectus and their exhibits, all contain information that is material to the
offering of the common stock. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to
any of our contracts or other documents, the reference may not be complete. You
should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the Registration Statement in
order to review a copy of the contract or documents. The registration statement
and the exhibits are available at the Securities and Exchange Commission's
Public Reference Room or through its Website.
INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The Securities and Exchange Commission allows us to "incorporate by
reference" the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose
important information to you by referring you to those documents. The
information we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus,
and later information that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
will automatically update and supersede some of this information. The documents
we incorporate by reference are:
o the description of our common stock contained in our
registration statement on Form 8-A, Commission File No.
0-23336, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on February 2, 1994;
o our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2004, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
March 31, 2005, as amended by our amended Annual Report on
Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2004, as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 2, 2005;
and
o our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 2005, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on May 16, 2005.
All reports and other documents that we file with the Commission
under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of
this prospectus but before the termination of the offering of the common stock
hereunder will also be considered to be incorporated by reference into this
prospectus from the date of the filing of these reports and documents, and will
supersede the information herein; provided, however, that all reports that we
"furnish" to the Commission will not be considered incorporated by reference
into this prospectus. We undertake to provide without charge to each person who
receives a copy of this prospectus, upon written or oral request, a copy of all
of the preceding documents that are incorporated by reference (other than
exhibits, unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference into
these documents). You may request a copy of these materials, at no cost, by
telephoning us at the following address:
24
Arotech Corporation
354 Industry Drive
Auburn, Alabama 36832
Attention: General Counsel and Secretary
(334) 502-9001
You should rely only on the information in this prospectus and the
additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find More
Information." We have not authorized any other person to provide you with
different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent
information, you should not rely upon it. Neither we nor the selling stockholder
are making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer
or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information in this
prospectus was accurate on the date of the front cover of this prospectus only.
Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have
changed since that date.
25
================================================================================
8,264,463 Shares
Common Stock
AROTECH
----------
PROSPECTUS
----------
, 2005
================================================================================
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses payable by
Arotech in connection with the sale of common stock being registered. All
amounts are estimates except the SEC registration fee.
SEC Registration Fee................. $ 1,186.73
Legal Fees and Expenses.............. 2,000.00
Accounting Fees and Expenses......... 1,000.00
Printing and Engraving............... 1,000.00
Miscellaneous........................ 813.27
-----------
Total: .............................. $ 6,000.00
===========
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Arotech Corporation is a Delaware corporation. Section 102(b)(7) of
the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") enables a corporation in its
original certificate of incorporation or an amendment thereto to eliminate or
limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its
stockholders for monetary damages for violations of the director's fiduciary
duty, except (i) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the
corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or
which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii)
pursuant to Section 174 of the DGCL (providing for liability of directors for
unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchases or redemptions) or
(iv) for any transaction from which a director derived an improper personal
benefit. The Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
("Certificate of Incorporation") and By-Laws contain provisions eliminating the
liability of directors to the extent permitted by the DGCL.
Section 145 of the DGCL provides that a corporation may indemnify
any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the
corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer,
employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the
corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses
(including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement
actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or
proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to
be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect
to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his
conduct was unlawful. Section 145 further provides that a corporation similarly
may indemnify any such person serving in any such capacity who was or is a party
or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed
action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure judgment in its
favor, against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the
defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a
manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of
the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of
any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to
be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Delaware
Court of Chancery or such other court in which such action or suit was brought
shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but
in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and
reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery
or such other court shall deem proper.
Article 10 of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation provides
that, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, the Company's directors shall
not be liable to the Company or its stockholders for monetary damages for any
breach of fiduciary duty as a director.
II-1
Article 11 of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation provides
that the Company shall, to the maximum extent permitted under the DGCL,
indemnify any person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a
party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or claim,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact
that such person is or was or has agreed to be a director or officer of the
Company or while a director or officer is or was serving at the request of the
Company as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, or agent of any
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including
service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including
attorney's fees), judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement
incurred in connection with the investigation, preparation to defend or defense
of such action, suit, proceeding or claim.
The Company also maintains directors' and officers' insurance.
For the undertaking with respect to indemnification, see Item 17
herein.
Item 16. Exhibits
Exhibit
Number Description
------ -----------
(1)3.1...........Registrant's Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation
(2)3.1.1.........Amendment to Registrant's Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation
(3)3.2...........Amended and Restated By-Laws
(3)4.1...........Specimen Certificates for shares of the Registrant's Common
Stock, $.01 par value
**5.1...........Legal Opinion of Lowenstein Sandler PC
*10.1..........Amendment dated April 10, 2005 to Stock Purchase/Sale
Agreement dated January 7, 2004
*23.1..........Consent of Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kassierer, a member of
Ernst & Young Global
*23.2..........Consent of Stark Winter Schenkein & Co., LLP
**23.3..........Consent of Lowenstein Sandler PC (contained in the opinion
filed as Exhibit 5.1)
*24.1..........Power of Attorney (included as part of the signature page
filed herewith)
----------
* Filed herewith
** To be filed by amemdment.
(1) Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1998
(2) Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2000
(3) Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2004
Item 17. Undertakings
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:
(a) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of
the Securities Act of 1933,
(b) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising
after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most
recent post- effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in
the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set
forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the
total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which
was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the
estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of
prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in
the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more
than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set
forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the
effective registration statement,
II-2
(c) To include any material information with respect to the
plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration
Statement or any material change to such information in the
Registration Statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective
amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
(4) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes
of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the
registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's
annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is
incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a
new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
(5) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons
of the registrant pursuant to the provisions set forth in Item 15 above, or
otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event
that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the
payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer,
or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action,
suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person
in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling
precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether
such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-3
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in the City of Auburn, State of Alabama, on this 16th day of May,
2005.
AROTECH CORPORATION
By: /s/ Robert S. Ehrlich
------------------------------------------------------
Name: Robert S. Ehrlich
Title: Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below constitutes and appoints Robert Ehrlich and Yaakov Har-Oz, and
each of them, each with full power to act without the other, his true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and
resubstitution, for such person and in his name, place and stead, in any and all
capacities, to sign any amendments to this Registration Statement, and to sign
any registration statement for the same offering covered by this Registration
Statement, including post-effective amendments, and to file the same, with all
exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming that each of
said such attorneys-in-fact and agents or his substitute or substitutes, may do
or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
this registration statement or amendment has been signed below by the following
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Robert S. Ehrlich Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
----------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer) May 16, 2005
Robert S. Ehrlich
/s/ Avihai Shen Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer
----------------------------- (Principal Financial Officer) May 16, 2005
Avihai Shen
/s/ Danny Waldner Controller
----------------------------- (Principal Accounting Officer) May 16, 2005
Danny Waldner
/s/ Steven Esses Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
----------------------------- and Director May 16, 2005
Steven Esses
/s/ Jay M. Eastman Director
-----------------------------
Dr. Jay M. Eastman May 16, 2005
/s/ Lawrence M. Miller Director
------------------------------
Lawrence M. Miller May 16_, 2005
/s/ Jack E. Rosenfeld Director
-----------------------------
Jack E. Rosenfeld May __, 2005
Director
------------------------------
Bert W. Wasserman May 16, 2005
/s/ Edward J. Borey Director
-----------------------------
Edward J. Borey
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