ZION-2015.06.30-10Q
    

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2015
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to                         
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-12307
ZIONS BANCORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
UTAH
87-0227400
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
One South Main, 15th Floor
Salt Lake City, Utah
84133
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (801) 844-7637
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
ý
Accelerated filer
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, without par value, outstanding at July 31, 2015
204,170,220 shares



ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Table of Contents


 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 

2


Table of Contents

PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except shares)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
(Unaudited)
 
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
758,238

 
$
841,942

Money market investments:
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits
7,661,311

 
7,178,097

Federal funds sold and security resell agreements
1,404,246

 
1,386,291

Investment securities:
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (approximate fair value $578,327 and $677,196)
570,869

 
647,252

Available-for-sale, at fair value
4,652,415

 
3,844,248

Trading account, at fair value
74,519

 
70,601

 
5,297,803

 
4,562,101

 
 
 
 
Loans held for sale
152,448

 
132,504

 
 
 
 
Loans and leases, net of unearned income and fees
40,023,984

 
40,063,658

Less allowance for loan losses
609,375

 
604,663

Loans, net of allowance
39,414,609

 
39,458,995

 
 
 
 
Other noninterest-bearing investments
863,443

 
865,950

Premises and equipment, net
856,577

 
829,809

Goodwill
1,014,129

 
1,014,129

Core deposit and other intangibles
20,843

 
25,520

Other real estate owned
13,269

 
18,916

Other assets
908,543

 
894,620

 
$
58,365,459

 
$
57,208,874

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand
$
21,557,584

 
$
20,529,124

Interest-bearing:
 
 
 
Savings and money market
24,744,288

 
24,583,636

Time
2,263,146

 
2,406,924

Foreign
372,106

 
328,391

 
48,937,124

 
47,848,075

 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
227,124

 
244,223

Long-term debt
1,050,938

 
1,092,282

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
79,961

 
81,076

Other liabilities
540,137

 
573,688

Total liabilities
50,835,284

 
49,839,344

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, without par value, authorized 4,400,000 shares
1,004,032

 
1,004,011

Common stock, without par value; authorized 350,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 203,740,914 and 203,014,903 shares
4,738,272

 
4,723,855

Retained earnings
1,823,043

 
1,769,705

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
(35,172
)
 
(128,041
)
Total shareholders’ equity
7,530,175

 
7,369,530

 
$
58,365,459

 
$
57,208,874

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans
$
420,642

 
$
433,802

 
$
836,397

 
$
868,151

Interest on money market investments
5,785

 
4,888

 
11,003

 
10,018

Interest on securities
28,809

 
24,502

 
56,282

 
52,596

Total interest income
455,236

 
463,192

 
903,682

 
930,765

Interest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on deposits
12,321

 
12,096

 
24,425

 
24,875

Interest on short- and long-term borrowings
19,211

 
34,812

 
38,207

 
73,136

Total interest expense
31,532

 
46,908

 
62,632

 
98,011

Net interest income
423,704

 
416,284

 
841,050

 
832,754

Provision for loan losses
566

 
(54,416
)
 
(928
)
 
(55,026
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
423,138

 
470,700

 
841,978

 
887,780

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts
41,616

 
41,400

 
82,810

 
82,600

Other service charges, commissions and fees
51,705

 
47,959

 
99,191

 
92,208

Wealth management income
8,160

 
7,980

 
15,775

 
15,057

Loan sales and servicing income
8,382

 
7,332

 
16,088

 
14,428

Capital markets and foreign exchange
7,275

 
5,875

 
12,776

 
10,919

Dividends and other investment income
9,343

 
7,995

 
18,715

 
15,859

Fair value and nonhedge derivative income (loss)
1,844

 
(1,934
)
 
756

 
(10,473
)
Equity securities gains, net
4,839

 
2,513

 
8,192

 
3,425

Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
(138,436
)
 
5,026

 
(138,675
)
 
35,940

Impairment losses on investment securities

 

 

 
(27
)
Less amounts recognized in other comprehensive income

 

 

 

Net impairment losses on investment securities

 

 

 
(27
)
Other
5,693

 
703

 
6,615

 
3,227

Total noninterest income
421

 
124,849

 
122,243

 
263,163

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and employee benefits
251,133

 
238,760

 
494,652

 
472,162

Occupancy, net
30,095

 
28,939

 
59,434

 
57,244

Furniture, equipment and software
31,247

 
27,986

 
60,960

 
55,930

Other real estate expense, net
(445
)
 
(266
)
 
(71
)
 
1,341

Credit-related expense
8,106

 
7,161

 
14,045

 
14,107

Provision for unfunded lending commitments
(2,326
)
 
6,779

 
(1,115
)
 
5,767

Professional and legal services
13,110

 
12,171

 
24,593

 
23,166

Advertising
6,511

 
6,803

 
13,486

 
13,201

FDIC premiums
8,609

 
8,017

 
16,728

 
15,939

Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles
2,318

 
2,736

 
4,676

 
5,618

Debt extinguishment cost
2,395

 

 
2,395

 

Other
53,347

 
66,941

 
111,778

 
139,615

Total noninterest expense
404,100

 
406,027

 
801,561

 
804,090

Income before income taxes
19,459

 
189,522

 
162,660

 
346,853

Income taxes
5,499

 
69,972

 
56,675

 
126,093

Net income
13,960

 
119,550

 
105,985

 
220,760

Dividends on preferred stock
(15,060
)
 
(15,060
)
 
(31,806
)
 
(40,080
)
Net earnings (loss) applicable to common shareholders
$
(1,100
)
 
$
104,490

 
$
74,179

 
$
180,680

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic shares
202,888

 
184,668

 
202,746

 
184,555

Diluted shares
202,888

 
185,286

 
203,295

 
185,202

Net earnings (loss) per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.01
)
 
$
0.56

 
$
0.36

 
$
0.97

Diluted
(0.01
)
 
0.56

 
0.36

 
0.97

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income for the period
 
$
13,960

 
$
119,550

 
$
105,985

 
$
220,760

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on investment securities
 
(7,294
)
 
8,551

 
(6,808
)
 
82,458

Reclassification of HTM securities to AFS securities
 

 

 
10,938

 

Reclassification to earnings for realized net fixed income securities losses (gains)
 
85,664

 
(3,104
)
 
85,812

 
(27,944
)
Reclassification to earnings for net credit-related impairment losses on investment securities
 

 

 

 
17

Accretion of securities with noncredit-related impairment losses not expected to be sold
 

 
273

 

 
559

Net unrealized gains (losses) on other noninterest-bearing investments
 
2,339

 
2,054

 
1,975

 
(787
)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivative instruments
 
(219
)
 
1,199

 
2,334

 
1,519

Reclassification adjustment for increase in interest income recognized in earnings on derivative instruments
 
(753
)
 
(348
)
 
(1,382
)
 
(558
)
Other comprehensive income
 
79,737

 
8,625

 
92,869

 
55,264

Comprehensive income
 
$
93,697

 
$
128,175

 
$
198,854

 
$
276,024

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except shares
and per share amounts)
Preferred
stock
 
Common stock
 
Retained earnings
 
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
Total
shareholders’ equity
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
1,004,011

 
203,014,903

 
$
4,723,855

 
$
1,769,705

 
 
$
(128,041
)
 
 
$
7,369,530

Net income for the period
 
 
 
 
 
 
105,985

 
 
 
 
 
105,985

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
92,869

 
 
92,869

Subordinated debt converted to preferred stock
21

 
 
 
(6
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits
 
 
726,011

 
14,423

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14,423

Dividends on preferred stock


 
 
 
 
 
(31,806
)
 
 
 
 
 
(31,806
)
Dividends on common stock, $0.10 per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
(20,444
)
 
 
 
 
 
(20,444
)
Change in deferred compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
(397
)
 
 
 
 
 
(397
)
Balance at June 30, 2015
$
1,004,032

 
203,740,914

 
$
4,738,272

 
$
1,823,043

 
 
$
(35,172
)
 
 
$
7,530,175

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2013
$
1,003,970

 
184,677,696

 
$
4,179,024

 
$
1,473,670

 
 
$
(192,101
)
 
 
$
6,464,563

Net income for the period
 
 
 
 
 
 
220,760

 
 
 
 
 
220,760

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
55,264

 
 
55,264

Subordinated debt converted to preferred stock
36

 
 
 
(5
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits
 
 
435,269

 
13,117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13,117

Dividends on preferred stock


 
 
 
 
 
(40,080
)
 
 
 
 
 
(40,080
)
Dividends on common stock, $0.08 per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
(14,873
)
 
 
 
 
 
(14,873
)
Change in deferred compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,308

 
 
 
 
 
1,308

Balance at June 30, 2014
$
1,004,006

 
185,112,965

 
$
4,192,136

 
$
1,640,785

 
 
$
(136,837
)
 
 
$
6,700,090

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income for the period
$
13,960

 
$
119,550

 
$
105,985

 
$
220,760

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
(1,760
)
 
(47,637
)
 
(2,043
)
 
(49,259
)
Depreciation and amortization
35,113

 
31,150

 
69,282

 
63,554

Fixed income securities losses (gains), net
138,436

 
(5,026
)
 
138,675

 
(35,940
)
Deferred income tax expense
(44,431
)
 
(58,870
)
 
(41,029
)
 
19,408

Net increase in trading securities
(2,899
)
 
(247
)
 
(3,920
)
 
(22,109
)
Net decrease (increase) in loans held for sale
(23,568
)
 
(38,030
)
 
(20,051
)
 
6,954

Change in other liabilities
(61,829
)
 
19,279

 
(36,263
)
 
(58,517
)
Change in other assets
32,079

 
(16,686
)
 
(33,169
)
 
(13,460
)
Other, net
(70
)
 
9,910

 
(3,619
)
 
12,273

Net cash provided by operating activities
85,031

 
13,393

 
173,848

 
143,664

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net decrease (increase) in money market investments
(754,443
)
 
1,672,416

 
(501,169
)
 
1,591,565

Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of investment securities
held-to-maturity
21,587

 
19,190

 
60,910

 
38,125

Purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity
(1,485
)
 
(27,514
)
 
(24,061
)
 
(63,264
)
Proceeds from sales, maturities, and paydowns of investment securities available-for-sale
751,373

 
194,973

 
980,267

 
1,042,261

Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale
(972,714
)
 
(221,701
)
 
(1,757,570
)
 
(673,824
)
Net change in loans and leases
148,336

 
(446,118
)
 
47,894

 
(612,533
)
Purchases of premises and equipment
(33,835
)
 
(35,815
)
 
(67,368
)
 
(112,731
)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned
5,172

 
17,087

 
8,573

 
28,912

Other, net
25,974

 
1,380

 
29,325

 
6,997

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(810,035
)
 
1,173,898

 
(1,223,199
)
 
1,245,508

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
813,764

 
(861,165
)
 
1,089,049

 
(690,743
)
Net change in short-term funds borrowed
23,527

 
(21,436
)
 
(17,099
)
 
(81,947
)
Repayments of long-term debt
(44,420
)
 
(236,404
)
 
(52,605
)
 
(361,159
)
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
5,070

 
1,641

 
6,032

 
4,521

Dividends paid on common and preferred stock
(29,045
)
 
(24,207
)
 
(52,279
)
 
(47,948
)
Other, net
(6,512
)
 
(3,388
)
 
(7,451
)
 
(3,691
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
762,384

 
(1,144,959
)
 
965,647

 
(1,180,967
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks
37,380

 
42,332

 
(83,704
)
 
208,205

Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
720,858

 
1,338,930

 
841,942

 
1,173,057

Cash and due from banks at end of period
$
758,238

 
$
1,381,262

 
$
758,238

 
$
1,381,262

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest
$
28,938

 
$
40,820

 
$
51,057

 
$
81,669

Net cash paid for income taxes
92,326

 
122,737

 
91,826

 
122,656

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

7


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2015

1.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Zions Bancorporation (“the Parent”) and its majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively “the Company,” “Zions,” “we,” “our,” “us”) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. References to GAAP, including standards promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), are made according to sections of the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and to Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”), which include consensus issues of the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”). In certain cases, ASUs are issued jointly with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. These reclassifications did not affect net income.

Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in future periods. The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014 is from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Company provides a full range of banking and related services through subsidiary banks in 11 Western and Southwestern states as follows: Zions First National Bank (“Zions Bank”), in Utah, Idaho and Wyoming; Amegy Corporation (“Amegy”) and its subsidiary, Amegy Bank, in Texas; California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”); National Bank of Arizona (“NBAZ”); Nevada State Bank (“NSB”); Vectra Bank Colorado (“Vectra”), in Colorado and New Mexico; and The Commerce Bank of Washington (“TCBW”), in Washington and Oregon. Effective April 1, 2015, The Commerce Bank of Oregon (“TCBO”) was merged into TCBW. The Parent and its subsidiary banks also own and operate certain nonbank subsidiaries that engage in financial services. On June 1, 2015, the Company announced certain efficiency and restructuring initiatives that included, among other things, the consolidation of its seven bank charters into one bank charter. This change is subject to regulatory approval and is currently expected to be completed within the next 6 to 12 months.

2.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards not yet adopted by the Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-07, Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or its Equivalent), (Topic 820)
 
The guidance eliminates the current requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy investments whose fair values are measured at net asset value (“NAV”) using the practical expedient in ASC 820. Fair value disclosure of these investments will be made to facilitate reconciliation to amounts reported on the balance sheet. Other related disclosures will continue when the NAV practical expedient is used. Adoption is retrospective and early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We do not currently expect this new disclosure guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.


8


Table of Contents
ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards not yet adopted by the Company (continued)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-05, Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement (Subtopic 350-40)
 
The standard provides guidance to determine whether an arrangement includes a software license. If it does, the customer accounts for it the same way as for other software licenses. If no software license is included, the customer accounts for it as a service contract. Adoption may be retrospective or prospective. Early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance may have on the Company’s financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (Subtopic 835-30)
 
The standard requires that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the associated debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. Adoption is retrospective and early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We currently include debt issuance costs in other assets. The amount to be reclassified to the debt liability is not material to the Company’s financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (Topic 810)
 
The new standard changes certain criteria in the variable interest model and the voting model to determine whether certain legal entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and whether they should be consolidated. Additional disclosures are required regarding entities not currently considered VIEs, but may become VIEs under the new guidance and may be subject to consolidation. Adoption may be retrospective or modified retrospective with a cumulative effect adjustment. Early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We currently do not consolidate any VIEs and do not expect this new guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
 
The core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The banking industry does not expect significant changes because major sources of revenue are from financial instruments that have been excluded from the scope of the new standard, (including loans, derivatives, debt and equity securities, etc.). However, the new standard affects other fees charged by banks, such as asset management fees, credit card interchange fees, deposit account fees, etc. Adoption may be made on a full retrospective basis with practical expedients, or on a modified retrospective basis with a cumulative effect adjustment. Early adoption may be made as of the current effective date, assuming deferral is enacted.
 
January 1, 2017 (FASB announced on July 9, 2015 a one-year deferral from effective date shown above; ASU still to be issued.)
 
While we currently do not expect this standard will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements, we are still in process of conducting our evaluation.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards adopted by the Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-14, Classification of Certain Government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure (Subtopic 310-40)
 
The standard addresses the classification of certain foreclosed mortgage loans fully or partially guaranteed under government programs. Under certain such programs, qualifying creditors can extend mortgage loans with a guarantee entitling the creditor to recover all or a portion of the unpaid principal balance from the government if the borrower defaults. A separate other receivable is established that is measured based on the amount of the loans expected to be recovered.
 
January 1, 2015
 
Our adoption of this standard had no impact on the accompanying financial statements.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards adopted by the Company (continued)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-04, Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized
Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure (Subtopic 310-40)
 
The standard clarifies that a creditor should be considered to have physical possession of a residential real estate property collateralizing a residential mortgage loan and thus would reclassify the loan to other real estate owned when certain conditions are satisfied. Additional financial statement disclosures will be required.
 
January 1, 2015
 
Our adoption of this standard added a nominal amount of additional disclosure to Note 6.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-01, Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing
Projects (Topic 323)
 
The standard revised conditions an entity must meet to elect the effective yield method when accounting for qualified affordable housing project investments. The EITF final consensus changed the method of amortizing a Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (“LIHTC”) investment from the effective yield method to a proportional amorti-zation method. Amortization would be proportional to the tax credits and tax benefits received but, under a practical expedient available in certain circumstances, amortization could be proportional to only the tax credits. Reporting entities that invest in LIHTC investments through a limited liability entity could elect the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met.
 
January 1, 2015
 
Our adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the accompanying financial statements.

3.
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Noncash activities are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and leases transferred to other real estate owned
$
3,084

 
$
4,905

 
$
6,652

 
$
11,243

Loans held for sale reclassified as (from) loans and leases
(2,395
)
 
1,292

 
10,743

 
5,081

Amortized cost of HTM securities reclassified as AFS securities

 

 
79,276

 


4.
OFFSETTING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Gross and net information for selected financial instruments in the balance sheet is as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
 
 
Description
 
Gross amounts recognized
 
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet
 
Net amounts presented in the balance sheet
 
Financial instruments
 
Cash collateral received/pledged
 
Net amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds sold and security resell agreements
 
$
1,704,246

 
$
(300,000
)
 
$
1,404,246

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,404,246

Derivatives (included in other assets)
 
63,962

 

 
63,962

 
(6,224
)
 

 
57,738

 
 
$
1,768,208

 
$
(300,000
)
 
$
1,468,208

 
$
(6,224
)
 
$

 
$
1,461,984

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
 
$
527,124

 
$
(300,000
)
 
$
227,124

 
$

 
$

 
$
227,124

Derivatives (included in other liabilities)
 
60,245

 

 
60,245

 
(6,224
)
 
(27,091
)
 
26,930

 
 
$
587,369

 
$
(300,000
)
 
$
287,369

 
$
(6,224
)
 
$
(27,091
)
 
$
254,054


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
 
 
Description
 
Gross amounts recognized
 
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet
 
Net amounts presented in the balance sheet
 
Financial instruments
 
Cash collateral received/pledged
 
Net amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds sold and security resell agreements
 
$
1,386,291

 
$

 
$
1,386,291

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,386,291

Derivatives (included in other assets)
 
66,420

 

 
66,420

 
(3,755
)
 

 
62,665

 
 
$
1,452,711

 
$

 
$
1,452,711

 
$
(3,755
)
 
$

 
$
1,448,956

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
 
$
244,223

 
$

 
$
244,223

 
$

 
$

 
$
244,223

Derivatives (included in other liabilities)
 
66,064

 

 
66,064

 
(3,755
)
 
(31,968
)
 
30,341

 
 
$
310,287

 
$

 
$
310,287

 
$
(3,755
)
 
$
(31,968
)
 
$
274,564


Security resell and repurchase agreements are offset, when applicable, in the balance sheet according to master netting agreements. Security repurchase agreements are included with “Federal funds and other short-term borrowings.” Derivative instruments may be offset under their master netting agreements; however, for accounting purposes, we present these items on a gross basis in the Company’s balance sheet. See Note 7 for further information regarding derivative instruments.

5.
INVESTMENTS 
Investment Securities
Investment securities are summarized below. Note 10 discusses the process to estimate fair value for investment securities.
 
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)

Amortized
cost
 
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
570,869

 
$
9,584

 
$
2,126

 
$
578,327

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
661,118

 
1,214

 
11,875

 
650,457

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
2,001,120

 
9,741

 
9,281

 
2,001,580

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
1,653,333

 
16,828

 
7,931

 
1,662,230

Municipal securities
202,372

 
796

 
511

 
202,657

Other debt securities
25,519

 
219

 
1,923

 
23,815

 
4,543,462

 
28,798

 
31,521

 
4,540,739

Money market mutual funds and other
111,608

 
68

 

 
111,676

 
4,655,070

 
28,866

 
31,521

 
4,652,415

Total
$
5,225,939

 
$
38,450

 
$
33,647

 
$
5,230,742



11


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
Recognized in OCI 1
 
 
 
Not recognized in OCI
 
 
(In thousands) 

Amortized
cost
 
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Carrying
value
 
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
607,675

 
$

 
$

 
$
607,675

 
$
13,018

 
$
804

 
$
619,889

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
79,276

 

 
39,699

 
39,577

 
18,393

 
663

 
57,307

 
686,951

 

 
39,699

 
647,252

 
31,411

 
1,467

 
677,196

Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Agency securities
607,523

 
1,572

 
8,343

 
600,752

 
 
 
 
 
600,752

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
935,164

 
12,132

 
2,105

 
945,191

 
 
 
 
 
945,191

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
1,544,710

 
16,446

 
8,891

 
1,552,265

 
 
 
 
 
1,552,265

Municipal securities
189,059

 
1,143

 
945

 
189,257

 
 
 
 
 
189,257

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
537,589

 
103

 
121,984

 
415,708

 
 
 
 
 
415,708

Other
5,252

 
207

 
7

 
5,452

 
 
 
 
 
5,452

 
3,819,297

 
31,603

 
142,275

 
3,708,625

 
 
 
 
 
3,708,625

Money market mutual funds and other
136,591

 
76

 
1,044

 
135,623

 
 
 
 
 
135,623

 
3,955,888

 
31,679

 
143,319

 
3,844,248

 
 
 
 
 
3,844,248

Total
$
4,642,839

 
$
31,679

 
$
183,018

 
$
4,491,500

 
 
 
 
 
$
4,521,444

1 
Other comprehensive income
CDO Sales and Paydowns
During the second quarter of 2015, we sold the remaining portfolio of our collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) securities, or $574 million at amortized cost, and realized net losses of approximately $137 million. Unrealized losses included in OCI at March 31, 2015 were $148 million. We also received approximately $13 million in paydowns and payoffs of CDO securities during the quarter prior to the sale of the CDOs.

During the first quarter of 2015, we reclassified all of the remaining held-to-maturity (“HTM”) CDO securities, or approximately $79 million at amortized cost, to available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities. The reclassification resulted from increased risk weights for these securities under the new Basel III capital rules, and was made in accordance with applicable accounting guidance that allows for such reclassifications when increased risk weights of debt securities must be used for regulatory risk-based capital purposes. No gain or loss was recognized in the statement of income at the time of reclassification.

During the first half of 2014, we recorded a total of $1,018 million par amount of sales and paydowns of CDO securities, resulting in net gains of approximately $36 million. These sales were made in part as a result of the Volcker Rule (“VR”).

Maturities
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment debt securities are shown subsequently as of June 30, 2015 by expected timing of principal payments. Actual principal payments may differ from contractual or expected principal payments because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
Held-to-maturity
 
Available-for-sale
(In thousands)
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal return in one year or less
$
89,799

 
$
90,840

 
$
686,832

 
$
687,548

Principal return after one year through five years
183,910

 
186,348

 
1,901,910

 
1,902,874

Principal return after five years through ten years
155,474

 
159,795

 
1,419,932

 
1,418,243

Principal return after ten years
141,686

 
141,344

 
534,788

 
532,074

 
$
570,869

 
$
578,327

 
$
4,543,462

 
$
4,540,739

The following is a summary of the amount of gross unrealized losses for investment securities and the estimated fair value by length of time the securities have been in an unrealized loss position:
 
June 30, 2015
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
(In thousands)
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
2,036

 
$
150,067

 
$
90

 
$
3,818

 
$
2,126

 
$
153,885

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
5,823

 
162,727

 
6,052

 
291,372

 
11,875

 
454,099

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
8,960

 
1,497,852

 
321

 
19,035

 
9,281

 
1,516,887

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
3,622

 
347,566

 
4,309

 
330,790

 
7,931

 
678,356

Municipal securities
492

 
57,736

 
19

 
1,627

 
511

 
59,363

Other debt securities

 

 
1,923

 
13,080

 
1,923

 
13,080

 
18,897

 
2,065,881

 
12,624

 
655,904

 
31,521

 
2,721,785

Total
$
20,933

 
$
2,215,948

 
$
12,714

 
$
659,722

 
$
33,647

 
$
2,875,670

 
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
 fair
 value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
 fair
 value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
 fair
 value
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
527

 
$
62,762

 
$
277

 
$
14,003

 
$
804

 
$
76,765

 
Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
53

 
122

 
40,309

 
57,186

 
40,362

 
57,308

 
 
580

 
62,884

 
40,586

 
71,189

 
41,166

 
134,073

 
Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
4,510

 
295,694

 
3,833

 
101,188

 
8,343

 
396,882

 
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,914

 
425,114

 
191

 
12,124

 
2,105

 
437,238

 
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
5,869

 
495,817

 
3,022

 
175,523

 
8,891

 
671,340

 
Municipal securities
258

 
36,551

 
687

 
4,616

 
945

 
41,167

 
Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance

 

 
121,984

 
405,605

 
121,984

 
405,605

 
Other
7

 
1,607

 

 

 
7

 
1,607

 
 
12,558

 
1,254,783

 
129,717

 
699,056

 
142,275

 
1,953,839

 
Money market mutual funds and other
1,044

 
71,907

 

 

 
1,044

 
71,907

 
 
13,602

 
1,326,690

 
129,717

 
699,056

 
143,319

 
2,025,746

 
Total
$
14,182

 
$
1,389,574

 
$
170,303

 
$
770,245

 
$
184,485

 
$
2,159,819



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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

At June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, 287 and 153 HTM and 545 and 458 AFS investment securities were in an unrealized loss position.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
Ongoing Policy
We review investment securities on a quarterly basis for the presence of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”). We assess whether OTTI is present when the fair value of a debt security is less than its amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date (the majority of the investment portfolio are debt securities). Under these circumstances, OTTI is considered to have occurred if (1) we have formed a documented intent to sell identified securities or initiated such sales; (2) it is “more likely than not” we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis; or (3) the present value of expected cash flows is not sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis.

Noncredit-related OTTI in securities we intend to sell is recognized in earnings as is any credit-related OTTI in securities, regardless of our intent. Noncredit-related OTTI on AFS securities not expected to be sold is recognized in OCI. The amount of noncredit-related OTTI in a security is quantified as the difference in a security’s amortized cost after adjustment for credit impairment, and its lower fair value. Presentation of OTTI is made in the statement of income on a gross basis with an offset for the amount of OTTI recognized in OCI.
OTTI Conclusions
Our 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K describes in more detail our OTTI evaluation process. The following summarizes the conclusions from our OTTI evaluation by each security type that has significant gross unrealized losses at June 30, 2015:

OTTI – U.S. Government Agencies and Corporations
Agency Securities: These securities were issued by the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (“FAMC”) and the Export-Import Bank of the U.S. These securities are floating-rate and were purchased at premiums or discounts. They have maturity dates from 1 to 25 years and have contractual cash flows guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. Government. Unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates subsequent to purchase and are not attributable to credit. At June 30, 2015, we did not have an intent to sell identified securities with unrealized losses or initiate such sales, and we believe it is more likely than not we would not be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Therefore, we did not record OTTI for these securities during the second quarter of 2015.

Agency Guaranteed Mortgage-Backed Securities: These pass-through securities are comprised largely of fixed and floating-rate residential mortgage-backed securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation. They were generally purchased at premiums with maturity dates from 10 to 15 years for fixed-rate securities and 30 years for floating-rate securities. These securities benefit from certain guarantee provisions or, in the case of GNMA, direct U.S. government guarantees. Unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates subsequent to purchase and are not attributable to credit. At June 30, 2015, we did not have an intent to sell identified securities with unrealized losses or initiate such sales, and we believe it is more likely than not we would not be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Therefore, we did not record OTTI for these securities during the second quarter of 2015.

Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Loan-Backed Securities: These securities were generally purchased at premiums with maturities from 5 to 25 years and have principal cash flows guaranteed by the SBA. Unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates subsequent to purchase and are not attributable to credit. At June 30, 2015, we did not have an intent to sell identified SBA securities with unrealized losses or initiate such sales, and we believe it is more likely than not we would not be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Therefore, we did not record OTTI for these securities during the second quarter of 2015.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following is a tabular rollforward of the total amount of credit-related OTTI:
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015
HTM

AFS

Total

HTM
 
AFS
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance of credit-related OTTI at beginning
of period
$

 
$
(103,238
)
 
$
(103,238
)
 
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(95,472
)
 
$
(104,551
)
Reductions for securities sold or paid off during the period

 
103,238

 
103,238

 

 
104,551

 
104,551

Reclassification of securities from HTM to AFS

 

 

 
9,079

 
(9,079
)
 

Balance of credit-related OTTI at end of period
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2014
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2014
HTM
 
AFS
 
Total
 
HTM
 
AFS
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance of credit-related OTTI at beginning
of period
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(163,914
)
 
$
(172,993
)
 
$
(9,052
)
 
$
(176,833
)
 
$
(185,885
)
Additions recognized in earnings during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional credit-related OTTI on securities previously impaired

 

 

 
(27
)
 

 
(27
)
Reductions for securities sold or paid off during the period

 

 

 

 
12,919

 
12,919

Balance of credit-related OTTI at end of period
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(163,914
)
 
$
(172,993
)
 
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(163,914
)
 
$
(172,993
)

The following summarizes gains and losses, including OTTI, that were recognized in the statement of income:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
June 30, 2015
 
June 30, 2014
 
June 30, 2015
 
June 30, 2014
 
(In thousands)
Gross gains
 
Gross
losses
 
Gross gains
 
Gross losses
 
Gross gains
 
Gross
losses
 
Gross gains
 
Gross losses
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1

 
$

 
$

 
$
27

 
Available-for-sale
7,402

 
146,315

 
5,032

 
1,238

 
8,360

 
147,513

 
77,593

 
42,885

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest-bearing investments
6,008

 
692

 
3,745

 

 
9,603

 
934

 
4,657

 

 
 
13,410

 
147,007

 
8,777

 
1,238

 
17,964

 
148,447

 
82,250

 
42,912

 
Net gains (losses)
 
 
$
(133,597
)
 
 
 
$
7,539

 
 
 
$
(130,483
)
 
 
 
$
39,338

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income information:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net impairment losses on investment securities
 
 
$

 
 
 
$

 
 
 
$

 
 
 
$
(27
)
 
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
4,839

 
 
 
2,513

 
 
 
8,192

 
 
 
3,425

 
Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
 
 
(138,436
)
 
 
 
5,026

 
 
 
(138,675
)
 
 
 
35,940

 
Net gains (losses)
 
 
$
(133,597
)
 
 
 
$
7,539

 
 
 
$
(130,483
)
 
 
 
$
39,338



15


Table of Contents
ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Interest income by security type is as follows:
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$
3,093

 
$
2,774

 
$
5,867

 
$
6,685

 
$
5,636

 
$
12,321

Available-for-sale
21,637

 
695

 
22,332

 
41,405

 
1,348

 
42,753

Trading
610

 

 
610

 
1,208

 

 
1,208

 
$
25,340

 
$
3,469

 
$
28,809

 
$
49,298

 
$
6,984

 
$
56,282

(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2014
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2014
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$
3,721

 
$
2,807

 
$
6,528

 
$
7,549

 
$
5,643

 
$
13,192

Available-for-sale
16,780

 
628

 
17,408

 
37,204

 
1,152

 
38,356

Trading
566

 

 
566

 
1,048

 

 
1,048

 
$
21,067

 
$
3,435

 
$
24,502

 
$
45,801

 
$
6,795

 
$
52,596


Investment securities with a carrying value of $1.6 billion at June 30, 2015 and $1.4 billion at December 31, 2014 were pledged to secure public and trust deposits, advances, and for other purposes as required by law. Securities are also pledged as collateral for security repurchase agreements.

Private Equity Investments
Effect of Volcker Rule
The VR, as published pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act in December 2013 and amended in January 2014, significantly restricted certain activities by covered bank holding companies, including restrictions on certain types of securities, proprietary trading, and private equity investing. The Company’s private equity investments (“PEIs”) consist of Small Business Investment Companies (“SBICs”) and non-SBICs. As of December 31, 2014, the only prohibited investments under the VR requiring divestiture by the Company were certain of its PEIs. Of the recorded PEIs of $131 million at June 30, 2015, approximately $25 million remain prohibited by the VR.

As of June 30, 2015, we have sold a total of approximately $17 million of PEIs as follows: $4 million during the second quarter of 2015, $5 million during the first quarter of 2015, and $8 million during 2014. All of these sales related to prohibited PEIs. The 2015 sales resulted in insignificant amounts of realized gains or losses. We will dispose of the remaining $25 million of prohibited PEIs before the required deadline. However, the required deadline has been extended to July 21, 2016 from July 21, 2015 and the Federal Reserve has announced its intention to act in 2015 to grant an additional one-year extension to July 21, 2017. See other discussions in Notes 10 and 11.

As discussed in Note 11, we have $48 million at June 30, 2015 of unfunded commitments for PEIs, of which approximately $7 million relate to prohibited PEIs. Until we dispose of the prohibited PEIs, we expect to fund these commitments if and as the capital calls are made, as allowed under the VR.




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6.
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loans and Loans Held for Sale
Loans are summarized as follows according to major portfolio segment and specific loan class:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
Loans held for sale
$
152,448

 
$
132,504

 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,110,925

 
$
13,162,955

Leasing
401,548

 
408,974

Owner occupied
7,277,208

 
7,351,548

Municipal
588,985

 
520,887

Total commercial
21,378,666

 
21,444,364

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,061,716

 
1,986,408

Term
8,058,285

 
8,126,600

Total commercial real estate
10,120,001

 
10,113,008

Consumer:
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,348,327

 
2,321,150

1-4 family residential
5,193,463

 
5,200,882

Construction and other consumer real estate
371,622

 
370,542

Bankcard and other revolving plans
409,471

 
401,352

Other
202,434

 
212,360

Total consumer
8,525,317

 
8,506,286

Total loans
$
40,023,984

 
$
40,063,658

Loan balances are presented net of unearned income and fees, which amounted to $141.0 million at June 30, 2015 and $144.7 million at December 31, 2014.
Owner occupied and commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans include unamortized premiums of approximately $31.1 million at June 30, 2015 and $36.5 million at December 31, 2014.
Municipal loans generally include loans to municipalities with the debt service being repaid from general funds or pledged revenues of the municipal entity, or to private commercial entities or 501(c)(3) not-for-profit entities utilizing a pass-through municipal entity to achieve favorable tax treatment.
Land development loans included in the construction and land development loan class were $419.4 million at June 30, 2015 and $484.9 million at December 31, 2014.
Loans with a carrying value of approximately $22.4 billion at June 30, 2015 and $22.5 billion at December 31, 2014 have been pledged at the Federal Reserve and various Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLBs”) as collateral for potential borrowings.
We sold loans with a carrying value of $335.8 million and $636.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, and $260.1 million and $597.7 million, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, that were classified as loans held for sale. The sold loans were derecognized from the balance sheet. Loans classified as loans held for sale primarily consist of conforming residential mortgages and the guaranteed portion of SBA loans. The principal balance of sold loans for which we retain servicing was approximately $1.2 billion at both June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Amounts added to loans held for sale during these periods were $359.0 million and $668.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, and $301.6 million and $597.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Income from loans sold, excluding servicing, was $4.3 million and $8.9 million for the three and

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

six months ended June 30, 2015, and $3.6 million and $7.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively.

Since 2009, CB&T and NSB have had loss sharing agreements with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), which provided indemnification for credit losses of acquired loans and foreclosed assets up to specified thresholds. The last of the agreements for commercial loans, which comprised the major portion of the acquired portfolio, expired as of September 30, 2014. The agreements for 1-4 family residential loans will expire in 2019. In previous periods, the FDIC-supported loan balances were presented separately in this footnote and in other disclosures, and included purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, as subsequently discussed in Purchased Loans. Due to declining balances, for all periods presented herein, the FDIC-supported/PCI loans have been reclassified to their respective loan segments and classes.

Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) consists of the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) (also referred to as the allowance for loan losses) and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments (“RULC”).

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The ALLL represents our estimate of probable and estimable losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Losses are charged to the ALLL when recognized. Generally, commercial loans are charged off or charged down when they are determined to be uncollectible in whole or in part, or when 180 days past due unless the loan is well secured and in process of collection. Consumer loans are either charged off or charged down to net realizable value no later than the month in which they become 180 days past due. Closed-end consumer loans that are not secured by residential real estate are either charged off or charged down to net realizable value no later than the month in which they become 120 days past due. We establish the amount of the ALLL by analyzing the portfolio at least quarterly, and we adjust the provision for loan losses so the ALLL is at an appropriate level at the balance sheet date.

We determine our ALLL as the best estimate within a range of estimated losses. The methodologies we use to estimate the ALLL depend upon the impairment status and portfolio segment of the loan. The methodology for impaired loans is discussed subsequently. For the commercial and CRE segments, we use a comprehensive loan grading system to assign probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) grades to each loan. The credit quality indicators discussed subsequently are based on this grading system. In addition, loan officers utilize their experience and judgment in assigning PD and LGD grades, subject to confirmation of the PD and LGD by either credit risk or credit examination. We create groupings of these grades for each subsidiary bank and loan class and calculate historic loss rates using a loss migration analysis that attributes historic realized losses to these loan grade groupings over the period of January 2008 through the most recent full quarter.
For the consumer loan segment, we use roll rate models to forecast probable inherent losses. Roll rate models measure the rate at which consumer loans migrate from one delinquency category to the next worse delinquency category, and eventually to loss. We estimate roll rates for consumer loans using recent delinquency and loss experience by segmenting our consumer loan portfolio into separate pools based on common risk characteristics and separately calculating historical delinquency and loss experience for each pool. These roll rates are then applied to current delinquency levels to estimate probable inherent losses. When long-term average losses exceed those losses estimated through roll rates, we use long-term average loss rates for the applicable pools. Roll rates incorporate housing market trends inasmuch as these trends manifest themselves in charge-offs and delinquencies. In addition, our qualitative and environmental factors discussed subsequently incorporate the most recent housing market trends.
The current status and historical changes in qualitative and environmental factors may not be reflected in our quantitative models. Thus, after applying historical loss experience, as described above, we review the quantitatively derived level of ALLL for each segment using qualitative criteria and use those criteria to determine our estimate within the range. We track various risk factors that influence our judgment regarding the level of the ALLL across the portfolio segments. These factors primarily include:

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Asset quality trends
Risk management and loan administration practices
Risk identification practices
Effect of changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio
Existence and effect of any portfolio concentrations
National economic and business conditions
Regional and local economic and business conditions
Data availability and applicability
Effects of other external factors
The magnitude of the impact of these factors on our qualitative assessment of the ALLL changes from quarter to quarter according to changes made by management in its assessment of these factors, the extent these factors are already reflected in historic loss rates, and the extent changes in these factors diverge from one to another. We also consider the uncertainty inherent in the estimation process when evaluating the ALLL.

Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments
We also estimate a reserve for potential losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments, including standby letters of credit. We determine the RULC using the same procedures and methodologies that we use for the ALLL. The loss factors used in the RULC are the same as the loss factors used in the ALLL, and the qualitative adjustments used in the RULC are the same as the qualitative adjustments used in the ALLL. We adjust the Company’s unfunded lending commitments that are not unconditionally cancelable to an outstanding amount equivalent using credit conversion factors, and we apply the loss factors to the outstanding equivalents.
Changes in the allowance for credit losses are summarized as follows:

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
442,072

 
$
131,615

 
$
46,326

 
$
620,013

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
5,941

 
(4,983
)
 
(392
)
 
566

Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(19
)
 
57

 

 
38

Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(23,822
)
 
(3,943
)
 
(3,283
)
 
(31,048
)
Recoveries
13,598

 
3,050

 
3,158

 
19,806

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(10,224
)
 
(893
)
 
(125
)
 
(11,242
)
Balance at end of period
$
437,770

 
$
125,796

 
$
45,809

 
$
609,375

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
62,775

 
$
18,937

 
$
575

 
$
82,287

Provision credited to earnings
(2,001
)
 
(298
)
 
(27
)
 
(2,326
)
Balance at end of period
$
60,774

 
$
18,639

 
$
548

 
$
79,961

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
437,770

 
$
125,796

 
$
45,809

 
$
609,375

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
60,774

 
18,639

 
548

 
79,961

Total allowance for credit losses
$
498,544

 
$
144,435

 
$
46,357

 
$
689,336



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Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
412,514

 
$
145,009

 
$
47,140

 
$
604,663

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
30,875

 
(31,870
)
 
67

 
(928
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(57
)
 
57

 

 

Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(39,773
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(6,894
)
 
(51,236
)
Recoveries
34,211

 
17,169

 
5,496

 
56,876

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(5,562
)
 
12,600

 
(1,398
)
 
5,640

Balance at end of period
$
437,770

 
$
125,796

 
$
45,809

 
$
609,375

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
58,931

 
$
21,517

 
$
628

 
$
81,076

Provision charged (credited) to earnings
1,843

 
(2,878
)
 
(80
)
 
(1,115
)
Balance at end of period
$
60,774

 
$
18,639

 
$
548

 
$
79,961

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
437,770

 
$
125,796

 
$
45,809

 
$
609,375

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
60,774

 
18,639

 
548

 
79,961

Total allowance for credit losses
$
498,544

 
$
144,435

 
$
46,357

 
$
689,336


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Commercial

Commercial
real estate

Consumer

Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
477,701

 
$
208,149

 
$
51,103

 
$
736,953

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(29,574
)
 
(20,272
)
 
(4,570
)
 
(54,416
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(384
)
 

 
(60
)
 
(444
)
Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(16,023
)
 
(2,961
)
 
(4,416
)
 
(23,400
)
Recoveries
11,245

 
3,024

 
2,945

 
17,214

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(4,778
)
 
63

 
(1,471
)
 
(6,186
)
Balance at end of period
$
442,965

 
$
187,940

 
$
45,002

 
$
675,907


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
49,870

 
$
35,273

 
$
3,550

 
$
88,693

Provision charged to earnings
2,931

 
3,416

 
432

 
6,779

Balance at end of period
$
52,801

 
$
38,689

 
$
3,982

 
$
95,472


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
442,965


$
187,940


$
45,002


$
675,907

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
52,801

 
38,689

 
3,982

 
95,472

Total allowance for credit losses
$
495,766

 
$
226,629

 
$
48,984

 
$
771,379


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Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
469,213

 
$
216,012

 
$
61,066

 
$
746,291

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(18,314
)
 
(23,163
)
 
(13,549
)
 
(55,026
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(1,165
)
 

 
(96
)
 
(1,261
)
Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(25,819
)
 
(10,815
)
 
(7,561
)
 
(44,195
)
Recoveries
19,050

 
5,906

 
5,142

 
30,098

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(6,769
)
 
(4,909
)
 
(2,419
)
 
(14,097
)
Balance at end of period
$
442,965

 
$
187,940

 
$
45,002

 
$
675,907

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
48,345

 
$
37,485

 
$
3,875

 
$
89,705

Provision charged to earnings
4,456

 
1,204

 
107

 
5,767

Balance at end of period
$
52,801

 
$
38,689

 
$
3,982

 
$
95,472

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
442,965

 
$
187,940

 
$
45,002

 
$
675,907

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
52,801

 
38,689

 
3,982

 
95,472

Total allowance for credit losses
$
495,766

 
$
226,629

 
$
48,984

 
$
771,379

The ALLL and outstanding loan balances according to the Company’s impairment method are summarized as follows:
 
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
37,037

 
$
3,329

 
$
10,382

 
$
50,748

Collectively evaluated for impairment
400,472

 
122,295

 
34,721

 
557,488

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
261

 
172

 
706

 
1,139

Total
$
437,770

 
$
125,796

 
$
45,809

 
$
609,375

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
275,607

 
$
133,839

 
$
90,220

 
$
499,666

Collectively evaluated for impairment
21,034,441

 
9,915,236

 
8,422,221

 
39,371,898

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
68,618

 
70,926

 
12,876

 
152,420

Total
$
21,378,666

 
$
10,120,001

 
$
8,525,317

 
$
40,023,984


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December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
28,627

 
$
4,027

 
$
9,059

 
$
41,713

Collectively evaluated for impairment
382,552

 
140,090

 
37,508

 
560,150

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
1,335

 
892

 
573

 
2,800

Total
$
412,514

 
$
145,009

 
$
47,140

 
$
604,663

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
259,207

 
$
167,435

 
$
95,267

 
$
521,909

Collectively evaluated for impairment
21,105,217

 
9,861,862

 
8,395,371

 
39,362,450

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
79,940

 
83,711

 
15,648

 
179,299

Total
$
21,444,364

 
$
10,113,008

 
$
8,506,286

 
$
40,063,658

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when payment in full of principal and interest is not expected, or the loan is 90 days or more past due as to principal or interest, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Factors we consider in determining whether a loan is placed on nonaccrual include delinquency status, collateral value, borrower or guarantor financial statement information, bankruptcy status, and other information which would indicate that the full and timely collection of interest and principal is uncertain.
A nonaccrual loan may be returned to accrual status when all delinquent interest and principal become current in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement; the loan, if secured, is well secured; the borrower has paid according to the contractual terms for a minimum of six months; and analysis of the borrower indicates a reasonable assurance of the ability and willingness to maintain payments. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding.
Closed-end loans with payments scheduled monthly are reported as past due when the borrower is in arrears for two or more monthly payments. Similarly, open-end credit such as charge-card plans and other revolving credit plans are reported as past due when the minimum payment has not been made for two or more billing cycles. Other multi-payment obligations (i.e., quarterly, semiannual, etc.), single payment, and demand notes are reported as past due when either principal or interest is due and unpaid for a period of 30 days or more.
Nonaccrual loans are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
Commercial:
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
164,700

 
$
105,591

Leasing
173

 
295

Owner occupied
89,356

 
87,243

Municipal
992

 
1,056

Total commercial
255,221

 
194,185

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
Construction and land development
20,184

 
23,880

Term
43,465

 
25,107

Total commercial real estate
63,649

 
48,987

Consumer:
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
9,057

 
11,430

1-4 family residential
42,905

 
49,861

Construction and other consumer real estate
1,129

 
1,735

Bankcard and other revolving plans
599

 
196

Other
270

 
254

Total consumer loans
53,960

 
63,476

Total
$
372,830

 
$
306,648


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Past due loans (accruing and nonaccruing) are summarized as follows:
 
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Current
 
30-89 days
past due
 
90+ days
past due
 
Total
past due
 
Total
loans
 
Accruing
loans
90+ days
past due
 
Nonaccrual
loans
that are
current 1
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,007,655

 
$
64,040

 
$
39,230

 
$
103,270

 
$
13,110,925

 
$
2,221

 
$
117,874

Leasing
401,490

 
30

 
28

 
58

 
401,548

 

 
123

Owner occupied
7,207,298

 
24,480

 
45,430

 
69,910

 
7,277,208

 
5,233

 
44,423

Municipal
588,985

 

 

 

 
588,985

 

 
992

Total commercial
21,205,428

 
88,550

 
84,688

 
173,238

 
21,378,666

 
7,454

 
163,412

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,046,961

 
5,172

 
9,583

 
14,755

 
2,061,716

 
220

 
10,821

Term
8,015,187

 
11,522

 
31,576

 
43,098

 
8,058,285

 
17,830

 
29,597

Total commercial real estate
10,062,148

 
16,694

 
41,159

 
57,853

 
10,120,001

 
18,050

 
40,418

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,338,099

 
4,318

 
5,910

 
10,228

 
2,348,327

 

 
2,149

1-4 family residential
5,161,636

 
11,789

 
20,038

 
31,827

 
5,193,463

 
744

 
19,351

Construction and other consumer real estate
349,205

 
21,743

 
674

 
22,417

 
371,622

 
135

 
590

Bankcard and other revolving plans
407,057

 
1,382

 
1,032

 
2,414

 
409,471

 
680

 
192

Other
201,538

 
519

 
377

 
896

 
202,434

 
141

 
4

Total consumer loans
8,457,535

 
39,751

 
28,031

 
67,782

 
8,525,317

 
1,700

 
22,286

Total
$
39,725,111

 
$
144,995

 
$
153,878

 
$
298,873

 
$
40,023,984

 
$
27,204

 
$
226,116

 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Current
 
30-89 days
past due
 
90+ days
past due
 
Total
past due
 
Total
loans
 
Accruing
loans
90+ days
past due
 
Nonaccrual
loans
that are
current 1
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,092,731

 
$
28,295

 
$
41,929

 
$
70,224

 
$
13,162,955

 
$
4,677

 
$
64,385

Leasing
408,724

 
225

 
25

 
250

 
408,974

 

 
270

Owner occupied
7,275,842

 
29,182

 
46,524

 
75,706

 
7,351,548

 
3,334

 
39,649

Municipal
520,887

 

 

 

 
520,887

 

 
1,056

Total commercial
21,298,184

 
57,702

 
88,478

 
146,180

 
21,444,364

 
8,011

 
105,360

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
1,972,206

 
2,711

 
11,491

 
14,202

 
1,986,408

 
92

 
12,481

Term
8,082,940

 
14,415

 
29,245

 
43,660

 
8,126,600

 
19,700

 
13,787

Total commercial real estate
10,055,146

 
17,126

 
40,736

 
57,862

 
10,113,008

 
19,792

 
26,268

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,309,967

 
4,503

 
6,680

 
11,183

 
2,321,150

 
1

 
1,779

1-4 family residential
5,163,610

 
12,416

 
24,856

 
37,272

 
5,200,882

 
318

 
20,599

Construction and other consumer real estate
359,723

 
9,675

 
1,144

 
10,819

 
370,542

 
160

 
608

Bankcard and other revolving plans
397,882

 
2,425

 
1,045

 
3,470

 
401,352

 
946

 
80

Other
211,560

 
644

 
156

 
800

 
212,360

 

 
84

Total consumer loans
8,442,742

 
29,663

 
33,881

 
63,544

 
8,506,286

 
1,425

 
23,150

Total
$
39,796,072

 
$
104,491

 
$
163,095

 
$
267,586

 
$
40,063,658

 
$
29,228

 
$
154,778

1 
Represents nonaccrual loans that are not past due more than 30 days; however, full payment of principal and interest is still not expected.

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Credit Quality Indicators
In addition to the past due and nonaccrual criteria, we also analyze loans using loan risk grading systems, which vary based on the size and type of credit risk exposure. The internal risk grades assigned to loans follow our definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful, which are consistent with published definitions of regulatory risk classifications.

Definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful are summarized as follows:
Pass – A Pass asset is higher quality and does not fit any of the other categories described below. The likelihood of loss is considered remote.
Special Mention A Special Mention asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the bank’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard – A Substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified have well-defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank may sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful – A Doubtful asset has all the weaknesses inherent in a Substandard asset with the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.

We generally assign internal risk grades to commercial and CRE loans with commitments equal to or greater than $750,000 based on financial and statistical models, individual credit analysis, and loan officer judgment. For these larger loans, we assign one of multiple grades within the Pass classification or one of the following four grades: Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Loss indicates that the outstanding balance has been charged off. We confirm our internal risk grades quarterly, or as soon as we identify information that affects the credit risk of the loan.

For consumer loans or certain small commercial loans with commitments equal to or less than $750,000, we generally assign internal risk grades similar to those described previously based on automated rules that depend on refreshed credit scores, payment performance, and other risk indicators. These are generally assigned either a Pass or Substandard grade and are reviewed as we identify information that might warrant a grade change.


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Outstanding loan balances (accruing and nonaccruing) categorized by these credit quality indicators are summarized as follows:
 
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Pass
 
Special
Mention
 
Sub-
standard
 
Doubtful
 
Total
loans
 
Total
allowance
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
12,092,525

 
$
339,180

 
$
666,689

 
$
12,531

 
$
13,110,925

 
 
Leasing
375,930

 
15,125

 
10,493

 

 
401,548

 
 
Owner occupied
6,857,103

 
111,000

 
306,661

 
2,444

 
7,277,208

 
 
Municipal
586,772

 
1,221

 
992

 

 
588,985

 
 
Total commercial
19,912,330

 
466,526

 
984,835

 
14,975

 
21,378,666

 
$
437,770

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,007,268

 
16,682

 
37,766

 

 
2,061,716

 
 
Term
7,815,257

 
57,254

 
182,288

 
3,486

 
8,058,285

 
 
Total commercial real estate
9,822,525

 
73,936

 
220,054

 
3,486

 
10,120,001

 
125,796

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,333,974

 

 
14,353

 

 
2,348,327

 
 
1-4 family residential
5,142,602

 

 
50,861

 

 
5,193,463

 
 
Construction and other consumer real estate
369,600

 

 
2,022

 

 
371,622

 
 
Bankcard and other revolving plans
407,649

 

 
1,822

 

 
409,471

 
 
Other
201,862

 

 
572

 

 
202,434

 
 
Total consumer loans
8,455,687

 

 
69,630

 

 
8,525,317

 
45,809

Total
$
38,190,542

 
$
540,462

 
$
1,274,519

 
$
18,461

 
$
40,023,984

 
$
609,375

 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Pass
 
Special
Mention
 
Sub-
standard
 
Doubtful
 
Total
loans
 
Total
allowance
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
12,515,846

 
$
209,215

 
$
426,002

 
$
11,892

 
$
13,162,955

 
 
Leasing
399,032

 
4,868

 
5,074

 

 
408,974

 
 
Owner occupied
6,844,310

 
168,423

 
338,815

 

 
7,351,548

 
 
Municipal
518,513

 
1,318

 
1,056

 

 
520,887

 
 
Total commercial
20,277,701

 
383,824

 
770,947

 
11,892

 
21,444,364

 
$
412,514

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
1,925,685

 
8,464

 
52,259

 

 
1,986,408

 
 
Term
7,802,571

 
96,347

 
223,324

 
4,358

 
8,126,600

 
 
Total commercial real estate
9,728,256

 
104,811

 
275,583

 
4,358

 
10,113,008

 
145,009

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,304,352

 

 
16,798

 

 
2,321,150

 
 
1-4 family residential
5,138,660

 

 
62,222

 

 
5,200,882

 
 
Construction and other consumer real estate
367,932

 

 
2,610

 

 
370,542

 
 
Bankcard and other revolving plans
399,446

 

 
1,906

 

 
401,352

 
 
Other
211,811

 

 
549

 

 
212,360

 
 
Total consumer loans
8,422,201

 

 
84,085

 

 
8,506,286

 
47,140

Total
$
38,428,158

 
$
488,635

 
$
1,130,615

 
$
16,250

 
$
40,063,658

 
$
604,663


Impaired Loans
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. For our non-purchased credit-impaired loans, if a nonaccrual loan has a balance greater than $1 million, or if a loan is a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), including TDRs that subsequently default, or if the loan is no longer reported as a TDR, we individually evaluate the loan for impairment and estimate a specific

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reserve for the loan for all portfolio segments under applicable accounting guidance. Smaller nonaccrual loans are pooled for ALLL estimation purposes. PCI loans are included in impaired loans and are accounted for under separate accounting guidance. See subsequent discussion under Purchased Loans.

When a loan is impaired, we estimate a specific reserve for the loan based on the projected present value of the loan’s future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the loan’s underlying collateral. The process of estimating future cash flows also incorporates the same determining factors discussed previously under nonaccrual loans. When we base the impairment amount on the fair value of the loan’s underlying collateral, we generally charge off the portion of the balance that is impaired, such that these loans do not have a specific reserve in the ALLL. Payments received on impaired loans that are accruing are recognized in interest income, according to the contractual loan agreement. Payments received on impaired loans that are on nonaccrual are not recognized in interest income, but are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding. The amount of interest income recognized on a cash basis during the time the loans were impaired within the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was not significant.

Information on impaired loans individually evaluated is summarized as follows at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, including the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014:

 
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)

Unpaid
principal
balance
 
Recorded investment
 
Total
recorded
investment
 
Related
allowance
with no
allowance
 
with
allowance
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
212,734

 
$
39,539

 
$
142,328

 
$
181,867

 
$
31,670

Owner occupied
164,116

 
89,799

 
53,931

 
143,730

 
4,804

Municipal
1,471

 
992

 

 
992

 

Total commercial
378,321

 
130,330

 
196,259

 
326,589

 
36,474

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
50,251

 
9,300

 
24,579

 
33,879

 
973

Term
174,299

 
99,624

 
46,443

 
146,067

 
2,127

Total commercial real estate
224,550

 
108,924

 
71,022

 
179,946

 
3,100

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
29,015

 
15,390

 
10,361

 
25,751

 
497

1-4 family residential
81,050

 
28,841

 
39,264

 
68,105

 
9,732

Construction and other consumer real estate
3,232

 
1,216

 
1,123

 
2,339

 
190

Other
4,673

 

 
3,751

 
3,751

 
173

Total consumer loans
117,970

 
45,447

 
54,499

 
99,946

 
10,592

Total
$
720,841

 
$
284,701

 
$
321,780

 
$
606,481

 
$
50,166



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December 31, 2014
(In thousands)

Unpaid
principal
balance
 
Recorded investment
 
Total
recorded
investment
 
Related
allowance
with no
allowance
 
with
allowance
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
185,520

 
$
43,257

 
$
103,565

 
$
146,822

 
$
22,852

Owner occupied
198,231

 
83,179

 
86,382

 
169,561

 
6,087

Municipal
1,535

 
1,056

 

 
1,056

 

Total commercial
385,286

 
127,492

 
189,947

 
317,439

 
28,939

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
60,993

 
16,500

 
26,977

 
43,477

 
1,773

Term
203,788

 
96,351

 
63,740

 
160,091

 
2,345

Total commercial real estate
264,781

 
112,851

 
90,717

 
203,568

 
4,118

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
30,209

 
14,798

 
11,883

 
26,681

 
437

1-4 family residential
86,575

 
37,096

 
35,831

 
72,927

 
8,494

Construction and other consumer real estate
3,902

 
1,449

 
1,410

 
2,859

 
233

Other
6,580

 

 
5,254

 
5,254

 
133

Total consumer loans
127,266

 
53,343

 
54,378

 
107,721

 
9,297

Total
$
777,333

 
$
293,686

 
$
335,042

 
$
628,728

 
$
42,354


 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)

Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
 
Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
174,911

 
$
2,831

 
$
155,584

 
$
4,255

Owner occupied
144,613

 
3,186

 
142,817

 
6,970

Municipal
1,008

 

 
1,021

 

Total commercial
320,532

 
6,017

 
299,422

 
11,225

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
35,562

 
1,628

 
36,215

 
2,177

Term
144,054

 
5,063

 
142,439

 
10,038

Total commercial real estate
179,616

 
6,691

 
178,654

 
12,215

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
25,400

 
416

 
24,948

 
821

1-4 family residential
69,874

 
534

 
68,464

 
1,041

Construction and other consumer real estate
2,497

 
22

 
2,529

 
64

Bankcard and other revolving plans

 
1

 
1

 
100

Other
4,176

 
230

 
4,463

 
516

Total consumer loans
101,947

 
1,203

 
100,405


2,542

Total
$
602,095

 
$
13,911

 
$
578,481

 
$
25,982


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Three Months Ended
June 30, 2014
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2014
(In thousands)

Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
 
Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
194,683

 
$
4,212

 
$
188,136

 
$
6,802

Owner occupied
232,662

 
4,532

 
236,250

 
9,286

Municipal
9,270

 

 
9,615

 

Total commercial
436,615

 
8,744

 
434,001

 
16,088

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
61,957

 
1,394

 
64,265

 
4,932

Term
245,827

 
6,618

 
260,749

 
20,568

Total commercial real estate
307,784

 
8,012

 
325,014

 
25,500

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
25,854

 
372

 
25,470

 
774

1-4 family residential
82,353

 
512

 
81,909

 
1,052

Construction and other consumer real estate
3,164

 
36

 
3,166

 
74

Bankcard and other revolving plans

 
1

 
5

 
1

Other
7,314

 
421

 
7,854

 
930

Total consumer loans
118,685

 
1,342

 
118,404

 
2,831

Total
$
863,084

 
$
18,098

 
$
877,419

 
$
44,419


Modified and Restructured Loans
Loans may be modified in the normal course of business for competitive reasons or to strengthen the Company’s position. Loan modifications and restructurings may also occur when the borrower experiences financial difficulty and needs temporary or permanent relief from the original contractual terms of the loan. These modifications are structured on a loan-by-loan basis and, depending on the circumstances, may include extended payment terms, a modified interest rate, forgiveness of principal, or other concessions. Loans that have been modified to accommodate a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties, and for which the Company has granted a concession that it would not otherwise consider, are considered TDRs.

We consider many factors in determining whether to agree to a loan modification involving concessions, and seek a solution that will both minimize potential loss to the Company and attempt to help the borrower. We evaluate borrowers’ current and forecasted future cash flows, their ability and willingness to make current contractual or proposed modified payments, the value of the underlying collateral (if applicable), the possibility of obtaining additional security or guarantees, and the potential costs related to a repossession or foreclosure and the subsequent sale of the collateral.

TDRs are classified as either accrual or nonaccrual loans. A loan on nonaccrual and restructured as a TDR will remain on nonaccrual status until the borrower has proven the ability to perform under the modified structure for a minimum of six months, and there is evidence that such payments can and are likely to continue as agreed. Performance prior to the restructuring, or significant events that coincide with the restructuring, are included in assessing whether the borrower can meet the new terms and may result in the loan being returned to accrual at the time of restructuring or after a shorter performance period. If the borrower’s ability to meet the revised payment schedule is uncertain, the loan remains classified as a nonaccrual loan. A TDR loan that specifies an interest rate that at the time of the restructuring is greater than or equal to the rate the bank is willing to accept for a new loan with comparable risk may not be reported as a TDR or an impaired loan in the calendar years subsequent to the restructuring if it is in compliance with its modified terms.


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Selected information on TDRs that includes the recorded investment on an accruing and nonaccruing basis by loan class and modification type is summarized in the following schedules:
 
 
June 30, 2015
 
Recorded investment resulting from the following modification types:
 
 
(In thousands)

Interest
rate below
market
 
Maturity
or term
extension
 
Principal
forgiveness
 
Payment
deferral
 
Other1
 
Multiple
modification
types2
 
Total
Accruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
1,819

 
$
3,654

 
$
16

 
$
115

 
$
213

 
$
21,388

 
$
27,205

Owner occupied
2,064

 
1,306

 
945

 

 
8,623

 
17,705

 
30,643

Total commercial
3,883

 
4,960

 
961

 
115

 
8,836

 
39,093

 
57,848

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 
494

 
13,378

 
13,872

Term
7,142

 
896

 
173

 
974

 
2,277

 
30,129

 
41,591

Total commercial real estate
7,142

 
896

 
173

 
974

 
2,771

 
43,507

 
55,463

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
741

 
833

 
10,539

 

 
265

 
2,038

 
14,416

1-4 family residential
2,507

 
362

 
7,205

 
439

 
3,214

 
36,710

 
50,437

Construction and other consumer real estate
279

 
496

 
36

 

 

 
1,171

 
1,982

Total consumer loans
3,527

 
1,691


17,780


439


3,479


39,919

 
66,835

Total accruing
14,552

 
7,547

 
18,914

 
1,528

 
15,086

 
122,519

 
180,146

Nonaccruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
159

 
467

 

 
3,616

 
6,782

 
37,336

 
48,360

Owner occupied
2,274

 
1,105

 

 
5,870

 
119

 
11,393

 
20,761

Municipal

 
992

 

 

 

 

 
992

Total commercial
2,433

 
2,564

 

 
9,486

 
6,901

 
48,729

 
70,113

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
10,706

 
62

 

 

 
3,229

 
3,708

 
17,705

Term
2,710

 

 
845

 
2,142

 
2,938

 
10,107

 
18,742

Total commercial real estate
13,416

 
62

 
845

 
2,142

 
6,167

 
13,815

 
36,447

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
10

 
528

 
669

 
61

 

 
48

 
1,316

1-4 family residential
8

 
280

 
1,897

 
180

 
1,040

 
6,785

 
10,190

Construction and other consumer real estate

 
147

 

 
67

 

 
78

 
292

Total consumer loans
18

 
955

 
2,566

 
308

 
1,040

 
6,911

 
11,798

Total nonaccruing
15,867

 
3,581

 
3,411

 
11,936

 
14,108

 
69,455

 
118,358

Total
$
30,419

 
$
11,128

 
$
22,325

 
$
13,464

 
$
29,194

 
$
191,974

 
$
298,504

 

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December 31, 2014
 
Recorded investment resulting from the following modification types:
 
 
(In thousands)

Interest
rate below
market
 
Maturity
or term
extension
 
Principal
forgiveness
 
Payment
deferral
 
Other1
 
Multiple
modification
types2
 
Total
Accruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
2,611

 
$
6,509

 
$
18

 
$
3,203

 
$
3,855

 
$
34,585

 
$
50,781

Owner occupied
19,981

 
1,124

 
960

 
1,251

 
10,960

 
17,505

 
51,781

Total commercial
22,592

 
7,633

 
978

 
4,454

 
14,815

 
52,090

 
102,562

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 
521

 
19,854

 
20,375

Term
7,328

 
9,027

 
179

 
3,153

 
2,546

 
39,007

 
61,240

Total commercial real estate
7,328

 
9,027

 
179

 
3,153

 
3,067

 
58,861

 
81,615

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
742

 
70

 
11,320

 

 
166

 
1,281

 
13,579

1-4 family residential
2,425

 
552

 
6,828

 
446

 
753

 
34,719

 
45,723

Construction and other consumer real estate
290

 
422

 
42

 
90

 

 
1,227

 
2,071

Total consumer loans
3,457

 
1,044

 
18,190

 
536

 
919

 
37,227

 
61,373

Total accruing
33,377

 
17,704

 
19,347

 
8,143

 
18,801

 
148,178

 
245,550

Nonaccruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
442

 
576

 

 
611

 
5,199

 
20,410

 
27,238

Owner occupied
2,714

 
1,219

 

 
883

 
2,852

 
12,040

 
19,708

Municipal

 
1,056

 

 

 

 

 
1,056

Total commercial
3,156

 
2,851

 

 
1,494

 
8,051

 
32,450

 
48,002

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
11,080

 
68

 

 
93

 
3,300

 
6,427

 
20,968

Term
2,851

 

 

 

 
277

 
4,607

 
7,735

Total commercial real estate
13,931

 
68

 

 
93

 
3,577

 
11,034

 
28,703

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 

 
420

 
203

 

 
399

 
1,022

1-4 family residential
3,378

 
1,029

 
1,951

 
191

 
3,527

 
9,413

 
19,489

Construction and other consumer real estate

 
463

 

 

 

 
100

 
563

Total consumer loans
3,378

 
1,492

 
2,371

 
394

 
3,527

 
9,912

 
21,074

Total nonaccruing
20,465

 
4,411

 
2,371

 
1,981

 
15,155

 
53,396

 
97,779

Total
$
53,842

 
$
22,115

 
$
21,718

 
$
10,124

 
$
33,956

 
$
201,574

 
$
343,329

1 
Includes TDRs that resulted from other modification types including, but not limited to, a legal judgment awarded on different terms, a bankruptcy plan confirmed on different terms, a settlement that includes the delivery of collateral in exchange for debt reduction, etc.
2 
Includes TDRs that resulted from a combination of any of the previous modification types.
Unfunded lending commitments on TDRs amounted to approximately $3.7 million at June 30, 2015 and $6.1 million at December 31, 2014.

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The total recorded investment of all TDRs in which interest rates were modified below market was $184.7 million at June 30, 2015 and $219.3 million at December 31, 2014. These loans are included in the previous schedule in the columns for interest rate below market and multiple modification types.
The net financial impact on interest income due to interest rate modifications below market for accruing TDRs is summarized in the following schedule:
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
(In thousands)
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
(64
)
 
$
(7
)
 
$
(119
)
 
$
20

Owner occupied
(72
)
 
(133
)
 
(184
)
 
(276
)
Total commercial
(136
)
 
(140
)
 
(303
)
 
(256
)
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
(26
)
 
(51
)
 
(63
)
 
(106
)
Term
(103
)
 
(137
)
 
(212
)
 
(285
)
Total commercial real estate
(129
)
 
(188
)
 
(275
)
 
(391
)
Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 
(2
)
 
(1
)
 
(4
)
1-4 family residential
(267
)
 
(287
)
 
(538
)
 
(587
)
Construction and other consumer real estate
(7
)
 
(8
)
 
(14
)
 
(17
)
Total consumer loans
(274
)
 
(297
)
 
(553
)
 
(608
)
Total decrease to interest income1
$
(539
)
 
$
(625
)
 
$
(1,131
)
 
$
(1,255
)
1 
Calculated based on the difference between the modified rate and the premodified rate applied to the recorded investment.
On an ongoing basis, we monitor the performance of all TDRs according to their restructured terms. Subsequent payment default is defined in terms of delinquency, when principal or interest payments are past due 90 days or more for commercial loans, or 60 days or more for consumer loans.
The recorded investment of accruing and nonaccruing TDRs that had a payment default during the period listed below (and are still in default at period end) and are within 12 months or less of being modified as TDRs is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$

 
$
135

 
$
135

 
$

 
$
135

 
$
135

Owner occupied

 
1,098

 
1,098

 

 
2,057

 
2,057

Total commercial

 
1,233

 
1,233

 

 
2,192

 
2,192

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 

 

Term

 
846

 
846

 

 
846

 
846

Total commercial real estate

 
846

 
846

 

 
846

 
846

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 

 

 

 

 

1-4 family residential

 
107

 
107

 

 
107

 
107

Construction and other consumer real estate

 

 

 

 

 

Total consumer loans

 
107

 
107

 

 
107

 
107

Total
$

 
$
2,186

 
$
2,186

 
$

 
$
3,145

 
$
3,145


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Three Months Ended
June 30, 2014
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$

 
$
284

 
$
284

 
$

 
$
284

 
$
284

Owner occupied

 
421

 
421

 

 
421

 
421

Total commercial

 
705

 
705

 

 
705

 
705

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

Total commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 

 

 

 
217

 
217

1-4 family residential
10

 
39

 
49

 
10

 
39

 
49

Construction and other consumer real estate

 
83

 
83

 

 
83

 
83

Total consumer loans
10

 
122

 
132

 
10

 
339

 
349

Total
$
10

 
$
827

 
$
837

 
$
10

 
$
1,044

 
$
1,054

Note: Total loans modified as TDRs during the 12 months previous to June 30, 2015 and 2014 were $88.7 million and $141.3 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2015, the amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the Company was approximately $1.4 million, and the recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure was approximately $10.1 million.

Concentrations of Credit Risk
Credit risk is the possibility of loss from the failure of a borrower, guarantor, or another obligor to fully perform under the terms of a credit-related contract. Credit risks (whether on- or off-balance sheet) may occur when individual borrowers, groups of borrowers, or counterparties have similar economic characteristics, including industries, geographies, collateral types, sponsors, etc., and are similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions. Credit risk also includes the loss that would be recognized subsequent to the reporting date if counterparties failed to perform as contracted. See Note 7 for a discussion of counterparty risk associated with the Company’s derivative transactions.

We perform an ongoing analysis of our loan portfolio to evaluate whether there is any significant exposure to any concentrations of credit risk. Based on this analysis, we believe that the loan portfolio is generally well diversified; however, there are certain significant concentrations in CRE and energy-related lending. Further, we cannot guarantee that we have fully understood or mitigated all risk concentrations or correlated risks. We have adopted and adhere to concentration limits on various types of CRE lending, particularly construction and land development lending, leveraged and enterprise value lending, municipal lending, and energy-related lending. All of these limits are continually monitored and revised as necessary.

Purchased Loans
Background and Accounting
We purchase loans in the ordinary course of business and account for them and the related interest income based on their performing status at the time of acquisition. PCI loans have evidence of credit deterioration at the time of acquisition and it is probable that not all contractual payments will be collected. Interest income for PCI loans is accounted for on an expected cash flow basis. Certain other loans acquired by the Company that are not credit-impaired include loans with revolving privileges and are excluded from the PCI tabular disclosures following. Interest income for these loans is accounted for on a contractual cash flow basis. Upon acquisition, in accordance

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with applicable accounting guidance, the acquired loans were recorded at their fair value without a corresponding ALLL. Certain acquired loans with similar characteristics such as risk exposure, type, size, etc., are grouped and accounted for in loan pools.

Outstanding Balances and Accretable Yield
The outstanding balances of all required payments and the related carrying amounts for PCI loans are as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
84,120

 
$
104,942

Commercial real estate
98,170

 
118,217

Consumer
14,579

 
17,910

Outstanding balance
$
196,869

 
$
241,069

 
 
 
 
Carrying amount
$
152,420

 
$
179,299

Less ALLL
1,139

 
2,800

Carrying amount, net
$
151,281

 
$
176,499

At the time of acquisition of PCI loans, we determine the loan’s contractually required payments in excess of all cash flows expected to be collected as an amount that should not be accreted (nonaccretable difference). With respect to the cash flows expected to be collected, the portion representing the excess of the loan’s expected cash flows over our initial investment (accretable yield) is accreted into interest income on a level yield basis over the remaining expected life of the loan or pool of loans. The effects of estimated prepayments are considered in estimating the expected cash flows.

Certain PCI loans are not accounted for as previously described because the estimation of cash flows to be collected involves a high degree of uncertainty. Under these circumstances, the accounting guidance provides that interest income is recognized on a cash basis similar to the cost recovery methodology for nonaccrual loans. The net carrying amounts in the preceding schedule also include the amounts for these loans, which were $2.4 million at June 30, 2015 and $5.3 million at December 31, 2014.
Changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans were as follows: 
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
50,931

 
$
65,765

 
$
45,055

 
$
77,528

Accretion
(11,674
)
 
(14,181
)
 
(21,257
)
 
(36,488
)
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference
4,579

 
5,531

 
17,860

 
14,451

Disposals and other
2,866

 
3,719

 
5,044

 
5,343

Balance at end of period
$
46,702

 
$
60,834

 
$
46,702

 
$
60,834

Note: Amounts have been adjusted based on refinements to the original estimates of the accretable yield.
The primary drivers of reclassification to accretable yield from nonaccretable difference and increases in disposals and other resulted primarily from (1) changes in estimated cash flows, (2) unexpected payments on nonaccrual loans, and (3) recoveries on zero balance loans pools. See subsequent discussion under changes in cash flow estimates.

ALLL Determination
For all acquired loans, the ALLL is only established for credit deterioration subsequent to the date of acquisition and represents our estimate of the inherent losses in excess of the book value of acquired loans. The ALLL for acquired loans is included in the overall ALLL in the balance sheet.

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During the three and six months ended June 30, we adjusted the ALLL for acquired loans by recording a provision for loan losses of $0.3 million and $(0.5) million in 2015, and $0.2 million and $(2.5) million in 2014, respectively. The provision is net of the ALLL reversals discussed subsequently.

Changes in the provision for loan losses and related ALLL are driven in large part by the same factors that affect the changes in reclassification from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield, as discussed under changes in cash flow estimates.

Changes in Cash Flow Estimates
Over the life of the loan or loan pool, we continue to estimate cash flows expected to be collected. We evaluate quarterly at the balance sheet date whether the estimated present values of these loans using the effective interest rates have decreased below their carrying values. If so, we record a provision for loan losses.

For increases in carrying values that resulted from better-than-expected cash flows, we use such increases first to reverse any existing ALLL. During the three and six months ended June 30, total reversals to the ALLL, including the impact of increases in estimated cash flows, were $1.1 million and $2.5 million in 2015 and $0.7 million and $3.6 million in 2014, respectively. When there is no current ALLL, we increase the amount of accretable yield on a prospective basis over the remaining life of the loan and recognize this increase in interest income.

For the three and six months ended June 30, the impact of increased cash flow estimates recognized in the statement of income for acquired loans with no ALLL was approximately $9.3 million and $16.7 million in 2015 and $11.7 million and $30.2 million in 2014, respectively, of additional interest income.

7.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Objectives
Our objectives in using derivatives are to add stability to interest income or expense, to modify the duration of specific assets or liabilities as we consider advisable, to manage exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks, and/or to directly offset derivatives sold to our customers. To accomplish these objectives, we use interest rate swaps as part of our cash flow hedging strategy. These derivatives are used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with designated commercial loans.

Interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of fixed-rate amounts in exchange for variable rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying principal amount. Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges, including basis swap agreements, are not speculative and are used to economically manage our exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks, but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements.

Accounting
We record all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Note 10 discusses the process to estimate fair value for derivatives. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges.
For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item. The net amount, if any, representing hedge ineffectiveness, is reflected in earnings. In previous years, we used fair value hedges to manage interest rate exposure to certain long-term debt. These hedges have been terminated and their remaining balances are being amortized into earnings, as discussed subsequently.

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For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in OCI and recognized in earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges is recognized directly in earnings.
No derivatives have been designated for hedges of investments in foreign operations.
We assess the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows on the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows on the designated hedged item or transaction. For derivatives not designated as accounting hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.
The remaining balances of any derivative instruments terminated prior to maturity, including amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) for swap hedges, are accreted or amortized to interest income or expense over the period to their previously stated maturity dates.
Amounts in AOCI are reclassified to interest income as interest is earned on variable rate loans and as amounts for terminated hedges are accreted or amortized to earnings. For the 12 months following June 30, 2015, we estimate that an additional $8.7 million will be reclassified.

Collateral and Credit Risk
Exposure to credit risk arises from the possibility of nonperformance by counterparties. Financial institutions which are well capitalized and well established are the counterparties for those derivatives entered into for asset liability management and to offset derivatives sold to our customers. The Company reduces its counterparty exposure for derivative contracts by centrally clearing all eligible derivatives.
For those derivatives that are not centrally cleared, the counterparties are typically financial institutions or customers of the Company. For those that are financial institutions, we manage our credit exposure through the use of a Credit Support Annex (“CSA”) to International Swaps and Derivative Association (“ISDA”) master agreements. Eligible collateral types are documented by the CSA and are controlled under the Company’s general credit policies and are typically monitored on a daily basis. A valuation haircut policy reflects the fact that collateral may fall in value between the date the collateral is called and the date of liquidation or enforcement. In practice, all of the Company’s collateral held as credit risk mitigation under a CSA is cash.
We offer interest rate swaps to our customers to assist them in managing their exposure to changing interest rates. Upon issuance, all of these customer swaps are immediately offset through matching derivative contracts, such that the Company minimizes its interest rate risk exposure resulting from such transactions. Most of these customers do not have the capability for centralized clearing. Therefore we manage the credit risk through loan underwriting which includes a credit risk exposure formula for the swap, the same collateral and guarantee protection applicable to the loan and credit approvals, limits, and monitoring procedures. Fee income from customer swaps is included in other service charges, commissions and fees. No significant losses on derivative instruments have occurred as a result of counterparty nonperformance. Nevertheless, the related credit risk is considered and measured when and where appropriate. See Note 6 for further discussion of our underwriting, collateral requirements, and other procedures used to address credit risk.
Our derivative contracts require us to pledge collateral for derivatives that are in a net liability position at a given balance sheet date. Certain of these derivative contracts contain credit-risk-related contingent features that include the requirement to maintain a minimum debt credit rating. We may be required to pledge additional collateral if a credit-risk-related feature were triggered, such as a downgrade of our credit rating. However, in past situations, not all counterparties have demanded that additional collateral be pledged when provided for under their contracts. At June 30, 2015, the fair value of our derivative liabilities was $60.2 million, for which we were required to pledge cash collateral of approximately $46.3 million in the normal course of business. If our credit rating were downgraded one notch by either Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s at June 30, 2015, the additional amount of collateral we could be required to pledge is approximately $1.7 million. As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, all newly eligible derivatives entered into are cleared through a central clearinghouse. Derivatives that are centrally cleared do not have credit-risk-related features that require additional collateral if our credit rating were downgraded.

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Derivative Amounts
Selected information with respect to notional amounts and recorded gross fair values at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, and the related gain (loss) of derivative instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 is summarized as follows:

 
June 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
Notional
amount
 
Fair value
 
Notional
amount
 
Fair value
(In thousands)
Other
assets
 
Other
liabilities
 
Other
assets
 
Other
liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
737,500

 
$
3,379

 
$
398

 
$
275,000

 
$
1,508

 
$
123

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
737,500

 
3,379

 
398

 
275,000

 
1,508

 
123

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps for customers 2
2,984,909

 
43,968

 
45,598

 
2,770,052

 
48,287

 
50,669

Foreign exchange
315,300

 
16,615

 
14,249

 
443,721

 
16,625

 
15,272

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
3,300,209

 
60,583

 
59,847

 
3,213,773

 
64,912

 
65,941

Total derivatives
$
4,037,709

 
$
63,962

 
$
60,245

 
$
3,488,773

 
$
66,420

 
$
66,064


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Amount of derivative gain (loss) recognized/reclassified
(In thousands)
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income
3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income 3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges 1:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
(424
)
 
$
1,218

 
 
 
 
 
$
3,829

 
$
2,234

 
 
 
 

(424
)
 
1,218

 


 
 
 
3,829

 
2,234

 


 
 
Liability derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Terminated swaps on long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
465

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
933

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
(424
)
 
1,218

 


 
465

 
3,829

 
2,234

 


 
933

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps for customers 2
 
 
 
 
$
3,873

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
4,390

 
 
Futures contracts
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1

 
 
Foreign exchange
 
 
 
 
1,697

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4,432

 
 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
5,570

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8,823

 
 
Total derivatives
$
(424
)
 
$
1,218

 
$
5,570

 
$
465

 
$
3,829

 
$
2,234

 
$
8,823

 
$
933


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Three Months Ended June 30, 2014
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
 
Amount of derivative gain (loss) recognized/reclassified
(In thousands)
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income
3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income 3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges 1:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
1,988

 
$
577

 
 
 
 
 
$
2,526

 
$
928

 
 
 
 
 
1,988

 
577

 


 
 
 
2,526

 
928

 


 
 
Liability derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Terminated swaps on long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
608

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,326

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
1,988

 
577

 


 
608

 
2,526

 
928

 


 
1,326

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
$
348

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
354

 
 
Interest rate swaps for customers 2
 
 
 
 
(377
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(926
)
 
 
Foreign exchange
 
 
 
 
1,998

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,709

 
 
Total return swap
 
 
 
 
(467
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7,894
)
 
 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
1,502

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4,757
)
 
 
Total derivatives
$
1,988

 
$
577

 
$
1,502

 
$
608

 
$
2,526

 
$
928

 
$
(4,757
)
 
$
1,326


Note: These schedules are not intended to present at any given time the Company’s long/short position with respect to its derivative contracts.
1 
Amounts recognized in OCI and reclassified from AOCI represent the effective portion of the derivative gain.
2 
Notional amounts include both the customer swaps and the offsetting derivative contracts.
3 
Amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, of $1.2 million and $2.2 million in 2015, and $0.6 million and $0.9 million in 2014, respectively, are the amounts of reclassification to earnings from AOCI presented in Note 8.

At June 30, the fair values of derivative assets and liabilities were reduced by net credit valuation adjustments of $1.7 million and $0.1 million in 2015, and $1.9 million and $0.5 million in 2014, respectively. These adjustments are required to reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk.

8.
DEBT AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Long-term debt is summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
Junior subordinated debentures related to trust preferred securities
$
164,950

 
$
168,043

Convertible subordinated notes
143,964

 
132,838

Subordinated notes
334,888

 
335,798

Senior notes
406,149

 
432,385

FHLB advances

 
22,156

Capital lease obligations
987

 
1,062

Total
$
1,050,938

 
$
1,092,282

The preceding carrying values represent the par value of the debt adjusted for any unamortized premium or discount or other basis adjustments, including the value of associated hedges.


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Maturities of long-term debt in 2015 include the following:
 
 
Coupon
rate
 
Carrying value
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
June 30, 2015
 
Maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Convertible subordinated note
 
6.00%
 
$
76,523

 
September 15, 2015
Subordinated note
 
6.00%
 
32,520

 
September 15, 2015
Convertible subordinated note
 
5.50%
 
67,441

 
November 16, 2015
Subordinated note
 
5.50%
 
52,477

 
November 16, 2015
 
 
 
 
$
228,961

 
 

Debt Redemptions
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we redeemed $19 million and $27 million of long-term senior notes. During the three months ended June 30, 2015, we redeemed $3.1 million of trust preferred securities and the entire $22 million of FHLB advances; the FHLB redemption resulted in debt extinguishment cost of $2.4 million.
Basel III Capital Framework
Effective January 1, 2015, we adopted the new Basel III capital framework that was issued by the Federal Reserve for U.S. banking organizations. We adopted the new capital rules on a 2015 phase-in basis and will adopt the fully phased-in requirements effective January 1, 2019. During the first quarter, we made the “opt-out” election with respect to the regulatory capital treatment of AOCI under the Basel III framework.
Among other things, the new rules revise capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, and they modify specified quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and capital. The impact of these new rules will require the Company to maintain capital in excess of current “well-capitalized” regulatory standards.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Changes in AOCI by component are as follows:
(In thousands)

 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives and other
 
Pension and post-retirement
 
Total
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
 
 
$
(91,921
)
 
 
 
$
2,226

 
 
$
(38,346
)
 
$
(128,041
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax
 
 
4,131

 
 
 
4,308

 
 

 
8,439

Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of tax
 
 
85,812

 
 
 
(1,382
)
 
 

 
84,430

Other comprehensive income
 
 
89,943

 
 
 
2,926

 
 

 
92,869

Balance at June 30, 2015
 
 
$
(1,978
)
 
 
 
$
5,152

 
 
$
(38,346
)
 
$
(35,172
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense included in other comprehensive income
 
 
$
58,778

 
 
 
$
1,867

 
 
$

 
$
60,645

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2013
 
 
$
(168,805
)
 
 
 
$
1,556

 
 
$
(24,852
)
 
$
(192,101
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax
 
 
82,458

 
 
 
732

 
 

 
83,190

Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of tax
 
 
(27,368
)
 
 
 
(558
)
 
 

 
(27,926
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
55,090

 
 
 
174

 
 

 
55,264

Balance at June 30, 2014
 
 
$
(113,715
)
 
 
 
$
1,730

 
 
$
(24,852
)
 
$
(136,837
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit) included in other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
$
44,082

 
 
 
$
151

 
 
$

 
$
44,233


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Amounts reclassified
from AOCI 1
 
Statement of income (SI) Balance sheet
(BS)
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
 
Details about AOCI components
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Affected line item
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net realized gains (losses) on investment securities
 
$
(138,436
)
 
$
5,026

 
$
(138,675
)
 
$
35,940

 
SI
 
Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
(52,772
)
 
1,922

 
(52,863
)
 
7,996

 
 
 
 
 
 
(85,664
)
 
3,104

 
(85,812
)
 
27,944

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized losses on investment securities
 

 

 

 
(27
)
 
SI
 
Net impairment losses on investment securities
Income tax benefit
 

 

 

 
(10
)
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 

 
(17
)
 
 
 
 
Accretion of securities with noncredit-related impairment losses not expected to be sold
 

 
(462
)
 

 
(944
)
 
BS
 
Investment securities, held-to-maturity
Deferred income taxes
 

 
189

 

 
385

 
BS
 
Other assets
 
 
$
(85,664
)
 
$
2,831

 
$
(85,812
)
 
$
27,368

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains on derivative instruments
 
$
1,218

 
$
577

 
$
2,234

 
$
928

 
SI
 
Interest and fees on loans
Income tax expense
 
465

 
229

 
852

 
370

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
753

 
$
348

 
$
1,382

 
$
558

 
 
 
 
1 
Negative reclassification amounts indicate decreases to earnings in the statement of income and increases to balance sheet assets. The opposite applies to positive reclassification amounts.

9.
INCOME TAXES
The effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was lower than the blended statutory rate of 38.25% primarily because of an increase in the proportion of nontaxable items relative to pretax income.
Net deferred tax assets were approximately $202 million at June 30, 2015 and $224 million at December 31, 2014. We evaluate deferred tax assets on a regular basis to determine whether an additional valuation allowance is required. Based on this evaluation, and considering the weight of the positive evidence compared to the negative evidence, we have concluded that an additional valuation allowance is not required as of June 30, 2015.

10.
FAIR VALUE
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. To measure fair value, a hierarchy has been established that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy uses three levels of inputs to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities as follows:
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access;
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less active markets, observable inputs other than quoted prices that are used in the valuation of an asset or liability, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means; and
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity for financial instruments whose value is determined by pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

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The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is classified is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measure in its entirety. Market activity is presumed to be orderly in the absence of evidence of forced or disorderly sales, although such sales may still be indicative of fair value. Applicable accounting guidance precludes the use of blockage factors or liquidity adjustments due to the quantity of securities held by an entity.

We use fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities on a recurring basis when fair value is the primary measure for accounting. Fair value is used on a nonrecurring basis to measure certain assets when adjusting carrying values, such as the application of lower of cost or fair value accounting, including recognition of impairment on assets. Fair value is also used when providing required disclosures for certain financial instruments.

Fair Value Policies and Procedures
We have various policies, processes and controls in place to ensure that fair values are reasonably developed, reviewed and approved for use. These include a Securities Valuation Committee (“SVC”) comprised of executive management appointed by the Board of Directors. The SVC reviews and approves on a quarterly basis the key components of fair value estimation, including critical valuation assumptions for Level 3 modeling. A Model Risk Management Group conducts model validations, including internal models, and sets policies and procedures for revalidation, including the timing of revalidation.

Third Party Service Providers
We use a third party pricing service to provide pricing for approximately 91% of our AFS Level 2 securities. Fair values for other AFS Level 2 and for Level 3 securities generally use certain inputs corroborated by market data and include standard form discounted cash flow modeling.

For Level 2 securities, the third party pricing service provides documentation on an ongoing basis that presents market corroborative data, including detail pricing information and market reference data. The documentation includes benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data, including information from the vendor trading platform. We review, test and validate this information as appropriate. Absent observable trade data, we do not adjust prices from our third party sources.

The following describes the hierarchy designations, valuation methodologies, and key inputs to measure fair value on a recurring basis for designated financial instruments:

Available-for-Sale
U.S. Treasury, Agencies and Corporations
U.S. Treasury securities are measured under Level 1 using quoted market prices when available. U.S. agencies and corporations are measured under Level 2 generally using the previously discussed third party pricing service.

Municipal Securities
Municipal securities are measured under Level 2 generally using the third party pricing service. Valuation inputs include Baa municipal curves, as well as FHLB and London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) swap curves.

Mutual Funds and Other
Mutual funds and other securities are measured under Level 1 or Level 2. For Level 1, quoted market prices are used which may include net asset values or their equivalents. Level 2 valuations generally use quoted prices for similar securities.


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Trading Account
Securities in the trading account are measured under Level 1 using quoted market prices. If not available, quoted prices under Level 2 for similar securities are used.
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) is measured under Level 2 according to cash surrender values (“CSVs”) of the insurance policies that are provided by a third party service. Nearly all policies are general account policies with CSVs based on the Company’s claims on the assets of the insurance companies. The insurances companies’ investments include predominantly fixed income securities consisting of investment-grade corporate bonds and various types of mortgage instruments. Management regularly reviews its BOLI investment performance, including concentrations among insurance providers.
Private Equity Investments
Private equity investments are measured under Level 3. The Equity Investments Committee, consisting of executives familiar with the investments, reviews periodic financial information, including audited financial statements when available. Certain analytics may be employed that include current and projected financial performance, recent financing activities, economic and market conditions, market comparables, market liquidity, sales restrictions, and other factors. The amount of unfunded commitments to invest is disclosed in Note 11. Certain restrictions apply for the redemption of these investments and certain investments are prohibited by the Volcker Rule. See discussions in Notes 5 and 11.
Agriculture Loan Servicing
This asset results from our servicing of agriculture loans approved and funded by FAMC. We provide this servicing under an agreement with Farmer Mac for loans they own. The asset’s fair value represents our projection of the present value of future cash flows measured under Level 3 using discounted cash flow methodologies.
Interest-Only Strips
Interest-only strips are created as a by-product of the securitization process. When the guaranteed portions of SBA 7(a) loans are pooled, interest-only strips may be created in the pooling process. The asset’s fair value represents our projection of the present value of future cash flows measured under Level 3 using discounted cash flow methodologies.
Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Obligations
Invested assets in the deferred compensation plan consist of shares of registered investment companies. These mutual funds are valued under Level 1 at quoted market prices, which represents the NAV of shares held by the plan at the end of the period.
Derivatives
Derivatives are measured according to their classification as either exchange-traded or over-the-counter (“OTC”). Exchange-traded derivatives consist of foreign currency exchange contracts measured under Level 1 because they are traded in active markets. OTC derivatives, including those for customers, consist of interest rate swaps and options. These derivatives are measured under Level 2 using third party services. Observable market inputs include yield curves (the LIBOR swap curve and relevant overnight index swap curves), foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, option volatilities, counterparty credit risk, and other related data. Credit valuation adjustments are required to reflect nonperformance risk for both the Company and the respective counterparty. These adjustments are determined generally by applying a credit spread to the total expected exposure of the derivative.
Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased
Securities sold, not yet purchased, included in “Federal funds and other short-term borrowings” on the balance sheet, are measured under Level 1 using quoted market prices. If not available, quoted prices under Level 2 for similar securities are used.

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Quantitative Disclosure of Fair Value Measurements
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value by class on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30, 2015
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury, agencies and corporations
$

 
$
4,314,267

 
$

 
$
4,314,267

Municipal securities
 
 
202,657

 


 
202,657

Other debt securities
 
 
23,815

 
 
 
23,815

Money market mutual funds and other
103,360

 
8,316

 
 
 
111,676

 
103,360

 
4,549,055

 

 
4,652,415

Trading account
 
 
74,519

 
 
 
74,519

Other noninterest-bearing investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
 
479,596

 
 
 
479,596

Private equity investments
 
 


 
110,115

 
110,115

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agriculture loan servicing and interest-only strips

 


 
13,502

 
13,502

Deferred compensation plan assets
89,729

 


 


 
89,729

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
3,963

 
 
 
3,963

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
43,968

 
 
 
43,968

Foreign currency exchange contracts
16,615

 
 
 
 
 
16,615

 
16,615

 
47,931

 

 
64,546

 
$
209,704

 
$
5,151,101

 
$
123,617

 
$
5,484,422

LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold, not yet purchased
$
11,397

 
$

 
$

 
$
11,397

Other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation plan obligations
89,729

 

 

 
89,729

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
398

 
 
 
398

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
45,598

 
 
 
45,598

Foreign currency exchange contracts
14,249

 
 
 
 
 
14,249

 
14,249

 
45,996

 

 
60,245

 
$
115,375

 
$
45,996

 
$

 
$
161,371


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands)
December 31, 2014
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury, agencies and corporations
$

 
$
3,098,208

 
$

 
$
3,098,208

Municipal securities
 
 
185,093

 
4,164

 
189,257

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred – banks and insurance
 
 
22,701

 
393,007

 
415,708

Auction rate
 
 
 
 
4,761

 
4,761

Other
 
 
666

 
25

 
691

Money market mutual funds and other
105,348

 
30,275

 
 
 
135,623

 
105,348

 
3,336,943

 
401,957

 
3,844,248

Trading account
 
 
70,601

 
 
 
70,601

Other noninterest-bearing investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
 
476,290

 
 
 
476,290

Private equity investments
 
 


 
99,865

 
99,865

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agriculture loan servicing and interest-only strips

 


 
12,227

 
12,227

Deferred compensation plan assets
88,878

 


 


 
88,878

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
1,508

 
 
 
1,508

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
48,287

 
 
 
48,287

Foreign currency exchange contracts
16,625

 
 
 
 
 
16,625

 
16,625

 
49,795

 

 
66,420

 
$
210,851

 
$
3,933,629

 
$
514,049

 
$
4,658,529

LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold, not yet purchased
$
24,230

 
$

 
$

 
$
24,230

Other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation plan obligations
88,878

 

 

 
88,878

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
297

 
 
 
297

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
50,669

 
 
 
50,669

Foreign currency exchange contracts
15,272

 
 
 
 
 
15,272

 
15,272

 
50,966

 

 
66,238

Other
 
 
 
 
13

 
13

 
$
128,380

 
$
50,966

 
$
13

 
$
179,359



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Reconciliation of Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The following reconciles the beginning and ending balances of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value by class on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs:

 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities

Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance

Other

Private
equity
investments

Ag loan svcg and int-only strips

Derivatives
and other
liabilities

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at March 31, 2015
$
2,465

 
$
438,338

 
$
4,803

 
$
105,232

 
$
12,001

 
$

Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
1

 
214

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,633
)
 
 
 
 
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
714

 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities losses, net
(375
)
 
(136,368
)
 
(606
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,483

 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
560

 
148,496

 
(116
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,262

 
210

 
 
Sales
(2,651
)
 
(437,442
)
 
(4,081
)
 
(991
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns


 
(13,238
)
 


 
(469
)
 
(192
)
 

Balance at June 30, 2015
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
110,115

 
$
13,502

 
$



 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities
 
Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance
 
Other
 
Private
equity
investments
 
Ag loan svcg and int-only strips
 
Derivatives
and other
liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
4,164

 
$
393,007

 
$
4,761

 
$
97,649

 
$
12,227

 
$
(13
)
Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
3

 
471

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(559
)
 
 
 
 
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,967

 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities losses, net
(344
)
 
(136,691
)
 
(606
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,487

 
 
Other noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13

Other comprehensive income (loss)
687

 
141,547

 
(74
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of HTM securities reclassified as AFS
 
 
57,308

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
12,314

 
381

 
 
Sales
(2,651
)
 
(440,055
)
 
(4,081
)
 
(2,508
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns
(1,859
)
 
(15,587
)
 


 
(748
)
 
(593
)
 
 
Balance at June 30, 2015
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
110,115

 
$
13,502

 
$




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Level 3 Instruments
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities

Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance

Trust
preferred – REIT

Auction
rate

Other
asset-backed

Private
equity
investments

Ag loan svcg and int-only strips

Derivatives
and other
liabilities

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at March 31, 2014
$
10,184

 
$
690,217

 
$

 
$
6,560

 
$
30

 
$
81,052

 
$
11,207

 
$
(5,632
)
Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
8

 
633

 

 
1

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,052
)
 
 
 
 
Fair value and nonhedge derivative loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
(467
)
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
584

 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities gains, net
 
4,383

 


 


 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
45

 
 
Other noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101

Other comprehensive income (loss)
92

 
6,878

 


 
17

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,104

 
379

 
 
Sales
 
 

 


 
 
 

 
(15
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns
(246
)
 
(16,306
)
 
 
 


 
(2
)
 
(5,417
)
 
(170
)
 
5,866

Balance at June 30, 2014
$
10,038

 
$
685,805

 
$

 
$
6,578

 
$
28

 
$
82,256

 
$
11,461

 
$
(132
)


 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities
 
Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance
 
Trust
preferred – REIT
 
Auction
rate
 
Other
asset-backed
 
Private
equity
investments
 
Ag loan svcg and int-only strips
 
Derivatives
and other
liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2013
$
10,662

 
$
1,238,820

 
$
22,996

 
$
6,599

 
$
25,800

 
$
82,410

 
$
8,852

 
$
(4,303
)
Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
18

 
1,353

 

 
2

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2,747
)
 
 
 
 
Fair value and nonhedge derivative loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7,894
)
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
584

 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities gains, net
16

 
22,965

 
1,399

 
 
 
10,917

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
526

 
 
Other noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
109

Other comprehensive income (loss)
(182
)
 
101,340

 


 
(23
)
 
(15
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8,460

 
2,456

 
 
Sales
 
 
(546,388
)
 
 
 
 
 
(36,669
)
 
(839
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns
(476
)
 
(63,092
)
 
(24,395
)
 
 
 
(5
)
 
(5,612
)
 
(373
)
 
11,956

Transfers to Level 2
 
 
(69,193
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at June 30, 2014
$
10,038

 
$
685,805

 
$

 
$
6,578

 
$
28

 
$
82,256

 
$
11,461

 
$
(132
)

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Except for the transfers included in the previous schedule, no transfers of assets or liabilities occurred among Levels 1, 2 or 3 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014. Transfers are considered to have occurred as of the end of the reporting period.

The preceding reconciling amounts using Level 3 inputs include the following realized amounts in the statement of income:
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income
$
4

 
$

 
$
4

 
$
34

Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
(137,349
)
 
4,383

 
(137,641
)
 
35,297

Equity securities losses, net
(674
)
 

 
(674
)
 


Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
Included in the balance sheet amounts are the following amounts of assets that had fair value changes during the year-to-date period measured on a nonrecurring basis.
(In thousands)
Fair value at June 30, 2015
 
Fair value at December 31, 2014
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments, carried at cost
$

 
$

 
$
3,547

 
$
3,547

 
$

 
$

 
$
23,454

 
$
23,454

Impaired loans

 
10,983

 

 
10,983

 

 
16,574

 

 
16,574

Other real estate owned

 
2,594

 

 
2,594

 

 
8,034

 

 
8,034

 
$

 
$
13,577

 
$
3,547

 
$
17,124

 
$

 
$
24,608

 
$
23,454

 
$
48,062


The previous fair values may not be current as of the dates indicated, but rather as of the date the fair value change occurred, such as a charge for impairment. Accordingly, carrying values may not equal current fair value.
 
Gains (losses) from fair value changes
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HTM securities adjusted for OTTI
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(27
)
Private equity investments, carried at cost
(1,125
)
 
(133
)
 
(2,278
)
 
(133
)
Impaired loans
(2,808
)
 
(8,662
)
 
(5,357
)
 
(13,189
)
Other real estate owned
(310
)
 
(937
)
 
(1,318
)
 
(3,171
)
 
$
(4,243
)
 
$
(9,732
)
 
$
(8,953
)
 
$
(16,520
)

During the three and six months ended June 30, we recognized net gains of $1.1 million and $1.9 million in 2015 and $1.5 million and $2.5 million in 2014 from the sale of other real estate owned (“OREO”) properties that had a carrying value at the time of sale of approximately $10.1 million and $24.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Previous to their sale in these periods, we recognized impairment on these properties of $0.3 million and $0.4 million in 2015 and $0.3 million and $0.5 million in 2014.

Private equity investments carried at cost were measured at fair value for impairment purposes according to the methodology previously discussed for these investments. Amounts of private equity investments carried at cost were $29.6 million at June 30, 2015 and $39.1 million at December 31, 2014. Amounts of other noninterest-bearing investments carried at cost were $244.1 million at June 30, 2015 and $250.7 million at December 31, 2014, which were comprised of Federal Reserve, Federal Home Loan Bank, and Farmer Mac stock.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Impaired (or nonperforming) loans that are collateral-dependent were measured at fair value based on the fair value of the collateral. OREO was measured initially at fair value based on property appraisals at the time of transfer and subsequently at the lower of cost or fair value.
Measurement of fair value for collateral-dependent loans and OREO was based on third party appraisals that utilize one or more valuation techniques (income, market and/or cost approaches). Any adjustments to calculated fair value were made based on recently completed and validated third party appraisals, third party appraisal services, automated valuation services, or our informed judgment. Evaluations were made to determine that the appraisal process met the relevant concepts and requirements of applicable accounting guidance.
Automated valuation services may be used primarily for residential properties when values from any of the previous methods were not available within 90 days of the balance sheet date. These services use models based on market, economic, and demographic values. The use of these models has only occurred in a very few instances and the related property valuations have not been significant to consider disclosure under Level 3 rather than Level 2.
Impaired loans not collateral-dependent were measured at fair valued based on the present value of future cash flows discounted at the expected coupon rates over the lives of the loans. Because the loans were not discounted at market interest rates, the valuations do not represent fair value and have been excluded from the nonrecurring fair value balance in the preceding schedules.

Fair Value of Certain Financial Instruments
Following is a summary of the carrying values and estimated fair values of certain financial instruments:
 
June 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair value
 
Level
 
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair value
 
Level
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HTM investment securities
$
570,869

 
$
578,327

 
3
 
$
647,252

 
$
677,196

 
3
Loans and leases (including loans held for sale), net of allowance
39,567,057

 
39,296,460

 
3
 
39,591,499

 
39,426,498

 
3
Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits
2,263,146

 
2,265,320

 
2
 
2,406,924

 
2,408,550

 
2
Foreign deposits
372,106

 
372,069

 
2
 
328,391

 
328,447

 
2
Long-term debt (less fair value hedges)
1,050,367

 
1,091,173

 
2
 
1,090,778

 
1,159,287

 
2
This summary excludes financial assets and liabilities for which carrying value approximates fair value. For financial assets, these include cash and due from banks and money market investments. For financial liabilities, these include demand, savings and money market deposits, and federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements. The estimated fair value of demand, savings and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. Carrying value is used because the accounts have no stated maturity and the customer has the ability to withdraw funds immediately. Also excluded from the summary are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as previously described.
HTM investment securities primarily consist of municipal securities. They were measured at fair value according to the methodologies previously discussed for these investment types.
Loans are measured at fair value according to their status as nonimpaired or impaired. For nonimpaired loans, fair value is estimated by discounting future cash flows using the LIBOR yield curve adjusted by a factor which reflects the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan. These future cash flows are then reduced by the estimated “life-of-the-loan” aggregate credit losses in the loan portfolio. These adjustments for lifetime future credit losses are derived from the methods used to estimate the ALLL for our loan portfolio and are adjusted quarterly as necessary to reflect the most recent loss experience. Impaired loans are already considered to be held at fair value, except those whose fair value is determined by discounting cash flows, as discussed previously. See Impaired Loans in

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Note 6 for details on the impairment measurement method for impaired loans. Loans, other than those held for sale, are not normally purchased and sold by the Company, and there are no active trading markets for most of this portfolio.
Time and foreign deposits, and any other short-term borrowings, are measured at fair value by discounting future cash flows using the LIBOR yield curve to the given maturity dates.
Long-term debt is measured at fair value based on actual market trades (i.e., an asset value) when available, or discounting cash flows to maturity using the LIBOR yield curve adjusted for credit spreads.
These fair value disclosures represent our best estimates based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding current economic conditions, future expected loss experience, risk characteristics of the various instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and cannot be determined with precision. Changes in these methodologies and assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

11.
COMMITMENTS, GUARANTEES AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Commitments and Guarantees
Contractual amounts of off-balance sheet financial instruments used to meet the financing needs of our customers are as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
Net unfunded commitments to extend credit 1
$
16,678,282

 
$
16,658,757

Standby letters of credit:
 
 
 
Financial
677,693

 
745,895

Performance
193,710

 
183,482

Commercial letters of credit
37,674

 
32,144

Total unfunded lending commitments
$
17,587,359

 
$
17,620,278

1 
Net of participations
The Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K contains further information about these commitments and guarantees including their terms and collateral requirements. At June 30, 2015, the Company had recorded approximately $14.7 million as a liability for the guarantees associated with the standby letters of credit, which consisted of $11.9 million attributable to the RULC and $2.8 million of deferred commitment fees.
At June 30, 2015, the Parent has guaranteed $15.0 million of debt of affiliated trusts issuing trust preferred securities.
At June 30, 2015, we had unfunded commitments for private equity investments of approximately $48 million. These obligations have no stated maturity. Certain PEIs related to these commitments are prohibited by the Volcker Rule. See related discussions about these investments in Notes 5 and 10.
Legal Matters
We are subject to litigation in court and arbitral proceedings, as well as proceedings, investigations, examinations and other actions brought or considered by governmental and self-regulatory agencies. Litigation may relate to lending, deposit and other customer relationships, vendor and contractual issues, employee matters, intellectual property matters, personal injuries and torts, regulatory and legal compliance, and other matters. While most matters relate to individual claims, we are also subject to putative class action claims and similar broader claims. Proceedings, investigations, examinations and other actions brought or considered by governmental and self-regulatory agencies may relate to our banking, investment advisory, trust, securities, and other products and services; our customers’ involvement in money laundering, fraud, securities violations and other illicit activities or our policies and practices relating to such customer activities; and our compliance with the broad range of banking,

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securities and other laws and regulations applicable to us. At any given time, we may be in the process of responding to subpoenas, requests for documents, data and testimony relating to such matters and engaging in discussions to resolve the matters.
As of June 30, 2015, we were subject to the following material litigation and governmental inquiries:
a class action case, Reyes v. Zions First National Bank, et. al., which was brought in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in early 2010. This case relates to our banking relationships with customers that allegedly engaged in wrongful telemarketing practices. The plaintiff is seeking a trebled monetary award under the federal RICO Act. In the third quarter of 2013, the District Court denied the plaintiff’s motion for class certification in the Reyes case. The plaintiff appealed the District Court decision to the Third Circuit Court of Appeals. The Third Circuit had not ruled on the appeals as of August 2015.
a governmental inquiry into possible money laundering activities of a customer of one of our subsidiary banks and the anti-money laundering practices of that bank (conducted by the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York). Our first contact with the United States Attorney’s Office relating to this matter occurred in early 2012. We are unclear about the status of this inquiry.
a governmental inquiry into the practices of our subsidiary, Zions Bank; our former subsidiary, NetDeposit, LLC; and possibly other of our affiliates relating primarily to payment processing for allegedly fraudulent telemarketers and other customer types (conducted by the Department of Justice). This inquiry has been directed towards the banking industry generally, including numerous banks unrelated to us, and has led to a number of enforcement actions. Our first contact with the Department of Justice relating to this matter occurred in early 2013. We are unclear about the status of the inquiry as it relates to us.
At least quarterly, we review outstanding and new legal matters, utilizing then available information. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, if we determine that a loss from a matter is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we establish an accrual for the loss. In the absence of such a determination, no accrual is made. Once established, accruals are adjusted to reflect developments relating to the matters.
In our review, we also assess whether we can determine the range of reasonably possible losses for significant matters in which we are unable to determine that the likelihood of a loss is remote. Because of the difficulty of predicting the outcome of legal matters, discussed subsequently, we are able to meaningfully estimate such a range only for a limited number of matters. Based on information available as of June 30, 2015, we estimated the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses for those matters to be from $0 million to roughly $50 million in excess of amounts accrued. The matters underlying the estimated range will change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate. Those matters for which an estimate is not possible are not included within this estimated range and, therefore, this estimated range does not represent our maximum loss exposure.
Based on our current knowledge, we believe that our current estimated liability for litigation and other legal actions and claims, reflected in our accruals and determined in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, is adequate and that liabilities in excess of the amounts currently accrued, if any, arising from litigation and other legal actions and claims for which an estimate as previously described is possible, will not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, in light of the significant uncertainties involved in these matters, and the very large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows for any given reporting period.
Any estimate or determination relating to the future resolution of litigation, arbitration, governmental or self-regulatory examinations, investigations or actions or similar matters is inherently uncertain and involves significant judgment. This is particularly true in the early stages of a legal matter, when legal issues and facts have not been well articulated, reviewed, analyzed, and vetted through discovery, preparation for trial or hearings, substantive and productive mediation or settlement discussions, or other actions. It is also particularly true with respect to class

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action and similar claims involving multiple defendants, matters with complex procedural requirements or substantive issues or novel legal theories, and examinations, investigations and other actions conducted or brought by governmental and self-regulatory agencies, in which the normal adjudicative process is not applicable. Accordingly, we usually are unable to determine whether a favorable or unfavorable outcome is remote, reasonably likely, or probable, or to estimate the amount or range of a probable or reasonably likely loss, until relatively late in the course of a legal matter, sometimes not until a number of years have elapsed. Accordingly, our judgments and estimates relating to claims will change from time to time in light of developments and actual outcomes will differ from our estimates. These differences may be material.

12.
RETIREMENT PLANS
The following discloses the net periodic benefit cost (credit) and its components for the Company’s pension and postretirement plans:
 
 
Pension benefits
 
Supplemental
retirement
benefits
 
Postretirement
benefits
 
Pension benefits
 
Supplemental
retirement
benefits
 
Postretirement
benefits
(In thousands)
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$


$

 
$

 
$

 
$
8

 
$
8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
16

 
$
16

Interest cost
 
1,783


1,880

 
101


113

 
10

 
12

 
3,566

 
3,760

 
201

 
227

 
20

 
23

Expected return on plan assets
 
(3,090
)

(3,326
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(6,180
)
 
(6,652
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of prior service cost
 
 
 
 
 


13

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

 
25

 

 

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss
 
1,574


797

 
31


5

 
(13
)
 
(18
)
 
3,147

 
1,593

 
62

 
10

 
(26
)
 
(35
)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
 
$
267

 
$
(649
)
 
$
132

 
$
131

 
$
5

 
$
2

 
$
533

 
$
(1,299
)
 
$
263

 
$
262

 
$
10

 
$
4

As disclosed in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company has frozen its participation and benefit accruals for the pension plan and its contributions for individual benefit payments in the postretirement benefit plan.

13.
OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION
We manage our operations and prepare management reports and other information with a primary focus on geographical area. As of June 30, 2015, we operate seven community/regional banks in distinct geographical areas. Performance assessment and resource allocation are based upon this geographical structure. Zions Bank operates 101 branches in Utah, 25 branches in Idaho, and one branch in Wyoming. Amegy operates 79 branches in Texas. CB&T operates 94 branches in California. NBAZ operates 66 branches in Arizona. NSB operates 50 branches in Nevada. Vectra operates 36 branches in Colorado and one branch in New Mexico. TCBW operates one branch in Washington and one branch in Oregon. Effective April 1, 2015, TCBO was merged into TCBW. Note 1 discusses the upcoming consolidation of the seven bank charters into one bank charter. When completed, this consolidation will affect the presentation of segment reporting, although certain geographical information will continue.

The operating segment identified as “Other” includes the Parent, Zions Management Services Company (“ZMSC”), certain nonbank financial service subsidiaries, and eliminations of transactions between segments. The Parent’s operations are significant to the Other segment. Net interest income is substantially affected by the Parent’s interest on long-term debt. ZMSC provides internal technology and operational services to affiliated operating businesses of the Company. ZMSC charges most of its costs to the affiliates on an approximate break-even basis.

The accounting policies of the individual operating segments are the same as those of the Company. Transactions between operating segments are primarily conducted at fair value, resulting in profits that are eliminated for reporting consolidated results of operations. Operating segments pay for centrally provided services based upon estimated or actual usage of those services.

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The following schedule presents selected operating segment information for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014:
(In millions)
Zions Bank
 
Amegy
 
CB&T
 
NBAZ
 
NSB
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
144.2

 
$
145.6

 
$
95.0

 
$
95.4

 
$
98.7

 
$
103.7

 
$
40.3

 
$
40.3

 
$
28.3

 
$
28.3

Provision for loan losses
(8.4
)
 
(15.4
)
 
14.0

 
(7.5
)
 
(3.5
)
 
(12.9
)
 
2.7

 
(8.0
)
 
(3.0
)
 
(5.7
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
152.6

 
161.0

 
81.0

 
102.9

 
102.2

 
116.6

 
37.6

 
48.3

 
31.3

 
34.0

Noninterest income 1
(6.6
)
 
50.2

 
33.8

 
36.3

 
21.2

 
13.8

 
10.8

 
8.3

 
8.4

 
8.9

Noninterest expense
129.3

 
121.1

 
96.7

 
92.5

 
79.4

 
82.4

 
36.8

 
38.9

 
33.6

 
34.0

Income before income taxes
16.7

 
90.1

 
18.1

 
46.7

 
44.0

 
48.0

 
11.6

 
17.7

 
6.1

 
8.9

Income taxes (benefit)
4.6

 
33.2

 
5.2

 
15.9

 
17.2

 
19.0

 
4.0

 
6.6

 
2.0

 
3.0

Net income (loss)
12.1

 
56.9

 
12.9

 
30.8

 
26.8

 
29.0

 
7.6

 
11.1

 
4.1

 
5.9

Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests
0.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
11.2

 
$
56.9

 
$
12.9

 
$
30.8

 
$
26.8

 
$
29.0

 
$
7.6

 
$
11.1

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
18,875

 
$
17,593

 
$
13,674

 
$
13,618

 
$
11,515

 
$
11,044

 
$
4,942

 
$
4,696

 
$
4,311

 
$
4,073

Cash and due from banks
251

 
335

 
97

 
213

 
86

 
156

 
43

 
74

 
75

 
82

Money market investments
2,970

 
2,679

 
1,980

 
2,435

 
1,776

 
1,252

 
402

 
412

 
885

 
764

Total securities
2,794

 
1,747

 
281

 
260

 
425

 
237

 
450

 
371

 
858

 
787

Total loans
12,172

 
12,317

 
10,159

 
9,563

 
8,472

 
8,655

 
3,846

 
3,648

 
2,358

 
2,318

Total deposits
16,456

 
15,322

 
11,198

 
11,167

 
9,864

 
9,394

 
4,291

 
4,014

 
3,902

 
3,676

Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
280

 
280

 
226

 
227

 
162

 
162

 
85

 
98

 
50

 
50

Common equity
1,639

 
1,552

 
1,952

 
1,873

 
1,406

 
1,368

 
491

 
454

 
332

 
324

Noncontrolling interests
11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total shareholder’s equity
1,930

 
1,832

 
2,178

 
2,100

 
1,568

 
1,530

 
576

 
552

 
382

 
374

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vectra
 
TCBW
 
Other
 
Consolidated
Company
 
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
26.4

 
$
25.4


$
7.7

 
$
8.0

 
$
(16.9
)
 
$
(30.4
)
 
$
423.7

 
$
416.3

 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(0.4
)
 
(4.5
)

(0.8
)
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
0.6

 
(54.4
)
 
 
 
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
26.8

 
29.9

 
8.5

 
8.4

 
(16.9
)
 
(30.4
)
 
423.1

 
470.7

 
 
 
 
Noninterest income 1
4.7

 
5.9

 
1.2

 
1.3

 
(73.1
)
 
0.2

 
0.4

 
124.9

 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
24.4

 
23.7

 
(1.5
)
 
6.0

 
5.4

 
7.4

 
404.1

 
406.0

 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
7.1

 
12.1

 
11.2

 
3.7

 
(95.4
)
 
(37.6
)
 
19.4

 
189.6

 
 
 
 
Income taxes (benefit)
2.4

 
4.3

 
3.9

 
1.3

 
(33.9
)
 
(13.3
)
 
5.4

 
70.0

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
4.7

 
7.8

 
7.3

 
2.4

 
(61.5
)
 
(24.3
)
 
14.0

 
119.6

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(0.9
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
4.7

 
$
7.8

 
$
7.3

 
$
2.4

 
$
(60.6
)
 
$
(24.3
)
 
$
14.0

 
$
119.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
3,236

 
$
2,595

 
$
987

 
$
948

 
$
(62
)
 
$
469

 
$
57,478

 
$
55,036

 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
29

 
47

 
35

 
25

 
(25
)
 
(13
)
 
591

 
919

 
 
 
 
Money market investments
522

 
20

 
142

 
104

 
(262
)
 
(162
)
 
8,415

 
7,504

 
 
 
 
Total securities
225

 
158

 
79

 
82

 
134

 
381

 
5,246

 
4,023

 
 
 
 
Total loans
2,400

 
2,316

 
721

 
725

 
3

 
2

 
40,131

 
39,544

 
 
 
 
Total deposits
2,831

 
2,184

 
852

 
799

 
(1,269
)
 
(1,097
)
 
48,125

 
45,459

 
 
 
 
Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
25

 
42

 
3

 
3

 
173

 
142

 
1,004

 
1,004

 
 
 
 
Common equity
319

 
283

 
107

 
106

 
247

 
(215
)
 
6,493

 
5,745

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(11
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Total shareholder’s equity
344

 
325

 
110

 
109

 
409

 
(73
)
 
7,497

 
6,749

 
 
 
 
1 
Includes loss on sale of CDOs in 2015 of (in millions) $62.5 (Zions Bank), $0.6 (NSB), $0.6 (Vectra) and $73.1 (Other).

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The following schedule presents selected operating segment information for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014:
(In millions)
Zions Bank
 
Amegy
 
CB&T
 
NBAZ
 
NSB
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
285.3

 
$
288.1

 
$
191.7

 
$
190.1

 
$
194.4

 
$
212.9

 
$
79.3

 
$
80.6

 
$
56.3

 
$
56.2

Provision for loan losses
(13.0
)
 
(24.1
)
 
25.1

 
9.4

 
(7.6
)
 
(15.0
)
 
3.4

 
(11.0
)
 
(11.7
)
 
(8.3
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
298.3

 
312.2

 
166.6

 
180.7

 
202.0

 
227.9

 
75.9

 
91.6

 
68.0

 
64.5

Noninterest income
40.2

 
94.2

 
67.8

 
68.3

 
37.9

 
19.6

 
19.3

 
16.6

 
17.4

 
13.8

Noninterest expense
256.7

 
242.6

 
190.7

 
179.5

 
153.8

 
167.7

 
73.7

 
76.2

 
65.7

 
66.1

Income before income taxes
81.8

 
163.8

 
43.7

 
69.5

 
86.1

 
79.8

 
21.5

 
32.0

 
19.7

 
12.2

Income taxes
28.0

 
60.0

 
13.7

 
23.2

 
33.6

 
31.1

 
7.4

 
11.8

 
6.6

 
4.0

Net income
53.8

 
103.8

 
30.0

 
46.3

 
52.5

 
48.7

 
14.1

 
20.2

 
13.1

 
8.2

Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests
1.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
52.4

 
$
103.8

 
$
30.0

 
$
46.3

 
$
52.5

 
$
48.7

 
$
14.1

 
$
20.2

 
$
13.1

 
$
8.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
18,725

 
$
17,932

 
$
13,818

 
$
13,543

 
$
11,442

 
$
10,967

 
$
4,884

 
$
4,654

 
$
4,238

 
$
4,032

Cash and due from banks
274

 
337

 
140

 
267

 
88

 
161

 
46

 
73

 
73

 
85

Money market investments
2,969

 
3,110

 
2,013

 
2,469

 
1,718

 
1,191

 
399

 
351

 
810

 
732

Total securities
2,632

 
1,672

 
283

 
251

 
381

 
282

 
431

 
368

 
849

 
784

Total loans
12,176

 
12,282

 
10,217

 
9,463

 
8,487

 
8,597

 
3,805

 
3,672

 
2,371

 
2,312

Total deposits
16,309

 
15,649

 
11,337

 
11,133

 
9,783

 
9,334

 
4,235

 
3,983

 
3,829

 
3,637

Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
280

 
280

 
226

 
190

 
162

 
162

 
85

 
109

 
50

 
50

Common equity
1,636

 
1,545

 
1,946

 
1,861

 
1,400

 
1,359

 
488

 
438

 
332

 
321

Noncontrolling interests
11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total shareholder’s equity
1,927

 
1,825

 
2,172

 
2,051

 
1,562

 
1,521

 
573

 
547

 
382

 
371

 
Vectra
 
TCBW
 
Other
 
Consolidated
Company
 
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
52.1

 
$
50.7

 
$
15.1

 
$
15.7

 
$
(33.1
)
 
$
(61.5
)
 
$
841.1

 
$
832.8

 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
3.5

 
(6.3
)
 
(0.6
)
 
0.3

 

 

 
(0.9
)
 
(55.0
)
 
 
 
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
48.6

 
57.0

 
15.7

 
15.4

 
(33.1
)
 
(61.5
)
 
842.0

 
887.8

 

 

Noninterest income
9.8

 
9.7

 
2.2

 
0.3

 
(72.4
)
 
40.7

 
122.2

 
263.2

 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
48.3

 
49.0

 
6.3

 
11.4

 
6.3

 
11.6

 
801.5

 
804.1

 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
10.1

 
17.7

 
11.6

 
4.3

 
(111.8
)
 
(32.4
)
 
162.7

 
346.9

 
 
 
 
Income taxes (benefit)
3.1

 
6.1

 
4.0

 
1.5

 
(39.7
)
 
(11.6
)
 
56.7

 
126.1

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
7.0

 
11.6

 
7.6

 
2.8

 
(72.1
)
 
(20.8
)
 
106.0

 
220.8

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(1.4
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
7.0

 
$
11.6

 
$
7.6

 
$
2.8

 
$
(70.7
)
 
$
(20.8
)
 
$
106.0

 
$
220.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
3,107

 
$
2,582

 
$
981

 
$
947

 
$
(46
)
 
$
577

 
$
57,149

 
$
55,234

 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
29

 
47

 
35

 
25

 
(18
)
 
(17
)
 
667

 
978

 
 
 
 
Money market investments
431

 
17

 
135

 
113

 
(260
)
 
(163
)
 
8,215

 
7,820

 
 
 
 
Total securities
208

 
161

 
80

 
87

 
152

 
465

 
5,016

 
4,070

 
 
 
 
Total loans
2,379

 
2,298

 
717

 
709

 
3

 
2

 
40,155

 
39,335

 
 
 
 
Total deposits
2,700

 
2,176

 
841

 
800

 
(1,228
)
 
(1,093
)
 
47,806

 
45,619

 
 
 
 
Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
25

 
56

 
3

 
3

 
173

 
154

 
1,004

 
1,004

 
 
 
 
Common equity
318

 
265

 
105

 
104

 
224

 
(223
)
 
6,449

 
5,670

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(11
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Total shareholder’s equity
343

 
321

 
108

 
107

 
386

 
(69
)
 
7,453

 
6,674

 
 
 
 

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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are based on other than historical data are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations or forecasts of future events and include, among others:
statements with respect to the beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, guidelines, expectations, anticipations, and future financial condition, results of operations and performance of Zions Bancorporation (“the Parent”) and its subsidiaries (collectively “the Company,” “Zions,” “we,” “our,” “us”); and
statements preceded by, followed by, or that include the words “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “projects,” or similar expressions.
These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, nor should they be relied upon as representing management’s views as of any subsequent date. Forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties and actual results may differ materially from those presented, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, those presented in Management’s Discussion and Analysis. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to:
the Company’s ability to successfully execute its business plans, manage its risks, and achieve its objectives, including its restructuring initiatives;
changes in local, national and international political and economic conditions, including without limitation the political and economic effects of the recent economic crisis, delay of recovery from that crisis, economic and fiscal imbalances in the United States and other countries, potential or actual downgrades in ratings of sovereign debt issued by the United States and other countries, and other major developments, including wars, military actions, and terrorist attacks;
changes in financial and commodity market prices and conditions, either internationally, nationally or locally in areas in which the Company conducts its operations, including without limitation reduced rates of business formation and growth, commercial and residential real estate development and real estate prices, and energy-related commodity prices;
changes in markets for equity, fixed income, commercial paper and other securities, including availability, market liquidity levels, and pricing;
changes in interest rates, the quality and composition of the loan and securities portfolios, demand for loan products, deposit flows and competition;
acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses;
increases in the levels of losses, customer bankruptcies, bank failures, claims, and assessments;
changes in fiscal, monetary, regulatory, trade and tax policies and laws, and regulatory assessments and fees, including policies of the U.S. Department of Treasury, the OCC, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board System, and the FDIC, the SEC, and the CFPB; 
the impact of executive compensation rules under the Dodd-Frank Act and banking regulations which may impact the ability of the Company and other American financial institutions to retain and recruit executives and other personnel necessary for their businesses and competitiveness;
the impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and of new international standards known as Basel III, and rules and regulations thereunder, on our required regulatory capital and liquidity levels, governmental assessments on us, the scope of business activities in which we may engage, the manner in which we engage in such activities, the fees we may charge for certain products and services, and other matters affected by the Dodd-Frank Act and these international standards;
continuing consolidation in the financial services industry;
new legal claims against the Company, including litigation, arbitration and proceedings brought by governmental or self-regulatory agencies, or changes in existing legal matters;

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success in gaining regulatory approvals, when required;
changes in consumer spending and savings habits;
increased competitive challenges and expanding product and pricing pressures among financial institutions;
inflation and deflation;
technological changes and the Company’s implementation of new technologies;
the Company’s ability to develop and maintain secure and reliable information technology systems;
legislation or regulatory changes which adversely affect the Company’s operations or business;
the Company’s ability to comply with applicable laws and regulations;
changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or regulatory agencies; and
costs of deposit insurance and changes with respect to FDIC insurance coverage levels.
Except to the extent required by law, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to update any factors or to publicly announce the result of revisions to any of the forward-looking statements included herein to reflect future events or developments.
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS
ACL
Allowance for Credit Losses
FAMC
Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, or “Farmer Mac”
AFS
Available-for-Sale
FASB
Financial Accounting Standards Board
ALCO
Asset/Liability Committee
FDIC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
ALLL
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
FHLB
Federal Home Loan Bank
Amegy
Amegy Corporation
FHLMC
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or “Freddie Mac”
AOCI
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
FNMA
Federal National Mortgage Association, or “Fannie Mae”
ASC
Accounting Standards Codification
FRB
Federal Reserve Board
ASU
Accounting Standards Update
GAAP
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
ATM
Automated Teller Machine
GNMA
Government National Mortgage Association, or “Ginnie Mae”
BOLI
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
HECL
Home Equity Credit Line
bps
basis points
HQLA
High Quality Liquid Assets
CB&T
California Bank & Trust
HTM
Held-to-Maturity
CCAR
Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review
HVCRE
High Volatility Commercial Real Estate
CDO
Collateralized Debt Obligation
IFRS
International Financial Reporting Standards
CET1
Common Equity Tier 1 (Basel III)
ISDA
International Swap and Derivative Association
CFPB
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
LCR
Liquidity Coverage Ratio
CLTV
Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio
LGD
Loss Given Default
COSO
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission
LIBOR
London Interbank Offered Rate
CRE
Commercial Real Estate
LIHTC
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
CSA
Credit Support Annex
MD&A
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
CSV
Cash Surrender Value
NAV
Net Asset Value
DBRS
Dominion Bond Rating Service
NBAZ
National Bank of Arizona
DFAST
Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test
NSFR
Net Stable Funding Ratio
Dodd-Frank Act
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
NSB
Nevada State Bank
DTA
Deferred Tax Asset
OCC
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
EITF
Emerging Issues Task Force
OCI
Other Comprehensive Income
EVE
Economic Value of Equity at Risk
OREO
Other Real Estate Owned

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OTC
Over-the-Counter
SNC
Shared National Credit
OTTI
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
SVC
Securitization Valuation Committee
Parent
Zions Bancorporation
T1C
Tier 1 Common (Basel I)
PCI
Purchase Credit-Impaired
TCBO
The Commerce Bank of Oregon
PD
Probability of Default
TCBW
The Commerce Bank of Washington
PEI
Private Equity Investments
TDR
Troubled Debt Restructuring
REIT
Real Estate Investment Trust
Vectra
Vectra Bank Colorado
ROC
Risk Oversight Committee
VIE
Variable Interest Entity
RULC
Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments
VR
Volcker Rule
SBA
Small Business Administration
Zions Bank
Zions First National Bank
SBIC
Small Business Investment Company
ZMFU
Zions Municipal Funding
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
ZMSC
Zions Management Services Company

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND SIGNIFICANT ESTIMATES
The Company has made no significant changes in its critical accounting policies and significant estimates from those disclosed in its 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We reported second quarter net income of $14.0 million and a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $(1.1) million, or $(0.01) per diluted common share, compared to net earnings of $104.5 million, or $0.56 per diluted common share for the same prior year period. During the second quarter, the Company sold the remaining portfolio of its CDO securities and recognized a one-time pretax loss of approximately $137 million, or $0.42 after-tax per diluted common share. Shareholders’ equity was not adversely affected as the loss had been previously recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”). Excluding the loss, net earnings applicable to common shareholders was $83.4 million, or $0.41 per diluted common share, for the second quarter of 2015, compared to $104.5 million, or $0.56 per diluted common share, for the second quarter of 2014. The following notable changes had a negative impact on net earnings applicable to common shareholders:

$143.5 million decrease in fixed income securities gains, net;
$55.0 million increase in the provision for loan losses;
$12.4 million increase in salaries and employee benefits; and
$8.0 million decrease in total interest income.

The impact of these items was partially offset by the following positive items:

$64.5 million decrease in income taxes;
$15.4 million decrease in total interest expense;
$13.6 million decrease in other noninterest expense;
$9.1 million decrease in the provision for unfunded lending commitments; and
$5.0 million increase in other noninterest income.

Net earnings applicable to common shareholders for the first six months of 2015 were $74.2 million, or $0.36 per diluted share, compared to net earnings of $180.7 million, or $0.97 per diluted share in the corresponding prior year period. The following notable changes had a positive impact on net earnings applicable to common shareholders:

$69.4 million decrease in income taxes;
$35.4 million decrease in total interest expense;
$27.8 million decrease in other noninterest expense;
$11.2 million increase in fair value and nonhedge derivative income;

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$8.3 million decrease in preferred stock dividends;
$7.0 million increase in other service charges, commissions and fees; and
$6.9 million decrease in the provision for unfunded lending commitments.

The impact of these items was partially offset by the following negative items:

$174.6 million decrease in fixed income securities gains, net;
$54.1 million increase in the provision for loan losses;
$27.1 million decrease in total interest income; and
$22.5 million increase in salaries and employee benefits.

During the second quarter of 2015, we announced a corporate restructuring in conjunction with several expense and revenue initiatives that are expected to substantially improve our profitability metrics, including:

consolidate bank charters from seven to one while maintaining local leadership, local product pricing, and local brands;
create a chief banking officer position, with responsibility for retail banking, wealth management, and residential mortgage lending;
consolidate risk functions, while emphasizing local credit decision-making;
consolidate various non-customer facing operations; and
continue to invest in building best-in-class technology.

These changes are designed to improve the customer experience (e.g., faster turnaround times), simplify the corporate structure and how we do business, and drive substantial positive operating leverage. The increase in operating leverage is expected to come through increased revenue from growth in loans, deployment of cash to mortgage-backed securities, increased use of interest-rate swaps, and improvement in core fee income.

Once implemented, these changes should ultimately produce better revenue and expense trajectories. We plan to hold noninterest expense to below $1.6 billion, adjusted for certain expense items, in 2015 and 2016, with a slight increase in 2017. See the noninterest expense discussion on page 62 for more information. We have also provided an efficiency ratio target of less than or equal to 70% in the second half of 2015; less than or equal to 66% in 2016; and in the low 60% range in 2017. The efficiency ratio for the second quarter of 2015 was 71.4%, an improvement from 73.3% for the second quarter of 2014. See “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” on page 89 for more information regarding the calculation of the efficiency ratio.

Net Interest Income, Margin and Interest Rate Spreads
Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities; net interest income is the largest portion of our revenue. For the second quarter of 2015, taxable-equivalent net interest income was $428.0 million, compared to $421.6 million for the first quarter of 2015, and $420.2 million for the second quarter of 2014.

Net interest margin in 2015 vs. 2014
The net interest margin was 3.18% and 3.29% for the second quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, and 3.22% for the first quarter of 2015. The decreased net interest margin for the second quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period, resulted primarily from lower yields on loans held for investment and AFS securities.

Even though our average loan portfolio was $588 million higher during the second quarter of 2015, compared to the second quarter of 2014, the average interest rate earned on those assets was 4.22%, which is 19 bps lower than the comparable prior year period. This decline in interest income was primarily caused by (1) reduced interest income on loans acquired with FDIC assistance in 2009, as those acquired portfolios were successfully managed down, (2) adjustable rate loans originated in the past resetting to lower rates due to the current repricing index being lower

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than the rate when the loans were originated, (3) loans originated at lower rates than the weighted average rate of the existing portfolio, although during this past quarter we experienced an increase in the coupon on new production, and (4) the narrowing of credit and interest rate spreads. The primary reasons for the narrowing of credit and interest rate spreads are a combination of competitive pricing pressures and improved customer credit, which are the result of a more stable economic environment than a few years ago; a portion of the narrowing of the spreads may be attributed to the improved fundamental condition of our borrowers, such as stronger earnings and improved leverage ratios.

The average balance of AFS securities for the second quarter of 2015 increased by $1.2 billion, or 36.7%, while the average yield was 13 bps lower compared to the same prior year period. The decline in the average yield and the changes in the average balance are a result of changes in the composition of the AFS portfolio and the yields of the securities sold and purchased. Beginning in the second half of 2014, to improve the yield of the securities portfolio while maintaining holdings of high quality liquid assets (“HQLA”) securities, we started purchasing U.S. agency pass-through securities. These increases were partially offset by CDO sales and paydowns.

Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits provided us with low cost funding and comprised 43.6% of average total deposits for the second quarter of 2015, compared to 42.3% for second quarter of 2014. Average interest-bearing deposits increased by 3.4% in the second quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period, while the average rate paid remained unchanged at 18 bps.

The average balance of long-term debt was $957 million lower for the second quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period. The reduced balance was a result of tender offers, early calls, and redemptions at maturity, including $835 million during the third quarter of 2014. The average interest rate paid on long-term debt for the second quarter of 2015 increased by 26 bps compared to the same prior year period. This is due to the remaining outstanding balances of long-term debt being at higher interest rates than those that were redeemed during the past year. Refer to the “Liquidity Risk Management” section beginning on page 83 for more information.

During the second quarter of 2015, most of our cash in excess of that needed to fund earning assets was invested in money market assets, primarily deposits with the Federal Reserve Bank. Average money market investments were 15.6% of total interest-earning assets, compared to 14.7% in the same prior year period.

See “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” on page 79 for further discussion of how we manage the portfolios of interest-earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities, and the associated risk.

The spread on average interest-bearing funds was 2.98% and 3.00% for the second quarters of 2015 and 2014, respectively. The rate on interest-earning assets in the second quarter of 2015 of 3.42% was 24 bps lower than that in the same prior year period, but the cost on interest-bearing liabilities declined by 22 bps during the same comparable periods.

We expect the mix of interest-earning assets to change over the next several quarters due to slight-to-moderate loan growth in the commercial and industrial portfolios, accompanied by somewhat less growth in commercial real estate loans. In addition, as discussed below, we are incrementally investing in short-to-medium duration U.S. agency pass-through securities that qualify as HQLA; over time we expect these investments to reduce the proportion of earning assets in cash and money market investments, and increase the proportion of AFS securities. Average yields on the loan portfolio may continue to experience modest downward pressure due to competitive pricing, lower benchmark indices (such as LIBOR), and growth in lower-yielding residential mortgages; however, we expect this pressure to be somewhat less compared to the prior two years. We believe that some of the downward pressure on the net interest margin will be mitigated by lower interest expense on reduced levels of long-term debt due to maturities that will occur in the third and fourth quarters of 2015. We also believe we can offset some of the pressure on the net interest margin through loan growth, purchases of AFS securities, and employment of interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges.


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We expect to remain “asset-sensitive” (which refers to net interest income increasing as a result of a rising interest rate environment) with regard to interest rate risk. In response to new liquidity and liquidity stress-testing regulations, which elevate, relative to historic levels, the proportion of HQLA we will be required to hold, we decided in the second half of 2014 to begin deploying cash into short-to-medium duration U.S. agency pass-through securities. In the second quarter of 2015, we purchased HQLA securities of $834 million at amortized cost and we are continuing these purchases. Over time these purchases are expected to somewhat reduce our asset sensitivity compared to previous periods. Our estimates of the Company’s actual interest rate risk position are highly dependent upon a number of assumptions regarding the repricing behavior of various deposit and loan types in response to changes in both short-term and long-term interest rates, balance sheet composition, and other modeling assumptions, as well as the actions of competitors and customers in response to those changes. In addition, our modeled projections for noninterest-bearing demand deposits, a substantial portion of our deposit balances, are particularly reliant on assumptions for which there is little historical experience due to the prolonged period of very low interest rates. Further detail on interest rate risk is discussed in “Interest Rate Risk” on page 79.

The following schedule summarizes the average balances, the amount of interest earned or incurred, and the applicable yields for interest-earning assets and the costs of interest-bearing liabilities that generate taxable-equivalent net interest income.


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CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS, YIELDS AND RATES
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
 
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market investments
$
8,414,602

 
$
5,785

 
0.28
%
 
$
7,503,818

 
$
4,888

 
0.26
%
Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
583,349

 
7,361

 
5.06
%
 
600,392

 
8,040

 
5.37
%
Available-for-sale
4,585,760

 
22,706

 
1.99
%
 
3,355,710

 
17,746

 
2.12
%
Trading account
76,706

 
610

 
3.19
%
 
66,929

 
566

 
3.39
%
Total securities
5,245,815

 
30,677

 
2.35
%
 
4,023,031

 
26,352

 
2.63
%
Loans held for sale
115,377

 
1,002

 
3.48
%
 
113,569

 
1,021

 
3.61
%
Loans and leases 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
21,527,723

 
226,656

 
4.22
%
 
21,151,257

 
232,768

 
4.41
%
Commercial real estate
10,089,092

 
112,472

 
4.47
%
 
10,472,363

 
121,224

 
4.64
%
Consumer
8,514,519

 
82,955

 
3.91
%
 
7,920,196

 
80,857

 
4.09
%
Total loans and leases
40,131,334

 
422,083

 
4.22
%
 
39,543,816

 
434,849

 
4.41
%
Total interest-earning assets
53,907,128

 
459,547

 
3.42
%
 
51,184,234

 
467,110

 
3.66
%
Cash and due from banks
591,347

 
 
 
 
 
919,157

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
(621,348
)
 
 
 
 
 
(734,517
)
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
 
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
Core deposit and other intangibles
22,135

 
 
 
 
 
32,234

 
 
 
 
Other assets
2,564,121

 
 
 
 
 
2,621,036

 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
57,477,512

 
 
 
 
 
$
55,036,273

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Savings and money market
$
24,514,516

 
9,743

 
0.16
%
 
$
23,479,755

 
9,069

 
0.15
%
Time
2,300,593

 
2,464

 
0.43
%
 
2,507,489

 
2,918

 
0.47
%
Foreign
325,640

 
114

 
0.14
%
 
258,234

 
109

 
0.17
%
Total interest-bearing deposits
27,140,749

 
12,321

 
0.18
%
 
26,245,478


12,096

 
0.18
%
Borrowed funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
214,287

 
74

 
0.14
%
 
261,011

 
63

 
0.10
%
Long-term debt
1,081,785

 
19,137

 
7.10
%
 
2,038,810

 
34,749

 
6.84
%
Total borrowed funds
1,296,072

 
19,211

 
5.95
%
 
2,299,821

 
34,812

 
6.07
%
Total interest-bearing liabilities
28,436,821

 
31,532

 
0.44
%
 
28,545,299

 
46,908

 
0.66
%
Noninterest-bearing deposits
20,984,073

 
 
 
 
 
19,213,921

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
559,722

 
 
 
 
 
528,369

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
49,980,616

 
 
 
 
 
48,287,589

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
1,004,031

 
 
 
 
 
1,003,988

 
 
 
 
Common equity
6,492,865

 
 
 
 
 
5,744,696

 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
7,496,896

 
 
 
 
 
6,748,684

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
57,477,512

 
 
 
 
 
$
55,036,273

 
 
 
 
Spread on average interest-bearing funds
 
 
 
 
2.98
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.00
%
Taxable-equivalent net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets
 
 
$
428,015

 
3.18
%
 
 
 
$
420,202

 
3.29
%

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Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
 
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market investments
$
8,215,087

 
$
11,003

 
0.27
%
 
$
7,820,058

 
$
10,018

 
0.26
%
Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
608,001

 
15,356

 
5.09
%
 
593,968

 
16,231

 
5.51
%
Available-for-sale
4,334,279

 
43,479

 
2.02
%
 
3,413,028

 
38,976

 
2.30
%
Trading account
73,327

 
1,208

 
3.32
%
 
62,759

 
1,048

 
3.37
%
Total securities
5,015,607

 
60,043

 
2.41
%
 
4,069,755

 
56,255

 
2.79
%
Loans held for sale
110,356

 
1,916

 
3.50
%
 
135,249

 
2,421

 
3.61
%
Loans and leases 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
21,551,958

 
449,990

 
4.21
%
 
21,030,626

 
459,067

 
4.40
%
Commercial real estate
10,086,995

 
223,285

 
4.46
%
 
10,436,412

 
250,420

 
4.84
%
Consumer
8,516,086

 
165,991

 
3.93
%
 
7,868,303

 
160,337

 
4.11
%
Total loans and leases
40,155,039

 
839,266

 
4.21
%
 
39,335,341

 
869,824

 
4.46
%
Total interest-earning assets
53,496,089

 
912,228

 
3.44
%
 
51,360,403

 
938,518

 
3.68
%
Cash and due from banks
667,062

 
 
 
 
 
978,358

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
(615,324
)
 
 
 
 
 
(740,063
)
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
 
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
Core deposit and other intangibles
23,239

 
 
 
 
 
33,645

 
 
 
 
Other assets
2,564,160

 
 
 
 
 
2,587,357

 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
57,149,355

 
 
 
 
 
$
55,233,829

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Savings and money market
$
24,365,220

 
19,188

 
0.16
%
 
$
23,195,557

 
17,921

 
0.16
%
Time
2,336,344

 
5,002

 
0.43
%
 
2,533,740

 
6,001

 
0.48
%
Foreign
338,684

 
235

 
0.14
%
 
1,000,946

 
953

 
0.19
%
Total interest-bearing deposits
27,040,248

 
24,425

 
0.18
%
 
26,730,243

 
24,875

 
0.19
%
Borrowed funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
217,002

 
152

 
0.14
%
 
255,060

 
130

 
0.10
%
Long-term debt
1,086,718

 
38,055

 
7.06
%
 
2,137,585

 
73,006

 
6.89
%
Total borrowed funds
1,303,720

 
38,207

 
5.91
%
 
2,392,645

 
73,136

 
6.16
%
Total interest-bearing liabilities
28,343,968

 
62,632

 
0.45
%
 
29,122,888

 
98,011

 
0.68
%
Noninterest-bearing deposits
20,765,946

 
 
 
 
 
18,888,605

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
586,091

 
 
 
 
 
547,915

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
49,696,005

 
 
 
 
 
48,559,408

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
1,004,023

 
 
 
 
 
1,003,979

 
 
 
 
Common equity
6,449,327

 
 
 
 
 
5,670,442

 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
7,453,350

 
 
 
 
 
6,674,421

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
57,149,355

 
 
 
 
 
$
55,233,829

 
 
 
 
Spread on average interest-bearing funds
 
 
 
 
2.99
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.01
%
Taxable-equivalent net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets
 
 
$
849,596

 
3.20
%
 
 
 
$
840,507

 
3.30
%
1 
Taxable-equivalent rates used where applicable.
2 
Net of unearned income and fees, net of related costs. Loans include nonaccrual and restructured loans.

Provisions for Credit Losses
The provision for loan losses is the amount of expense that, in our judgment, is required to maintain the allowance for loan losses at an adequate level based on the inherent risks in the loan portfolio. The provision for unfunded lending commitments is used to maintain the reserve for unfunded lending commitments at an adequate level based on the inherent risks associated with such commitments. In determining adequate levels of the allowance and

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reserve, we perform periodic evaluations of our various loan portfolios, the levels of actual charge-offs, credit trends, and external factors. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and “Credit Risk Management” on page 68 for more information on how we determine the appropriate level for the ALLL and the RULC.

During the past few years, we have experienced a significant improvement in credit quality metrics; however, recently we have experienced deterioration in various credit quality metrics primarily related to energy-related loans at Amegy Bank. Overall most credit quality metrics for the second quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period remained relatively stable. Gross loan and lease charge-offs increased to $31 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to $23 million in the same prior year period. However, we had gross recoveries of $20 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to $17 million in the same prior year period.

Nonperforming assets increased to $386 million at June 30, 2015 from $326 million at December 31, 2014. The ratio of nonperforming assets to loans and leases and other real estate owned increased to 0.96% at June 30, 2015 from 0.81% at December 31, 2014. Classified loans increased to $1.3 billion at June 30, 2015 from $1.1 billion at December 31, 2014. Approximately 85% of classified loans at June 30, 2015 were current as to principal and interest payments, compared to 83% at December 31, 2014. Classified loans are loans with well-defined credit weaknesses that are risk graded Substandard or Doubtful.

The allowance for loan losses increased by approximately $5 million since December 31, 2014, primarily as a result of the deterioration of credit quality metrics in the energy portfolio. The recent deterioration in credit quality metrics in the energy portfolio has been generally offset by improvements in credit quality in the remainder of the loan and lease portfolio, resulting in a provision of $0.6 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to a provision of $(54.4) million in the second quarter of 2014. The negative provision in the second quarter of 2014 was due to the continued improvement in portfolio-specific credit quality metrics and sustained improvement in broader economic and credit quality indicators. During the second quarter of 2015, we did not increase our energy-related reserve, although we did transfer some of the qualitative portion of the reserve to the quantitative portion of the reserve as a result of the modest increase in classified loans. We continue to exercise caution with regard to the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses, given the state of the economy and the sensitivity of its energy loan portfolio to oil and gas prices. Refer to the “Energy-Related Exposure” section on page 69 for more information.

During the second quarter of 2015, we recorded a $(2.3) million provision for unfunded lending commitments compared to $6.8 million in the second quarter of 2014. The negative provision in the second quarter of 2015 was primarily due to the closing of an impaired unfunded commitment and the reduction of energy-related commitments. From quarter to quarter, the provision for unfunded lending commitments may be subject to sizable fluctuations due to changes in the timing and volume of loan commitments, originations, funding, and changes in credit quality.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income represents revenues we earn for products and services that have no associated interest rate or yield. For the second quarter of 2015, noninterest income was $0.4 million, compared to $124.8 million for the same prior year period. The $124.4 million decrease was primarily attributable to a one-time loss of approximately $137 million from the sale of the remaining CDO portfolio. The following are major components of noninterest income line items impacting the first quarter change.
Other service charges, commissions and fees, which are comprised of ATM fees, insurance commissions, bankcard merchant fees, debit and credit card interchange fees, cash management fees, lending commitment fees, syndication and servicing fees, and other miscellaneous fees, increased by $3.7 million in the second quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period. The increase was primarily due to increased interchange and merchant fees from commercial credit cards and from interest rate swap management fees.


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Fair value and nonhedge derivative income (loss) represents the fair value gains and losses from nonhedge credit derivatives. Fair value and nonhedge derivative income (loss) improved by $3.8 million to a gain of $1.8 million in the second quarter of 2015 from a loss of $1.9 million in the second quarter of 2014.

Fixed income securities gains were a net loss of $138.4 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to net gains of $5.0 million in the second quarter of 2014. The decrease resulted from the sale of the remaining portfolio of CDO securities for a loss of approximately $136.8 million.
Other noninterest income increased to $5.7 million during the second quarter of 2015 from $0.7 million during the same prior year period. The increase was driven by a $2.4 million gain on sale of a branch in California and an increase in income from SBA interest-only assets.

For the first six months of 2015, noninterest income decreased by $140.9 million, compared to the first six months of 2014. The decrease was primarily a result of a one-time loss related to the sale of CDO securities, resulting in a decline of $174.6 million in fixed securities gains compared to the first six months of 2014. These losses were partially offset by an increase in other service charges, commissions and fees and in fair value and nonhedge derivative income, as explained previously.

The only other significant item impacting the first six months of 2015 not previously discussed is income from equity securities. Equity securities gains for the first six months of 2015 increased by $4.8 million, compared to the first six months of 2014. The increase is primarily related to higher amounts of realized gains related to our SBIC equity investments.

Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense decreased by $1.9 million, or 0.5%, to $404.1 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period. The decline in noninterest expense was primarily caused by a decline in other noninterest expense and the provisions for unfunded lending commitments. The decline was partially offset by increases in salaries and employee benefits. The following are major components of noninterest expense line items impacting the second quarter change.
Salaries and employee benefits increased by $12.4 million, or 5.2%, during the second quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period. Most of the increase in salaries and employee benefits can be attributed to higher base salaries even though the number of full-time equivalent employees declined by 271 in the second quarter of 2015 compared to the second quarter of 2014. Our overall headcount was 10,265 full-time equivalent employees as of June 30, 2015, compared to 10,536 at June 30, 2014. Staff reductions, primarily at several affiliate banks, were partially offset by increased headcount in specific areas, including our major systems projects, compliance, and build-out of enterprise risk management and stress-testing functions.
Other noninterest expense for the second quarter of 2015 was $53.3 million, compared to $66.9 million for the same prior year period. The decrease is largely due to $9.2 million of insurance recoveries primarily related to a prior legal settlement at The Commerce Bank of Washington. The decrease in noninterest expense was also due to decreased write-downs of the FDIC indemnification asset. The balance of FDIC-supported/PCI loans has declined significantly since the second quarter of 2014, primarily due to paydowns and payoffs. We do not expect significant write-downs of the FDIC indemnification asset in 2015.

For the first six months of 2015, noninterest expense decreased by $2.5 million, compared to the first six months of 2014. The decrease was primarily related to a decrease of $27.8 million in other noninterest expense for the first six months of 2015, compared to the first six months of 2014, as a result of decreased write-downs of the FDIC indemnification asset. Additionally, the provision for unfunded lending commitments decreased $6.9 million for the first six months of 2015, compared to the first six months of 2014. The decrease in noninterest expense for the first six months of 2015, compared to the first six months of 2014, was partially offset by a $22.5 million increase in salaries and employee benefits for similar reasons explained previously.

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We plan to hold noninterest expense to below $1.6 billion, adjusted for certain expense items, in 2015 and 2016, with a slight increase in 2017. The expense items that we exclude from the targeted noninterest expense of $1.6 billion are the same as those excluded in arriving at the efficiency ratio (see “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” on page 89 for more information regarding the calculation of the efficiency ratio).

Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the second quarter of 2015 was $5.5 million, compared to $70.0 million for the same period in 2014. The effective income tax rates were 28.3% for the second quarter of 2015 and 36.9% for the same period in 2014. The tax rate for the second quarter of 2015 was lower compared to the same period in 2014 due to an increase in the proportion of nontaxable items relative to pretax income as well as the 2014 accrual of $2.3 million of interest expense reflected in tax expense. The year-to-date tax rates for 2015 and 2014 were similarly impacted by the previously discussed permanent items.
We had a net deferred tax asset (“DTA”) balance of $202 million at June 30, 2015, compared to $224 million at December 31, 2014. The decrease in the DTA resulted primarily from the payout of accrued compensation and the realization of losses related to the sale of CDO securities in the second quarter of 2015. The decrease in the DTA was partially offset by decreases in deferred tax liabilities related to premises and equipment and the deferred gain on the Company’s 2009 debt exchange.

BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS
Interest-Earning Assets
Interest-earning assets are those assets that have interest rates or yields associated with them. One of our goals is to maintain a high level of interest-earning assets relative to total assets while keeping nonearning assets at a minimum. Interest-earning assets consist of money market investments, securities, loans, and leases.

The schedule referred to in our discussion of net interest income includes the average balances of our interest earning assets, the amount of revenue generated by them, and their respective yields. Another goal is to maintain a higher-yielding mix of interest-earning assets, such as loans, relative to lower-yielding assets, such as money market investments or securities, while maintaining adequate levels of highly liquid assets. The current period of slow economic growth accompanied by the moderate loan demand experienced in recent quarters has made it difficult to achieve these goals. In 2014, we began to incrementally deploy some of our excess cash into short-to-medium duration pass-through U.S. agency securities that qualify as HQLA under new LCR and liquidity stress-testing regulations. As a result of this, in the second quarter of 2015, we purchased $834 million at amortized cost of HQLA securities and are continuing these purchases.

Average interest-earning assets were $53.5 billion for the first six months of 2015, compared to $51.4 billion for the first six months of 2014. Average interest-earning assets as a percentage of total average assets for the first six months of 2015 were 93.6%, compared to 93.0% in the corresponding prior year period.

Average loans and leases were $40.2 billion and $39.3 billion for the first six months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Average loans and leases as a percentage of total average assets for the first six months of 2015 were 70.3%, compared to 71.2% in the corresponding prior year period.

Average money market investments, consisting of interest-bearing deposits, federal funds sold, and security resell agreements, increased by 5.1% to $8.2 billion for the first six months of 2015, compared to $7.8 billion for the first six months of 2014. Average securities increased by 23.2% for the first six months of 2015 compared to the first six months of 2014. Average total deposits increased by 4.8% resulting from an increase in noninterest-bearing deposits and savings and money market deposits, while average loans and leases increased by 2.1% for the first six months of 2015, compared to the same period of 2014. The increase in securities growth was due to an increase in the

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purchase of U.S. agency pass-through securities in efforts to deploy cash incrementally into HQLA securities that currently have a higher yield than money market investments, and to manage our asset sensitivity. Loan growth increased in the first quarter of 2015 as a result of increases in the commercial and industrial and CRE portfolios, but declined in the second quarter. The decrease was primarily attributable to commercial and industrial loans, including a decline in energy-related loans during the second quarter of 2015 primarily at Amegy Bank, due to elevated levels of prepayments, in particular with energy-related loans.

Investment Securities Portfolio
We invest in securities to actively manage liquidity and interest rate risk, in addition to generating revenues for the Company. Refer to the “Liquidity Risk Management” section on page 83 for additional information on management of liquidity and funding and compliance with Basel III and LCR requirements. The following schedule presents a profile of our investment securities portfolio. The amortized cost amounts represent the original cost of the investments, adjusted for related accumulated amortization or accretion of any yield adjustments, and for impairment losses, including credit-related impairment. The estimated fair value measurement levels and methodology are discussed in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

INVESTMENT SECURITIES PORTFOLIO
 
 
June 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(In millions)
 
 
Amortized
cost
 
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Amortized
cost
 
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
 
$
571

 
$
571

 
$
578

 
$
608

 
$
608

 
$
620

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance

 

 

 
79

 
39

 
57

 
 
571

 
571

 
578

 
687

 
647

 
677

Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
 
661

 
650

 
650

 
607

 
601

 
601

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
2,001

 
2,002

 
2,002

 
935

 
945

 
945

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
1,653

 
1,662

 
1,662

 
1,544

 
1,552

 
1,552

Municipal securities
 
202

 
203

 
203

 
189

 
189

 
189

Other debt securities
 
26

 
24

 
24

 

 

 

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance

 

 

 
538

 
415

 
415

Other
 

 

 

 
6

 
6

 
6

 
 
4,543

 
4,541

 
4,541

 
3,819

 
3,708

 
3,708

Money market mutual funds and other
 
112

 
112

 
112

 
137

 
136

 
136

 
 
4,655

 
4,653

 
4,653

 
3,956

 
3,844

 
3,844

Total
 
$
5,226

 
$
5,224

 
$
5,231

 
$
4,643

 
$
4,491

 
$
4,521


The amortized cost of investment securities at June 30, 2015 increased by 12.6% from the balances at December 31, 2014, primarily due to purchases of agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. There were additional increases in agency securities and Small Business Administration loan-backed securities. These increases were partially offset by the sale of the remaining CDO portfolio during the second quarter.

During the first quarter of 2015, we reclassified all of the remaining held-to-maturity (“HTM”) CDO securities, or approximately $79 million at amortized cost, to available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities. See Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion regarding this reclassification.

As of June 30, 2015, under the GAAP fair value accounting hierarchy, 2.2% of the $4.7 billion fair value of the AFS securities portfolio was valued at Level 1, 97.8% was valued at Level 2, and there were no Level 3 AFS securities as a result of the sale of the remaining CDO securities. At December 31, 2014, 2.7% of the $3.8 billion fair value of

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AFS securities portfolio was valued at Level 1, 86.8% was valued at Level 2, and 10.5% was valued at Level 3. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of fair value accounting.

Exposure to State and Local Governments
We provide multiple products and services to state and local governments (referred together as “municipalities”), including deposit services, loans, and investment banking services, and we invest in securities issued by the municipalities.
The following schedule summarizes our exposure to state and local municipalities:
MUNICIPALITIES
 
(In millions)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and leases
 
$
589

 
 
 
$
521

 
Held-to-maturity – municipal securities
 
571

 
 
 
608

 
Available-for-sale – municipal securities
 
202

 
 
 
189

 
Available-for-sale – auction rate securities
 

 
 
 
5

 
Trading account – municipal securities
 
55

 
 
 
53

 
Unfunded lending commitments
 
69

 
 
 
58

 
Total direct exposure to municipalities
 
$
1,486

 
 
 
$
1,434

 

At June 30, 2015, $1.0 million of loans to one municipality were on nonaccrual. A significant amount of the municipal loan and lease portfolio is secured by real estate and equipment, and approximately 86% of the outstanding credits were originated by CB&T, Zions Bank, Vectra, and NBAZ. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about the credit quality of these municipal loans.
All municipal securities are reviewed quarterly for OTTI; see Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. HTM securities consist of unrated bonds issued by small local government entities and are purchased through private placements, often in situations in which one of our subsidiaries has acted as a financial advisor to the municipality. Prior to purchase, the issuers of municipal securities are evaluated by the Company for their creditworthiness, and some of the securities are guaranteed by third parties. As of June 30, 2015, the AFS municipal securities were issued by issuers with investment-grade ratings from one or more major credit rating agencies. We also underwrite municipal bonds and sell most of them to third party investors.
Foreign Exposure and Operations
We have de minimis credit exposure to foreign sovereign risks and we do not believe our total foreign credit exposure is material. We also do not have significant foreign exposure to derivative counterparties. Foreign loans to non-sovereign entities consist primarily of commercial and industrial loans and totaled $160 million at June 30, 2015 and $144 million at December 31, 2014.

Our foreign operations are comprised of Amegy Bank operating a branch in Grand Cayman, Grand Cayman Islands, B.W.I. Amegy Bank’s foreign branch only accepts deposits from qualified domestic customers. While deposits in this branch are not subject to FRB reserve requirements, there are no federal or state income tax benefits to the Company as a result of these operations. Foreign deposits were $372 million at June 30, 2015 and $328 million at December 31, 2014.

Loan Portfolio
For the first six months of 2015 and 2014, average loans and leases accounted for 70.3% and 71.2%, respectively, of total average assets. As presented in the following schedule, commercial and industrial loans were the largest category and constituted 32.8% of our loan portfolio at June 30, 2015.

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LOAN PORTFOLIO
 
June 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(Amounts in millions)
Amount
 
% of
total loans
 
Amount
 
% of
total loans
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,111

 
32.8
%
 
$
13,163

 
32.9
%
Leasing
402

 
1.0

 
409

 
1.0

Owner occupied
7,277

 
18.2

 
7,351

 
18.3

Municipal
589

 
1.4

 
521

 
1.3

Total commercial
21,379

 
53.4

 
21,444

 
53.5

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,062

 
5.2

 
1,986

 
5.0

Term
8,058

 
20.1

 
8,127

 
20.3

Total commercial real estate
10,120

 
25.3

 
10,113

 
25.3

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,348

 
5.9

 
2,321

 
5.8

1-4 family residential
5,194

 
13.0

 
5,201

 
13.0

Construction and other consumer real estate
372

 
0.9

 
371

 
0.9

Bankcard and other revolving plans
409

 
1.0

 
401

 
1.0

Other
202

 
0.5

 
213

 
0.5

Total consumer
8,525

 
21.3

 
8,507

 
21.2

Total net loans
$
40,024

 
100.0
%
 
$
40,064

 
100.0
%

Net loans and leases slightly decreased to $40.0 billion at June 30, 2015 from $40.1 billion at December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily attributable to commercial and industrial loans, including a decline in energy-related loans during the second quarter of 2015 primarily at Amegy Bank. This decrease was consistent with expectations of reduced loan volume within the energy industry. Refer to the “Energy-Related Exposure” section on page 69 for more information. Excluding energy-related loans, net loans and leases increased during the second quarter of 2015.
Most of the loan portfolio growth during the first six months of 2015 occurred in municipal, commercial construction and land development, and home equity credit line loans. The impact of these increases was partially offset by decreases in commercial and industrial, commercial owner occupied, and commercial real estate term loans. The loan portfolio increased primarily at NBAZ and Vectra, while balances declined at Amegy Bank, CB&T, NSB, and Zions Bank.
Commercial owner occupied loans declined due primarily to the runoff and attrition of the National Real Estate portfolio at Zions Bank, which is expected to continue throughout 2015. The National Real Estate business is a wholesale business that depends on loan referrals from other community banking institutions. Due to generally soft loan demand nationally, many community banking institutions are retaining, rather than selling, their loan production.
We expect slight-to-moderate overall loan and lease growth during the rest of 2015. We also expect to continue to limit construction and land development loan commitment growth for the foreseeable future as part of management’s actions to improve the risk profile of the Company’s loans and to reduce portfolio concentration risk.

Since 2009, CB&T and NSB have had loss sharing agreements with the FDIC that provided indemnification for credit losses of acquired loans and foreclosed assets up to specified thresholds. The last of the agreements for commercial loans, which comprised the major portion of the acquired portfolio, expired as of September 30, 2014. The agreements for 1-4 family residential loans will expire in 2019. In previous periods, the FDIC-supported loan balances were presented separately in schedules within MD&A and in other disclosures, and included PCI loans, as discussed in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Due to declining balances, for all periods presented herein, the FDIC-supported/PCI loans have been reclassified to their respective loan segments and classes.


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Other Noninterest-Bearing Investments
The following schedule sets forth the Company’s other noninterest-bearing investments:
OTHER NONINTEREST-BEARING INVESTMENTS
(In millions)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
$
480

 
 
 
$
476

 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
93

 
 
 
104

 
Federal Reserve stock
 
121

 
 
 
121

 
Farmer Mac stock
 
30

 
 
 
26

 
SBIC investments
 
102

 
 
 
86

 
Non-SBIC investment funds
 
29

 
 
 
44

 
Others
 
8

 
 
 
9

 
 
 
$
863

 
 
 
$
866

 

Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment increased $27 million, or 3.2%, during the first six months of 2015 due to capitalized costs associated with the development of a new corporate facility for our subsidiary, Amegy Bank in Texas, and additionally from the capitalization of eligible costs related to the development of new lending, deposit and reporting systems.

Deposits
Deposits, both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing, are a primary source of funding for the Company. Average total deposits for the first six months of 2015 increased by 4.8%, compared to the first six months of 2014, with average interest-bearing deposits increasing by 1.2% and average noninterest-bearing deposits increasing by 9.9%. The increase in noninterest-bearing deposits was largely driven by increased deposits from business customers. The average interest rate paid for interest-bearing deposits was 1 bp lower during the second quarter of 2015, compared to the second quarter of 2014.

Deposits at June 30, 2015, excluding time deposits larger than $100,000 and brokered deposits, increased by 2.6%, or $1.2 billion, from December 31, 2014. The increase was mainly due to an increase in noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing domestic savings and money market, and a slight increase in foreign deposits, offset by a decrease in time deposits.

Demand and savings and money market deposits were 94.6% and 94.3% of total deposits at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

During the first and second quarters of 2015, and throughout 2014, we maintained a low level of brokered deposits with the primary purpose of keeping that funding source available in case of a future need. At June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, total deposits included $102 million and $108 million, respectively, of brokered deposits.
See “Liquidity Risk Management” on page 83 for additional information on funding and borrowed funds.

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RISK ELEMENTS
Since risk is inherent in substantially all of the Company’s operations, management of risk is an integral part of its operations and is also a key determinant of its overall performance. The Board of Directors has appointed a Risk Oversight Committee (“ROC”) that consists of appointed Board members who oversee the Company’s risk management processes. The ROC monitors and performs oversight for various risk activities. Management applies various strategies to reduce the risks to which the Company’s operations are exposed, including credit, interest rate and market, liquidity, and operational risks.

Credit Risk Management
Credit risk is the possibility of loss from the failure of a borrower, guarantor, or another obligor to fully perform under the terms of a credit-related contract. Credit risk arises primarily from the Company’s lending activities, as well as from off-balance sheet credit instruments.

The Board of Directors, through the ROC, is responsible for approving the overall policies relating to the management of the credit risk of the Company. In addition, the ROC oversees and monitors adherence to key policies and the credit risk appetite which is defined in the Risk Appetite Framework. Centralized oversight of credit risk is provided through credit policies, credit administration, and credit examination functions at the Parent. We separate the lending function from the credit administration function, which strengthens control over, and the independent evaluation of, credit activities. Formal loan policies and procedures provide the Company with a framework for consistent underwriting and a basis for sound credit decisions at the local subsidiary bank level. In addition, we have a well-defined set of standards for evaluating our loan portfolio and we utilize a comprehensive loan grading system to determine the risk potential in the portfolio. Furthermore, an independent internal credit examination department periodically conducts examinations of the Company’s lending departments. These examinations are designed to review credit quality, adequacy of documentation, appropriate loan grading administration, and compliance with lending policies. Reports are submitted to management and to the ROC on a regular basis. New, expanded, or modified products and services, as well as new lines of business, are approved by the corporate New Product Review Committee.

Both the credit policy and the credit examination functions are managed centrally. Each subsidiary bank can be more conservative in its operations under the corporate credit policy; however, formal corporate approval must be obtained if a bank wishes to invoke a more liberal policy. Historically, there have been only a limited number of such approvals. This entire process has been designed to place an emphasis on strong underwriting standards and early detection of potential problem credits in order to develop and implement action plans on a timely basis to mitigate any potential losses.

Our credit risk management strategy includes diversification of our loan portfolio. We attempt to avoid the risk of an undue concentration of credits in a particular collateral type or with an individual customer or counterparty. Generally, our loan portfolio is well diversified; however, due to the nature of our geographical footprint, there are certain significant concentrations primarily in CRE and energy-related lending. We have adopted and adhere to concentration limits on various types of CRE lending, particularly construction and land development lending, leveraged lending, municipal lending, and energy-related lending. All of these limits are continually monitored and revised as necessary. During 2014, we determined to further reduce construction and land development loan commitments. This was done largely as a result of the modeled losses by the Company and management’s beliefs about the likely severity of losses modeled by the FRB in its stress testing, under the severely adverse economic scenarios, as required under the Dodd-Frank Act. Our business activity is primarily with customers located within the geographical footprint of our subsidiary banks.

The credit quality of our loan portfolio remained generally strong during the first six months of 2015, although we have recently experienced deterioration in various credit quality metrics primarily related to energy-related loans at Amegy Bank. Nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans and leases and OREO increased slightly to 0.96% at June 30, 2015, compared to 0.81% at December 31, 2014. Gross charge-offs for the second quarter of 2015 declined

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to $31.0 million from $35.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2014. Net charge-offs decreased to $11.2 million from $17.2 million for the same periods.

Government Agency Guaranteed Loans
We participate in various guaranteed lending programs sponsored by U.S. government agencies, such as the Small Business Administration, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Federal Housing Authority, Veterans’ Administration, Export-Import Bank of the U.S., and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. As of June 30, 2015, the guaranteed portion of these loans was approximately $416 million. Most of these loans were guaranteed by the Small Business Administration.
The following schedule presents the composition of government agency guaranteed loans.
GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES
(Amounts in millions)
June 30,
2015
 
Percent
guaranteed
 
December 31,
2014
 
Percent
guaranteed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
513

 
 
 
76
%
 
 
 
$
539

 
 
 
76
%
 
Commercial real estate
 
17

 
 
 
77

 
 
 
19

 
 
 
77

 
Consumer
 
16

 
 
 
87

 
 
 
17

 
 
 
86

 
Total loans
 
$
546

 
 
 
76

 
 
 
$
575

 
 
 
76

 

Commercial Lending
The following schedule provides selected information regarding lending concentrations to certain industries in our commercial lending portfolio.
COMMERCIAL LENDING BY INDUSTRY GROUP
 
June 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(Amounts in millions)
Amount
 
Percent
 
Amount
 
Percent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate, rental and leasing
$
2,472

 
11.6
%
 
$
2,418

 
11.4
%
Manufacturing
2,343

 
11.0

 
2,305

 
10.7

Mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction 1
2,081

 
9.7

 
2,277

 
10.6

Retail trade
1,985

 
9.3

 
1,924

 
9.0

Wholesale trade
1,699

 
7.9

 
1,638

 
7.6

Healthcare and social assistance
1,322

 
6.2

 
1,347

 
6.3

Transportation and warehousing
1,201

 
5.6

 
1,294

 
6.0

Finance and insurance
1,186

 
5.5

 
1,168

 
5.5

Construction
1,073

 
5.0

 
1,027

 
4.8

Accommodation and food services
978

 
4.6

 
911

 
4.2

Professional, scientific and technical services
934

 
4.4

 
884

 
4.1

Other 2
4,105

 
19.2

 
4,251

 
19.8

Total
$
21,379

 
100.0
%
 
$
21,444

 
100.0
%
1 
Certain energy-related market segments (e.g. energy services) are also represented in other industry groups within this schedule.
2 No other industry group exceeds 4%.

Energy-Related Exposure
Various industries represented in the previous schedule, including mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction; manufacturing; and transportation and warehousing, contain certain loans we categorize as energy-related. At June 30, 2015, we had approximately $5.5 billion of total energy-related credit exposure and $2.9 billion of primarily oil and gas energy-related loan balances.

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The distribution of energy-related loans by customer market segment is shown in the following schedule:

ENERGY-RELATED EXPOSURE 1 
(Amounts in millions)
 
June 30, 2015
 
% of total loans
 
March 31, 2015
 
% of total loans
 
December 31, 2014
 
% of total loans
Loans and leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas-related
 
$
2,883

 
7.2
%
 
$
3,157

 
7.9
%
 
$
3,073

 
7.7
%
Alternative energy
 
222

 
 
 
232

 
 
 
225

 
 
Total loans and leases
 
3,105

 
 
 
3,389

 
 
 
3,298

 
 
Unfunded lending commitments
 
2,403

 
 
 
2,451

 
 
 
2,731

 
 
Total credit exposure
 
$
5,508

 
 
 
$
5,840

 
 
 
$
6,029

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments
 
$
18

 
 
 
$
20

 
 
 
$
21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distribution of oil and gas-related balances
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Upstream – exploration and production
 
33
%
 
 
 
34
%
 
 
 
34
%
 
 
Midstream – marketing and transportation
 
20

 
 
 
21

 
 
 
19

 
 
Downstream – refining
 
5

 
 
 
4

 
 
 
4

 
 
Other non-services
 
3

 
 
 
2

 
 
 
2

 
 
Oilfield services
 
30

 
 
 
30

 
 
 
31

 
 
Energy service manufacturing
 
9

 
 
 
9

 
 
 
10

 
 
Total loans and leases
 
100
%
 
 
 
100
%
 
 
 
100
%
 
 
1 
Because many borrowers operate in multiple businesses, judgment has been applied in characterizing a borrower as energy-related, including a particular segment of energy-related activity, e.g., upstream or downstream.
As of June 30, 2015, our overall balance of oil and gas-related loans decreased 8.9% to $2.9 billion from March 31, 2015, compared to an increase of 2.7% to $3.2 billion as of March 31, 2015 from December 31, 2014. In the second quarter of 2015, exploration and production loan balances decreased approximately 11.6%, compared to an increase of 2.6% during the first quarter of 2015. Energy service loan balances declined 7.6% in the second quarter of 2015 compared to a decrease of 3.9% in the first quarter of 2015. Unfunded energy-related lending commitments declined by $48 million, or 1.8%, during the second quarter of 2015 and declined $280 million, or 10.3% during the first quarter of 2015.

Our assessment of credit quality of the energy loan portfolio was consistent with the first quarter. The results of the shared national credit exam are reflected in our financial statements. At June 30, 2015, approximately $66 million, or 2.1%, of the energy-related loan balances were nonaccruing, which is largely unchanged from March 31, 2015, when $65 million, or 1.9%, were nonaccruing. Approximately 87% of energy-related nonaccruing loans were current as to principal and interest payments at June 30, 2015, slightly down from approximately 93% of the March 31, 2015 energy-related nonaccruing loans. Classified energy-related credits increased to $325 million at June 30, 2015, from $295 million at March 31, 2015. The pattern of a significant increase in graded or classified energy loans as well as the increase in nonaccrual energy loans is generally consistent with prior cycles.

Our historical energy lending performance has been strong despite significant volatility in both oil and natural gas prices. Losses following the 2008-2009 period of oil and gas price declines and volatility were modest. Energy-related classified loans increased significantly during this last economic downturn, nonperforming loans increased much more modestly, and annual losses were relatively minor (approximately 1% in the peak year of 2010). Our cumulative energy-related net charge-offs over the last five years have been lower than the cumulative net loss rate of general commercial and industrial lending during that same period.


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Upstream
Upstream exploration and production loans comprised approximately 33% of the energy-related exposure at June 30, 2015, compared to 34% at December 31, 2014. Many upstream borrowers have relatively balanced production between oil and gas.

We use disciplined underwriting practices to mitigate the risk associated with upstream lending activities. Upstream loans are made to reserve-based borrowers where more than 90% of those loans are collateralized by the value of the borrower’s oil and gas reserves. Our oil and gas price deck, the pricing applied to a borrower’s reserves for underwriting purposes, has generally been below the NYMEX strip, i.e., the average of the daily settlement prices of the next 12 months’ futures contracts. Through the use of independent Company and third party engineers and conservative underwriting, we apply multiple discounts. These discounts often range from 10-40% of the value of the collateral in determining the borrowing base (commitment), and help protect credit quality against significant commodity price declines. Further, reserve-based commitments are subject to a borrowing base redetermination based on then-current energy prices, typically every six months. Generally, we have, at our option, the right to conduct additional redeterminations during the year. Borrowing bases for clients are usually set at 60-70% of available collateral after an adjustment for the discounts described above.

At June 30, 2015, as a result of the spring 2015 redetermination of exploration and production energy loan borrowing bases, the borrowing base for total exploration and production commitments, including new commitments, declined approximately 9% since the fall 2014 redetermination. A limited number of borrowers experienced an increase in borrowing base due to factors such as the development of additional reserves.

Upstream borrowers generally do not draw the maximum available funding on their lines, which provides the borrower additional liquidity and flexibility. The line utilization rate for upstream borrowers was approximately 61% at June 30, 2015, compared to 64% at March 31, 2015. This unused commitment gives us the ability in some cases to reduce the borrowing base commitment through the redetermination process without creating a borrowing base deficiency (where outstanding debt exceeds the new borrowing base). Nevertheless, our loan agreements generally require the borrowers to maintain a certain amount of equity. Therefore, if the loan to collateral value exceeds an acceptable limit, we work with the borrowers to reinstate an acceptable collateral-value threshold.

An additional metric we consider in our underwriting is a borrower’s oil and gas price hedging practices. A considerable portion of our reserve-based borrowers are hedged. Of the upstream borrower’s risk-based estimated oil production projected in 2015, approximately 58% is hedged based on weighted average commitments and the latest data provided by the borrowers.

Midstream
Midstream marketing and transportation loans comprised approximately 20% of our energy-related exposure as of June 30, 2015, compared to 19% as of December 31, 2014. Loans in this segment are made to companies that gather, transport, treat and blend oil and natural gas, or that provide services to similar companies. The assets owned by these borrowers, which make this activity possible, are field-level gathering systems (small diameter pipe), pipelines (medium/large diameter pipe), tanks, trucks, rail cars, various water-based vessels and natural gas treatment plants. Our midstream loans are secured by these assets, unless the borrower is rated investment-grade. A significant portion of our midstream borrowers’ revenues are derived from fee-based contracts, giving them limited exposure to commodity price risk. Since lower oil and gas prices slow the drilling and development of new oil and natural gas, but do not normally result in significant numbers of producing wells being shut in, volumes of oil and gas flowing through midstream systems usually remain relatively stable throughout oil and natural gas price cycles. During the 2008-2009 period of oil and gas price volatility, classified loans in the midstream segment peaked at a lower level than the upstream and energy services segments.


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Energy Services
Energy service loans, which include oilfield services and energy service manufacturing comprised approximately 39% of our energy-related exposure as of June 30, 2015, compared to 41% as of December 31, 2014. Energy service loans include borrowers that have a concentration of revenues in the energy industry. However, many of these borrowers provide a broad range of products and services to the energy industry and are not subject to the same volatility as new drilling activities. Many of these borrowers are diversified geographically and service both oil and gas-related drilling and production.
For energy service loans, underwriting criteria require lower leverage to compensate for the cyclical nature of the industry. During the underwriting process, we use sensitivity analysis to consider revenue and cash flow impacts resulting from oil and gas price cycles. Generally, we underwrite energy service loans to withstand a 20-50% decline in cash flows, with higher discounts for those borrowers subject to greater cyclicality.

Risk Management of the Energy-Related Portfolio
We apply concentration limits and disciplined underwriting to the entire energy-related portfolio to limit our risk exposure. Concentration limits on energy-related lending, coupled with adherence to our underwriting standards, served to constrain loan growth during the past several quarters. As an indicator of the diversity of our energy-related portfolio’s size, the average amount of our commitments is approximately $7 million, with approximately 64% of the commitments less than $30 million. The portfolio contains only senior loans – no junior or second lien positions; additionally, we cautiously approach making first-lien loans to borrowers that employ excessive leverage through the use of junior lien loans or unsecured layers of debt. Approximately 90% of the total energy-related portfolio is secured by reserves, equipment, real estate, and other collateral, or a combination of collateral types. Lending arrangements that are not secured are generally to investment-grade borrowers.
We participate as a lender in loans and commitments designated as Shared National Credits (“SNCs”), which are generally larger and more diversified borrowers that have better access to capital markets. SNCs are loans or loan commitments of at least $20 million that are shared by three or more federally supervised institutions. The percentage of SNCs is approximately 81% of the upstream portfolio, 79% of the midstream portfolio, and 50% of the energy services portfolio. Our bankers have direct access and contact with the management of these SNC borrowers, and as such, are active participants. In many cases, we provide ancillary banking services to these borrowers, further evidencing this direct relationship.
As a secondary source of support, many of our energy-related borrowers have access to capital markets and private equity sources. Private sponsors tend to be large funds, often with assets under management of more than $1 billion, managed by individuals with a great deal of energy expertise and experience and who have successfully managed energy investments through previous energy price cycles. The investors in the funds are primarily institutional investors, such as large pensions, foundations, trusts, and high net worth family offices.
During the second quarter of 2015, a number of our energy-related lending customers took significant steps to mitigate risk, including paydowns resulting from refinancing that was driven in part by stronger capital markets activities within the energy sector (including issuance of additional public and private equity and debt).
We expect some further downgrades in the energy portfolio as we begin to see second and third quarter results from the oilfield services companies, although we have generally reserved for these downgrades. The deterioration of energy credits is transpiring consistently with, and somewhat better than, our outlook and expectations from the fourth quarter of 2014; although, future energy price volatility may result in further credit deterioration. When establishing the level of the allowance for credit losses, we consider multiple factors, including reduced drilling activity and additional capital raises. Since September 30, 2014, when energy prices began to decline significantly, Amegy Bank has increased its allowance for credit losses by $54 million. During the second quarter of 2015, we did not increase our energy-related reserve, although we did transfer some of the qualitative portion of the reserve to the quantitative portion of the reserve as a result of the modest increase in classified loans.

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Commercial Real Estate Loans
Selected information indicative of credit quality regarding our CRE loan portfolio is presented in the following schedule.

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE PORTFOLIO BY LOAN TYPE AND COLLATERAL LOCATION
(Amounts in millions)
 
Collateral Location
 
 
 
 
Loan type
 
As of
date
 
Arizona
 
California
 
Colorado
 
Nevada
 
Texas
 
Utah/
Idaho
 
Wash-ington
 
Other 1
 
Total
 
% of 
total
CRE
Commercial term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance outstanding
 
6/30/2015
 
$
1,165

 
$
2,745

 
$
406

 
$
540

 
$
1,253

 
$
1,109

 
$
254

 
$
586

 
$
8,058

 
79.6
%
% of loan type
 
 
 
14.4
%
 
34.1
%
 
5.0
%
 
6.7
%
 
15.5
%
 
13.8
%
 
3.2
%
 
7.3
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
Delinquency rates 2:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-89 days
 
6/30/2015
 
0.2
%
 
%
 
0.4
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.4
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.1
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
0.4
%
 
%
 
0.6
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.2
%
 
 
≥ 90 days
 
6/30/2015
 
0.2
%
 
0.4
%
 
1.8
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.6
%
 
0.7
%
 
0.4
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
0.1
%
 
0.6
%
 
%
 
0.6
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.3
%
 
1.0
%
 
0.4
%
 
 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
6/30/2015
 
$

 
$
12

 
$

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
3

 
$
2

 
$

 
$
18

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 
12

 

 
4

 

 
3

 
1

 

 
20

 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
6/30/2015
 
$
6

 
$
5

 
$
8

 
$
3

 
$
5

 
$
5

 
$

 
$
11

 
$
43

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
2

 
8

 
1

 
1

 
2

 
1

 

 
10

 
25

 
 
Residential construction and land development
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance outstanding
 
6/30/2015
 
$
64

 
$
320

 
$
57

 
$
10

 
$
253

 
$
64

 
$
11

 
$
36

 
$
815

 
8.1
%
% of loan type
 
 
 
7.9
%
 
39.3
%
 
7.0
%
 
1.2
%
 
31.0
%
 
7.9
%
 
1.3
%
 
4.4
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
Delinquency rates 2:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-89 days
 
6/30/2015
 
%
 
%
 
1.6
%
 
%
 
1.1
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.4
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
 
≥ 90 days
 
6/30/2015
 
0.3
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
1.4
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
2.6
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.8
%
 
 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
6/30/2015
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
6/30/2015
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
3

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 

 

 

 
7

 

 

 

 
7

 
 
Commercial construction and land development
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance outstanding
 
6/30/2015
 
$
71

 
$
240

 
$
103

 
$
48

 
$
444

 
$
268

 
$
17

 
$
56

 
$
1,247

 
12.3
%
% of loan type
 
 
 
5.7
%
 
19.2
%
 
8.3
%
 
3.8
%
 
35.6
%
 
21.5
%
 
1.4
%
 
4.5
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
Delinquency rates 2:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-89 days
 
6/30/2015
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.2
%
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.1
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
 
≥ 90 days
 
6/30/2015
 
%
 
1
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.8
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
0.9
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.9
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
6/30/2015
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
6/30/2015
 
$

 
$
2

 
$

 
$

 
$
4

 
$
11

 
$

 
$

 
$
17

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 
2

 

 

 
4

 
11

 

 

 
17

 
 
Total construction and land development
 
6/30/2015
 
$
135


$
560


$
160


$
58


$
697


$
332


$
28


$
92

 
$
2,062

 
 
Total commercial real estate
 
6/30/2015
 
$
1,300


$
3,305


$
566


$
598


$
1,950


$
1,441


$
282


$
678

 
$
10,120

 
100.0
%
1 
No other geography exceeds $74 million for all three loan types.
2 
Delinquency rates include nonaccrual loans.


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Approximately 22% of the CRE term loans consist of mini-perm loans as of June 30, 2015. For such loans, construction has been completed and the project has stabilized to a level that supports the granting of a mini-perm loan in accordance with our underwriting standards. Mini-perm loans generally have initial maturities of three to seven years. The remaining 78% of CRE loans are term loans with initial maturities generally of 5 to 20 years. The stabilization criteria for a project to qualify for a term loan differ by product type and include criteria related to the cash flow generated by the project, loan-to-value ratio, and occupancy rates.

Approximately $194 million, or 15.5%, of the commercial construction and land development portfolio at June 30, 2015 consists of acquisition and development loans. Most of these acquisition and development loans are secured by specific retail, apartment, office, or other projects. Underwriting on commercial properties is primarily based on the economic viability of the project with heavy consideration given to the creditworthiness and experience of the sponsor. We generally require that the owner’s equity be injected prior to bank advances. Remargining requirements (required equity infusions upon a decline in value of the collateral) are often included in the loan agreement along with guarantees of the sponsor. Recognizing that debt is paid via cash flow, the projected cash flows of the project are critical in the underwriting because these determine the ultimate value of the property and its ability to service debt. Therefore, in most projects (with the exception of multifamily projects) we look for substantial pre-leasing in our underwriting and we generally require a minimum projected stabilized debt service coverage ratio of 1.20 or higher, depending on the project asset class.

Within the residential construction and development sector, many of the requirements previously mentioned, such as creditworthiness and experience of the developer, up-front injection of the developer’s equity, principal curtailment requirements, and the viability of the project are also important in underwriting a residential development loan. Significant consideration is given to the likely market acceptance of the product, location, strength of the developer, and the ability of the developer to stay within budget. Progress inspections by qualified independent inspectors are routinely performed before disbursements are made.

Real estate appraisals are ordered and validated independent of the loan officer and the borrower, generally by each bank’s internal appraisal review function, which is staffed by licensed appraisers. In some cases, reports from automated valuation services are used. Appraisals are ordered from outside appraisers at the inception, renewal or, for CRE loans, upon the occurrence of any event causing a downgrade to an adverse grade (i.e., “criticized” or “classified”). We increase the frequency of obtaining updated appraisals for adversely graded credits when declining market conditions exist.

Advance rates (i.e., loan commitments) will vary based on the viability of the project and the creditworthiness of the sponsor, but our guidelines generally limit advances to 50% for raw land, 65% for land development, 65% for finished commercial lots, 75% for finished residential lots, 80% for pre-sold homes, 75% for models and homes not under contract, and 75% for commercial properties. Exceptions may be granted on a case-by-case basis.

Loan agreements require regular financial information on the project and the sponsor in addition to lease schedules, rent rolls and, on construction projects, independent progress inspection reports. The receipt of this financial information is monitored and calculations are made to determine adherence to the covenants set forth in the loan agreement. Additionally, loan-by-loan reviews of pass grade loans for all commercial and residential construction and land development loans are performed semiannually at all subsidiary banks except TCBW, which performs such reviews annually.

CRE loans are sometimes modified to increase the likelihood of collecting the maximum possible amount of our investment in the loan. In general, the existence of a guarantee that improves the likelihood of repayment is taken into consideration when analyzing a loan for impairment. If the support of the guarantor is quantifiable and documented, it is included in the potential cash flows and liquidity available for debt repayment and our impairment methodology takes into consideration this repayment source.


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Additionally, when we modify or extend a loan, we give consideration to whether the borrower is in financial difficulty, and whether we have granted a concession. In determining if an interest rate concession has been granted, we consider whether the interest rate on the modified loan is equivalent to current market rates for new debt with similar risk characteristics. If the rate in the modification is less than current market rates, it may indicate that a concession was granted and impairment exists. However, if additional collateral is obtained or if a strong guarantor exists who is believed to be able and willing to support the loan on an extended basis, we also consider the nature and amount of the additional collateral and guarantees in the ultimate determination of whether a concession has been granted.

In general, we obtain and consider updated financial information for the guarantor as part of our determination to extend a loan. The quality and frequency of financial reporting collected and analyzed varies depending on the contractual requirements for reporting, the size of the transaction, and the strength of the guarantor.

Complete underwriting of the guarantor includes, but is not limited to, an analysis of the guarantor’s current financial statements, leverage, liquidity, global cash flow, global debt service coverage, contingent liabilities, etc. The assessment also includes a qualitative analysis of the guarantor’s willingness to perform in the event of a problem and demonstrated history of performing in similar situations. Additional analysis may include personal financial statements, tax returns, liquidity (brokerage) confirmations, and other reports, as appropriate.

A qualitative assessment is performed on a case-by-case basis to evaluate the guarantor’s experience, performance track record, reputation, performance of other related projects with which we are familiar, and willingness to work with us. We also utilize market information sources, rating, and scoring services in our assessment. This qualitative analysis coupled with a documented quantitative ability to support the loan may result in a higher-quality internal loan grade, which may reduce the level of allowance we estimate. Previous documentation of the guarantor’s financial ability to support the loan is discounted if there is any indication of a lack of willingness by the guarantor to support the loan.

In the event of default, we evaluate the pursuit of any and all appropriate potential sources of repayment, which may come from multiple sources, including the guarantee. A number of factors are considered when deciding whether or not to pursue a guarantor, including, but not limited to, the value and liquidity of other sources of repayment (collateral), the financial strength and liquidity of the guarantor, possible statutory limitations (e.g., single action rule on real estate) and the overall cost of pursuing a guarantee compared to the ultimate amount we may be able to recover. In other instances, the guarantor may voluntarily support a loan without any formal pursuit of remedies.

Consumer Loans
We have mainly been an originator of first and second mortgages, generally considered to be of prime quality. Historically, our practice has been to sell “conforming” fixed-rate loans to third parties, including Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, for which we make representations and warranties that the loans meet certain underwriting and collateral documentation standards. It has also been our practice historically to hold variable rate loans in our portfolio. We actively monitor loan “put-backs” (required repurchases of loans previously sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac due to inadequate documentation or other reasons). Loan put-backs have been minimal over a multiple-year period. We estimate that we do not have any material risk as a result of either our foreclosure practices or loan put-backs and we have not established any reserves related to these items.

We are engaged in home equity credit line (“HECL”) lending. At June 30, 2015, our HECL portfolio totaled $2.3 billion. Approximately $1.2 billion of the portfolio is secured by first deeds of trust, while the remaining $1.1 billion is secured by junior liens.

As of June 30, 2015, loans representing approximately 3% of the outstanding balance in the HECL portfolio were estimated to have combined loan-to-value ratios (“CLTV”) above 100%. An estimated CLTV ratio is the ratio of our

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loan plus any prior lien amounts divided by the estimated current collateral value. At origination, underwriting standards for the HECL portfolio generally include a maximum 80% CLTV with high credit scores at origination.

More than 95% of our HECL portfolio is still in the draw period, and approximately 33% is scheduled to begin amortizing within the next five years. We regularly analyze the risk of borrower default in the event of a loan becoming fully amortizing and the risk of higher interest rates. The analysis indicates that the risk of loss from this factor is minimal in the current economic environment. For the first six months of June 30, 2015 and 2014, the annualized credit losses for the HECL portfolio were -2 bps and 8 bps, respectively. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the credit quality of this portfolio.

Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans and leases and OREO increased slightly to 0.96% at June 30, 2015, compared to 0.81% at December 31, 2014.

Total nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2015 increased by $66 million from December 31, 2014. The increase is primarily due to increases in energy-related loans at Amegy Bank, the vast majority of which are current with payments, while other commercial and industrial loans, commercial owner occupied loans, and commercial real estate term loans also experienced modest increases. Aside from Amegy Bank, the largest total increases in nonaccrual loans occurred at Zions Bank, NBAZ, and Vectra.

The balance of nonaccrual loans can decrease due to paydowns, charge-offs, and the return of loans to accrual status under certain conditions. If a nonaccrual loan is refinanced or restructured, the new note is immediately placed on nonaccrual. If a restructured loan performs under the new terms for at least a period of six months, the loan can be considered for return to accrual status. See “Restructured Loans” following for more information. Company policy does not allow for the conversion of nonaccrual construction and land development loans to commercial real estate term loans. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

The following schedule sets forth our nonperforming assets:

NONPERFORMING ASSETS
(Amounts in millions)
 
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans 1
 
$
373

 
$
307

Other real estate owned
 
13

 
19

Total nonperforming assets
 
$
386

 
$
326

 
 
 
 
 
Ratio of nonperforming assets to net loans and leases1 and other real estate owned
 
0.96
%
 
0.81
%
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
$
27

 
$
29

Ratio of accruing loans past due 90 days or more to loans and leases1
 
0.07
%
 
0.07
%
Nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
$
400

 
$
336

Ratio of nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more
to loans and leases1
 
1.00
%
 
0.84
%
Accruing loans past due 30 - 89 days
 
$
125

 
$
86

Nonaccrual loans current as to principal and interest payments
 
60.6
%
 
50.4
%
1 Includes loans held for sale.


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Restructured Loans
TDRs are loans that have been modified to accommodate a borrower that is experiencing financial difficulties, and for which we have granted a concession that we would not otherwise consider. TDRs declined 13% during the first six months of 2015, mainly due to payments and payoffs. Commercial loans may be modified to provide the borrower more time to complete the project, to achieve a higher lease-up percentage, to sell the property, or for other reasons. Consumer loan TDRs represent loan modifications in which a concession has been granted to the borrower who is unable to refinance the loan with another lender, or who is experiencing economic hardship. Such consumer loan TDRs may include first-lien residential mortgage loans and home equity loans.

For certain TDRs, we split the loan into two new notes – an “A” note and a “B” note. The A note is structured to comply with our current lending standards at current market rates, and is tailored to suit the customer’s ability to make timely principal and interest payments. The B note includes the granting of the concession to the borrower and varies by situation. We may defer principal and interest payments on the B note until the A note has been paid in full. At the time of restructuring, the A note is identified and classified as a TDR. The B note is charged off, but the obligation is not forgiven to the borrower, and any payments collected on the B note are accounted for as recoveries. The outstanding carrying value of loans restructured using the A/B note strategy was approximately $82 million at June 30, 2015 and $112 million at December 31, 2014.

If the restructured loan performs for at least six months according to the modified terms, and an analysis of the customer’s financial condition indicates that we are reasonably assured of repayment of the modified principal and interest, the loan may be returned to accrual status. The borrower’s payment performance prior to and following the restructuring is taken into account to determine whether a loan should be returned to accrual status.

ACCRUING AND NONACCRUING TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURED LOANS
 
 
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
(In millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructured loans – accruing
 
 
$
180

 
 
 
$
245

 
Restructured loans – nonaccruing
 
 
118

 
 
 
98

 
Total
 
 
$
298

 
 
 
$
343

 

In the periods following the calendar year in which a loan was restructured, a loan may no longer be reported as a TDR if it is on accrual, is in compliance with its modified terms, and yields a market rate (as determined and documented at the time of the modification or restructure). Company policy requires that the removal of TDR status be approved at the same management level that approved the upgrading of a loan’s classification. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding TDRs.

TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURED LOANS ROLLFORWARD
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
(In millions)
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
309

 
$
449

 
$
343

 
$
481

New identified TDRs and principal increases
39

 
40

 
52

 
54

Payments and payoffs
(42
)
 
(39
)
 
(88
)
 
(72
)
Charge-offs
(4
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
(2
)
No longer reported as TDRs
(2
)
 
(14
)
 
(2
)
 
(25
)
Sales and other
(2
)
 
(12
)
 
(2
)
 
(13
)
Balance at end of period
$
298

 
$
423

 
$
298

 
$
423



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Allowance and Reserve for Credit Losses
In analyzing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we utilize a comprehensive loan grading system to determine the risk potential in the portfolio and also consider the results of independent internal credit reviews. To determine the adequacy of the allowance, our loan and lease portfolio is broken into segments based on loan type.

The following schedule shows the changes in the allowance for loan losses and a summary of loan loss experience:

SUMMARY OF LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE
(Amounts in millions)

Six Months Ended
June 30, 2015
 
Twelve Months
Ended
December 31,
2014
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and leases outstanding (net of unearned income)
$
40,024

 
$
40,064

 
$
39,630

Average loans and leases outstanding (net of unearned income)
$
40,155

 
$
39,523

 
$
39,335

Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
605

 
$
746

 
$
746

Provision charged against earnings
(1
)
 
(98
)
 
(55
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Charge-offs:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
(40
)
 
(77
)
 
(26
)
Commercial real estate
(4
)
 
(15
)
 
(11
)
Consumer
(7
)
 
(14
)
 
(7
)
Total
(51
)
 
(106
)
 
(44
)
Recoveries:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
34

 
41

 
19

Commercial real estate
17

 
12

 
6

Consumer
5

 
11

 
5

Total
56

 
64

 
30

Net loan and lease charge-offs
5

 
(42
)
 
(14
)
Balance at end of period
$
609

 
$
605

 
$
676

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ratio of annualized net charge-offs to average loans and leases
(0.02
)%
 
0.11
%
 
0.07
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to net loans and leases, at period end
1.52
 %
 
1.51
%
 
1.71
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans, at period end
163.45
 %
 
197.18
%
 
192.32
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more, at period end
152.33
 %
 
180.03
%
 
169.73
%

The total ALLL increased slightly during the first six months of 2015 by $5 million due to the slight deterioration in various credit metrics primarily related to the energy-related loans at Amegy Bank; other credit metric trends not related to energy lending were generally stable or improving during that period. During the nine-month period beginning September 30, 2014, as energy prices have declined significantly, Amegy Bank has increased its ACL by $54 million. This increase was partially offset by a reduction in the allowance elsewhere, due to favorable changes in credit quality outside of the energy industry.
The reserve for unfunded lending commitments represents a reserve for potential losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments and standby letters of credit. The reserve is separately shown in the balance sheet and any related increases or decreases in the reserve are shown separately in the statement of income. The reserve decreased by $1.1 million compared to December 31, 2014, and decreased by $15.5 million from June 30, 2014.
See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the allowance for credit losses and credit trends experienced in each portfolio segment.

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Interest Rate and Market Risk Management
Interest rate and market risk are managed centrally. The Board of Directors is responsible for approving the overall policies relating to the management of the financial risk of the Company, including interest rate and market risk management. In addition, the Board establishes and periodically revises policy limits and reviews limit exceptions reported by management. The Board has established the Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”), consisting of members of management, to which it has delegated the responsibility of managing interest rate and market risk for the Company.

Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is one of the most significant risks to which we are regularly exposed. In general, our goal in managing interest rate risk is to have net interest income increase in a rising interest rate environment. We refer to this goal as being “asset-sensitive.” This approach is based on our belief that in a rising interest rate environment, the market cost of equity, or implied rate at which future earnings are discounted, would also tend to rise.

Due to the low level of rates and the natural lower bound of zero for market indices, there is limited sensitivity to falling rates at the current time, and we have tended to operate near interest rate risk “triggers” and appetites noted in the following schedule. However, if interest rates remain at their current historically low levels, given our asset sensitivity, we would expect the net interest margin to be under continuing modest pressure assuming a balance sheet that is static in size. In order to mitigate this pressure and to increase holdings in HQLA securities, in 2014, we began deploying cash into short-to-medium duration agency pass-through securities. In the second quarter of 2015, we purchased HQLA securities of $834 million at amortized cost and are continuing these purchases. Additionally, we have increased the use of interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges to synthetically convert floating rate assets to fixed rate. Over time these actions are expected to somewhat reduce our asset sensitivity compared to previous periods.

Interest Rate Risk Measurement
We monitor interest rate risk through the use of two complementary measurement methods: net interest income simulation and Economic Value of Equity at Risk (“EVE”). In the net interest income simulation method, we analyze the expected change in net interest income in response to changes in interest rates. In the EVE method, we measure the expected changes in the fair value of equity in response to changes in interest rates.

Net interest income simulation is an estimate of the total net interest income that would be recognized under different rate environments. Net interest income is measured under several parallel and nonparallel interest rate environments and deposit repricing assumptions, taking into account an estimate of the possible exercise of embedded options within the portfolio (e.g., a borrower’s ability to refinance a loan under a lower rate environment). Our policy contains a trigger for a 10% decline in rate sensitive income as well as a risk capacity of a 13% decline if rates were to immediately rise or fall in parallel by 200 bps. This trigger and risk capacity apply to both the fast and the slow deposit assumptions.

EVE is calculated as the fair value of all assets minus the fair value of liabilities. We measure changes in the dollar amount of EVE for parallel shifts in interest rates. Due to embedded optionality and asymmetric rate risk, changes in EVE can be useful in quantifying risks not apparent for small rate changes. Examples of such risks may include out-of-the-money interest rate caps (or limits) on loans, which have little effect under small rate movements but may become important if large rate changes were to occur, or substantial prepayment deceleration for low rate mortgages in a higher rate environment. Our policy is to limit declines in EVE to 4% per 100 bps movement in interest rates in either direction.

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The following schedule presents the formal EVE limits adopted by the Company. Exceptions to the EVE limits are subject to notification and approval by the Risk Oversight Committee of the Board of Directors.

ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY DECLINE LIMITS
Parallel change in interest rates
 
Trigger decline in EVE
 
Risk capacity decline in EVE
 
 
 
 
 
+/- 100 bps
 
3
%
 
4
%
 +/- 200 bps
 
6
%
 
8
%
+/- 300 bps
 
9
%
 
12
%

New Interest Rate Risk Model and Comparisons
In the first quarter of 2015, we adopted a new model to estimate the impact to net interest income and to EVE from changes in interest rates. We made the change because the new model is believed to better reflect customer behavior, particularly with regard to dynamic prepayment speeds (i.e., incrementally slower prepayment speeds on mortgages with incrementally higher interest rate changes) and deposit characteristics (i.e., faster deposit product migration to interest-bearing accounts for larger deposit balances). We ran both models in parallel for several months and members of ALCO scrutinized the results. Additionally, rigorous statistical validation of the new model was conducted prior to its adoption.

Regardless of the model used, estimating the impact on net interest income and EVE requires that we assess a number of variables and make various assumptions in managing our exposure to changes in interest rates. The assessments address deposit withdrawals and deposit product migration (e.g., customers moving money from checking accounts to certificates of deposit), competitive pricing (e.g., existing loans and deposits are assumed to roll into new loans and deposits at similar spreads relative to benchmark interest rates), loan and security prepayments, and the effects of other similar embedded options. As a result of uncertainty about the maturity and repricing characteristics of both deposits and loans, we estimate ranges of possible net interest income and EVE results under a variety of assumptions and scenarios. The modeled results are highly sensitive to the assumptions used for deposits that do not have specific maturities, such as checking, savings and money market accounts, and also to prepayment assumptions used for loans with prepayment options. We use historical regression analysis as a guide to setting such assumptions; however, due to the current low interest rate environment, which has little historical precedent, estimated deposit durations may not reflect actual future results. Additionally, competition for funding in the marketplace has and may again result in changes of deposit pricing on interest-bearing accounts that is greater or less than changes in benchmark interest rates such as LIBOR or the federal funds rate.

Under most rising interest rate environments, we would expect some customers to move balances in demand deposits to interest-bearing accounts such as money market, savings, or CDs. The models are particularly sensitive to the assumption about the rate of such migration. In order to capture the sensitivity of our models to this risk, we estimate a range of possible outcomes for interest sensitivity under “fast” and “slow” movements of client funds out of noninterest-bearing deposits and into interest-bearing sources of funds.

In addition, we assume certain correlation rates, often referred to as a “deposit beta,” of interest-bearing deposits, wherein the rates paid to customers change at a different pace when compared to changes in benchmark interest rates. Generally, certificates of deposit are assumed to have a high correlation rate, while interest-on-checking accounts are assumed to have a lower correlation rate. Actual results may differ materially due to factors including competitive pricing, money supply, credit worthiness of the Company, and so forth; however, we use our historical experience as well as industry data to inform our assumptions.


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The aforementioned migration and correlation assumptions result in deposit durations presented in the following schedule:
 
 
As of June 30, 2015
 
 
Fast
 
Slow
Product
 
Effective duration (unchanged)
 
Effective duration (+200 bps)
 
Effective duration (unchanged)
 
Effective duration (+200 bps)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
 
1.9
%
 
1.1
%
 
2.5
%
 
1.9
%
Money market
 
1.4
%
 
1.1
%
 
1.8
%
 
1.5
%
Savings and interest on checking
 
2.6
%
 
1.8
%
 
3.1
%
 
2.6
%

As of the dates indicated and incorporating the assumptions previously described, the following schedule shows our estimated percentage change in net interest income, based on a static balance sheet size, in the first year after the interest rate change if interest rates were to sustain immediate parallel changes ranging from -100 bps to +300 bps.

INCOME SIMULATION – CHANGE IN NET INTEREST INCOME
 
 
As of June 30, 2015
 
 
Parallel shift in rates (in basis points)1
Repricing scenario
 
-100
 
0
 
+100
 
+200
 
+300
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(1.8
)%
 
%
 
7.3
%
 
13.0
%
 
16.9
%
Slow
 
(2.2
)%
 
%
 
10.3
%
 
19.9
%
 
28.3
%
1 
Assumes rates cannot go below zero in the negative rate shift.

For comparative purposes, we applied the new model to the December 31, 2014 balances; these results are presented in the following schedule.
 
 
As of December 31, 2014
 
 
Parallel shift in rates (in basis points)1
Repricing scenario
 
-100
 
0
 
+100
 
+200
 
+300
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(2.6
)%
 
%
 
7.8
%
 
14.1
%
 
18.7
%
Slow
 
(3.0
)%
 
%
 
10.7
%
 
20.7
%
 
29.6
%
1 
Assumes rates cannot go below zero in the negative rate shift.

The decrease in interest rate sensitivity was driven by purchases of securities, addition of swap contracts in which we receive a fixed rate, and the previously mentioned changes in modeled demand deposit behavior.

As of the dates indicated and incorporating the assumptions previously described, the following schedule shows our estimated percentage change in EVE under parallel interest rate changes ranging from -100 bps to +300 bps.

CHANGES IN ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY
 
 
As of June 30, 2015
Repricing scenario
 
-100 bps
 
0 bps
 
+100 bps
 
+200 bps
 
+300 bps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(0.9
)%
 
%
 
1.6
%
 
1.5
%
 
(0.2
)%
Slow
 
(2.7
)%
 
%
 
4.4
%
 
7.6
%
 
9.4
 %

For comparative purposes, we applied the new model to the December 31, 2014 balances; these results are presented in the following schedule.

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As of December 31, 2014
Repricing scenario
 
-100 bps
 
0 bps
 
+100 bps
 
+200 bps
 
+300 bps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(0.8
)%
 
%
 
2.4
%
 
3.1
%
 
2.2
%
Slow
 
(2.4
)%
 
%
 
5.1
%
 
9.0
%
 
11.4
%

Market Risk – Fixed Income
We engage in the underwriting and trading of municipal securities. This trading activity exposes us to a risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the prices of these fixed income securities.

At June 30, 2015, we had a relatively small amount, $75 million, of trading assets and $11 million of securities sold, not yet purchased, compared with $71 million and $24 million, at December 31, 2014.

We are exposed to market risk through changes in fair value. We are also exposed to market risk for interest rate swaps used to hedge interest rate risk. Changes in the fair value of AFS securities and in interest rate swaps that qualify as cash flow hedges are included in AOCI for each financial reporting period. During the second quarter of 2015, the after-tax change in AOCI attributable to AFS and HTM securities was an increase of $78 million compared to a $6 million increase in the same prior year period. The primary reason for the $78 million increase related to the sale of the remaining portfolio of our CDO securities, or $574 million at amortized cost, resulting in realized net losses of approximately $137 million.

Market Risk – Equity Investments
Through our equity investment activities, we own equity securities that are publicly traded. In addition, we own equity securities in companies and governmental entities, e.g., Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Banks, that are not publicly traded. The accounting for equity investments may use the cost, fair value, equity, or full consolidation methods of accounting, depending on our ownership position and degree of involvement in influencing the investees’ affairs. Regardless of the accounting method, the value of our investment is subject to fluctuation. Because the fair value of these securities may fall below our investment costs, we are exposed to the possibility of loss. Equity investments in private and public companies are approved, monitored and evaluated by the Company’s Equity Investment Committee consisting of members of management.
We hold investments in pre-public companies through various predominantly SBIC venture capital funds. Our equity exposure to these investments was approximately $102 million at June 30, 2015 and $86 million at December 31, 2014.
Additionally, Amegy has an alternative investments portfolio. These investments are primarily directed towards equity buyout and mezzanine funds with a key strategy of deriving ancillary commercial banking business from the portfolio companies. Early stage venture capital funds are generally not a part of the strategy because the underlying companies are typically not creditworthy. The carrying value of Amegys equity investments was $25 million at June 30, 2015 and $38 million at December 31, 2014.

These private equity investments are subject to the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Volcker Rule of the Dodd-Frank Act, as published on December 10, 2013, prohibits banks and bank holding companies from holding private equity investments beyond July 21, 2016, as currently extended, except for SBIC funds. The FRB has announced its intention to act in 2015 to grant an additional one-year extension to July 21, 2017. As of June 30, 2015, such prohibited private equity investments amounted to $25 million, with an additional $7 million of unfunded commitments (see Notes 5 and 11 for more information). We currently do not believe that this divestiture requirement will ultimately have a material effect on our financial statements.

Our earnings from these investments, and the potential volatility of these earnings, are expected to decline over the next several years and will ultimately cease.


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Liquidity Risk Management
Liquidity risk is the possibility that the Company’s cash flows may not be adequate to fund its ongoing operations and meet its commitments in a timely and cost-effective manner. Since liquidity risk is closely linked to both credit risk and market risk, many of the previously discussed risk control mechanisms also apply to the monitoring and management of liquidity risk. We manage the Company’s liquidity to provide adequate funds to meet its anticipated financial and contractual obligations, including withdrawals by depositors, debt and capital service requirements, and lease obligations, as well as to fund customers’ needs for credit. The management of liquidity and funding is performed centrally for the Parent and jointly by the Parent and bank management for its subsidiary banks.

Consolidated cash, interest-bearing deposits held as investments, and security resell agreements at the Parent and its subsidiaries increased to $9.7 billion at June 30, 2015 from $8.9 billion at March 31, 2015, and $9.2 billion at December 31, 2014. The $0.5 billion increase during the first six months of 2015 resulted primarily from (1) an increase in deposits, (2) net cash provided by operating activities, and (3) a decrease in federal funds sold. These increases were partially offset by (1) an increase in investment securities, (2) a net repayment of long- and short-term debt and (3) dividends on common and preferred stock.

During the first six months of 2015, the Company’s HTM and AFS investment securities increased by $732 million. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the purchases of short-to-medium duration agency pass-through securities, partially offset by the sale of the Company’s remaining portfolio of CDOs. We expect to continue to deploy cash and short-term investments into HQLA in the next several quarters.
Liquidity Regulation
In September 2014, U.S. banking regulators issued a final rule that implements a quantitative liquidity requirement in the U.S. generally consistent with the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (“LCR”) minimum liquidity measure established under the Basel III liquidity framework. Under this rule, the Company is subject to a modified LCR standard, which requires a financial institution to hold an adequate amount of unencumbered HQLA that can be converted into cash easily and immediately in private markets to meet its liquidity needs for a short-term liquidity stress scenario. Although this rule is not applicable to the Company and other banks of its size until January 2016, the Company has calculated that it is in compliance with the requirement to maintain a modified LCR of at least 100%.

The Company is required to and is conducting monthly liquidity stress tests as of January 2015. These tests incorporate scenarios designed by the Company subject to review by the FRB.

The Basel III liquidity framework includes a second minimum liquidity measure, the Net Stable Funding Ratio (“NSFR”), which requires a financial institution to maintain a stable funding profile in relation to the characteristics of its on- and off-balance sheet activities. On October 31, 2014, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision issued its final standards for this ratio, entitled Basel III: The Net Stable Funding Ratio. Based on this Basel III publication, we believe the Company would meet the minimum NSFR if such requirement were currently effective. However, the FRB has not yet proposed regulations to implement these Basel Committee standards. The Company is monitoring these developments.

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Parent Company Liquidity
The Parent’s cash requirements consist primarily of debt service, investments in and advances to subsidiaries, operating expenses, income taxes, and dividends to preferred and common shareholders. The Parent’s cash needs are usually met through dividends from its subsidiaries, interest and investment income, subsidiaries’ proportionate share of current income taxes, and long-term debt and equity issuances.
Cash, interest-bearing deposits held as investments, and security resell agreements at the Parent were $1.1 billion at June 30, 2015, compared to approximately $1.0 billion at both March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Dividends received from subsidiary banks on common and preferred stock offset debt and interest payments as well as dividends on Company common and preferred stock.

At June 30, 2015, the Parent’s long-term debt maturities during the remainder of 2015 consist of $229 million carrying value of subordinated/convertible subordinated notes due as follows: 6.0% $109 million on September 15, 2015 and 5.5% $120 million on November 16, 2015. See Note 8 for additional detail about the Company’s debt maturities.

During the first six months of 2015, the Parent received dividends on common stock and return of common equity totaling $90 million and dividends on preferred stock totaling $21 million from its subsidiary banks. During the first six months of 2014, the Parent received $101 million from its subsidiaries for dividends on common stock and return of common equity and $20 million from dividends on preferred stock. The dividends that our subsidiary banks can pay to the Parent are restricted by current and historical earning levels, retained earnings, and risk-based and other regulatory capital requirements and limitations. During the first six months of 2015, all of the Company’s subsidiary banks recorded a profit. We expect that this profitability will be sustained, thus permitting continued payments of dividends by the subsidiaries to the Parent during the remainder of 2015. As discussed in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has announced certain efficiency and restructuring initiatives that included, among other things, the consolidation of its seven bank charters into one bank charter. After completion of this consolidation, the single charter bank dividend capacity to the Parent may change.
General financial market and economic conditions impact the Company’s access to, and cost of, external financing. Access to funding markets for the Parent and subsidiary banks is also directly affected by the credit ratings received from various rating agencies. The ratings not only influence the costs associated with the borrowings, but can also influence the sources of the borrowings. The debt ratings and outlooks issued by the various rating agencies for the Company did not change during the first six months of 2015, except Moody’s upgraded the Company’s subordinated debt to Ba1 from Ba2 and revised its outlook to positive from stable. Standard & Poor’s, Fitch, Dominion Bond Rating Service (“DBRS”), and Kroll all rate the Company’s senior debt at an investment-grade level, while Moody’s rates the Company’s senior debt as Ba1 (one notch below investment-grade). In addition, all of the previously mentioned rating agencies, except Kroll, rate the Company’s subordinated debt as noninvestment-grade.

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The following schedule presents the Parent’s balance sheets as of June 30, 2015, December 31, 2014, and June 30, 2014.
PARENT ONLY CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
June 30,
2014
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
2,022

 
$
2,023

 
$
2,014

Interest-bearing deposits
643,001

 
1,007,916

 
950,802

Security resell agreements
500,000

 

 

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity, at adjusted cost (approximate fair value of $0, $34,691 and $33,467)

 
17,292

 
17,322

Available-for-sale, at fair value
46,838

 
130,964

 
343,648

Other noninterest-bearing investments
29,824

 
29,091

 
33,319

Investments in subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial banks and bank holding company
7,110,092

 
6,995,000

 
6,861,445

Other operating companies
31,361

 
22,948

 
30,239

Nonoperating – ZMFU II, Inc. 1
44,890

 
44,792

 
44,637

Receivables from subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
Other operating companies
6,060

 
15,060

 
10,060

Other assets
93,960

 
106,224

 
207,142

 
$
8,508,048

 
$
8,371,310

 
$
8,500,628

 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
$
77,386

 
$
85,275

 
$
117,930

Subordinated debt to affiliated trusts
15,464

 
15,464

 
15,464

Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
Due to affiliates
22

 
20

 
113

Due to others
885,001

 
901,021

 
1,667,031

Total liabilities
977,873

 
1,001,780

 
1,800,538

Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock
1,004,032

 
1,004,011

 
1,004,006

Common stock
4,738,272

 
4,723,855

 
4,192,136

Retained earnings
1,823,043

 
1,769,705

 
1,640,785

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(35,172
)
 
(128,041
)
 
(136,837
)
Total shareholders’ equity
7,530,175

 
7,369,530

 
6,700,090

 
$
8,508,048

 
$
8,371,310

 
$
8,500,628

1 
ZMFU II, Inc. is a wholly-owned nonoperating subsidiary whose sole purpose is to hold a portfolio of municipal bonds, loans and leases.
The Parent’s cash payments for interest, reflected in operating expenses, decreased to $24 million during the first six months of 2015 from $53 million during the first six months of 2014 due to continued maturity and repayment of debt. Additionally, the Parent paid approximately $52 million and $48 million of total dividends on preferred stock and common stock during the first six months of 2015 and 2014, respectively.
At June 30, 2015, maturities of the Parent’s long-term senior and subordinated debt ranged from September 2015 to September 2028.

Subsidiary Bank Liquidity
The subsidiary banks’ primary source of funding is their core deposits, consisting of demand, savings and money market deposits, and time deposits under $250,000. On a consolidated basis, the Company’s loan to total deposit ratio decreased to 81.8% at June 30, 2015, compared to 83.7% at December 31, 2014 and 86.8% at June 30, 2014.


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Total deposits increased by $1.1 billion to $48.9 billion at June 30, 2015, compared to $47.8 billion at December 31, 2014, primarily due to an $1.0 billion increase in noninterest-bearing demand deposits. This increase was partially offset by a $144 million decrease in time deposits.

The FHLB system and Federal Reserve Banks have been and are a source of back-up liquidity, and from time to time, have been a significant source of funding for each of the Company’s subsidiary banks. Zions Bank and TCBW are members of the FHLB of Seattle. CB&T, NSB, and NBAZ are members of the FHLB of San Francisco. Vectra is a member of the FHLB of Topeka and Amegy Bank is a member of the FHLB of Dallas. The FHLB allows member banks to borrow against their eligible loans to satisfy liquidity and funding requirements. The subsidiary banks are required to invest in FHLB and Federal Reserve stock to maintain their borrowing capacity. We do not believe that the consolidation of the affiliate bank charters will adversely impact bank liquidity.

At June 30, 2015, the amount available for additional FHLB and Federal Reserve borrowings was approximately $16.3 billion. Loans with a carrying value of approximately $22.4 billion at June 30, 2015, $22.6 billion at March 31, 2015, and $22.5 billion at December 31, 2014, have been pledged at the Federal Reserve and various FHLBs as collateral for current and potential borrowings. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company repaid its outstanding $22 million of long-term borrowings with the FHLB. The Company had no short-term FHLB or Federal Reserve borrowings outstanding at June 30, 2015, which was unchanged from December 31, 2014. At June 30, 2015, the subsidiary banks’ total investment in FHLB and Federal Reserve stock was $93 million and $121 million, respectively, compared to $104 million and $121 million at December 31, 2014.
The Company’s investment activities can provide or use cash, depending on the asset liability management posture taken. During the first six months of 2015, HTM and AFS investment securities’ activities resulted in a net increase in investment securities and a net $740 million decrease in cash, compared with a net $343 million increase in cash for the first six months of 2014.
Maturing balances in our subsidiary banks’ loan portfolios also provide additional flexibility in managing cash flows. Lending and purchase activity for the first six months of 2015 resulted in a net cash inflow of $48 million compared to a net cash outflow of $613 million for the first six months of 2014.
A more comprehensive discussion of our liquidity management is contained in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Operational Risk Management
Operational risk is the risk to current or anticipated earnings or capital arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, human errors or misconduct, or adverse external events. In its ongoing efforts to identify and manage operational risk, the Company has an Enterprise Risk Management department whose responsibility is to help employees, management and the Board of Directors to assess, understand, measure, and monitor risk in accordance with the Company’s Risk Appetite Framework. We have documented both controls and the Control Self Assessment related to financial reporting under the 2013 framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991.

To manage and minimize its operational risk, the Company has in place transactional documentation requirements; systems and procedures to monitor transactions and positions; systems and procedures to detect and mitigate attempts to commit fraud, penetrate the Company’s systems or telecommunications, access customer data, and/or deny normal access to those systems to the Company’s legitimate customers; regulatory compliance reviews; and periodic reviews by the Company’s Internal Audit and Credit Examination departments. Reconciliation procedures have been established to ensure that data processing systems consistently and accurately capture critical data. Further, we undertake significant efforts to maintain contingency and business continuity plans for operational support in the event of natural or other disasters. We also mitigate operational risk through the purchase of insurance, including errors and omissions and professional liability insurance.

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The Company is continually improving its oversight of operational risk, including enhancement of risk identification, risk and control self-assessments, and antifraud measures, which are reported on a regular basis to two management committees. The Operational Risk Committee reports to the Enterprise Risk Management Committee, which reports to the Risk Oversight Committee of the Board of Directors. Late in 2013, the Company further improved operational risk management by creating and staffing the position of Director of Corporate Operational Risk in order to consolidate and enhance its risk oversight functions.

The number and sophistication of attempts to disrupt or penetrate the Company’s critical systems, sometimes referred to as hacking, cyberfraud, cyberattacks, cyberterrorism, or other similar names, also continue to grow. On a daily basis, the Company, its customers, and other financial institutions are subject to a large number of such attempts. The Company has established systems and procedures to monitor, thwart or mitigate damage from such attempts. However, in some instances we, or our customers, have been victimized by cyberfraud (related losses to the Company have not been material), or some of our customers have been temporarily unable to routinely access our online systems as a result of, for example, distributed denial of service attacks. The Company continues to review this area of its operations to help ensure that it manages this risk in an effective manner.

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
We believe that a strong capital position is vital to continued profitability and to promoting depositor and investor confidence.

Total shareholders’ equity increased by $161 million to $7.5 billion at June 30, 2015 from $7.4 billion at December 31, 2014. The increase in total shareholders’ equity is primarily due to net income of $106 million and the sale of the Company’s remaining portfolio of CDO securities, which was the primary driver of the $93 million increase in AOCI, partially offset by $52 million of dividends recorded on preferred and common stock.

During the second quarter of 2015, the Company increased its quarterly dividend on common stock to $0.06 per share from $0.04 per share it had paid since the second quarter of 2013. The Company paid $20.5 million in dividends on common stock during the first six months of 2015, compared to $14.9 million during the first six months of 2014. During its July 2015 meeting, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.06 per common share payable on August 27, 2015 to shareholders of record on August 20, 2015.

The Company recorded dividends on preferred stock of $31.8 million and $40.1 million for the first six months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Dividends on preferred stock recorded in the first six months of 2014 included an accrual of $7.0 million. The Company’s 2015 capital plan, to which the Federal Reserve did not object, includes the reduction of up to $300 million in preferred stock. See discussion under “Capital Plan and Stress Tests” following.

Banking organizations are required by capital regulations to maintain adequate levels of capital as measured by several regulatory capital ratios. The effect of the CDO sales during the second quarter of 2015 improved the Company’s common equity tier 1 (“CET1”) capital ratio by approximately 0.07%. Based on our review and evaluation of a frequently-asked question document issued jointly by the OCC, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC in April 2015, we increased the risk weighting of certain construction and land development loans, characterized as high volatility commercial real estate (“HVCRE”), by approximately $740 million. The impact of this change reduced the CET1 capital ratio at June 30, 2015 by 0.19%. The following schedule shows the Company’s capital and performance ratios as of June 30, 2015, December 31, 2014, and June 30, 2014.

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CAPITAL RATIOS
 
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
June 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible common equity ratio
9.58
 %
 
9.48
%
 
8.60
%
Tangible equity ratio
11.33
 %
 
11.27
%
 
10.46
%
Average equity to average assets (three months ended)
13.04
 %
 
13.21
%
 
12.26
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basel III risk-based capital ratios1:
 
 
 
 
 
Common equity tier 1 capital
12.00%
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 leverage
11.65%
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 risk-based
14.26%
 
 
 
 
Total risk-based
16.32%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basel I risk-based capital ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 common
 
 
11.92
%
 
10.45
%
Tier 1 leverage
 
 
11.82
%
 
11.00
%
Tier 1 risk-based
 
 
14.47
%
 
13.00
%
Total risk-based
 
 
16.27
%
 
14.90
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on average common equity (three months ended)
(0.07
)%
 
4.06
%
 
7.30
%
Tangible return on average tangible common equity (three months ended)
0.03
 %
 
4.95
%
 
9.07
%
 
1 
Basel III capital ratios became effective January 1, 2015 and are based upon a 2015 phase-in.

At June 30, 2015, Basel III regulatory tier 1 risk-based capital and total risk-based capital was $6.6 billion and $7.5 billion, respectively. Basel I regulatory tier 1 risk-based capital and total risk-based capital at December 31, 2014 was $6.6 billion and $7.4 billion, respectively.

A more comprehensive discussion of our capital management is contained in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Basel III
The Basel III capital rules, which effectively replaced the Basel I rules, became effective for the Company on January 1, 2015 (subject to phase-in periods for certain of their components). In 2013, the FRB, FDIC, and OCC published final rules (the “Basel III Capital Rules”) establishing a new comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations. The rules implement the Basel Committee’s December 2010 framework, commonly referred to as Basel III, for strengthening international capital standards as well as certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Basel III capital rules substantially revised the risk-based capital requirements applicable to bank holding companies and depository institutions, including the Company, compared to the Basel I U.S. risk-based capital rules.
Under prior Basel I capital standards, the effects of AOCI items included in capital were excluded for purposes of determining regulatory capital and capital ratios. As allowed under the Basel III Capital Rules, the Company, a “non-advanced approaches banking organization,” made a one-time permanent election as of January 1, 2015 to continue to exclude these items.
The Company met all capital adequacy requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules based upon a 2015 phase-in as of June 30, 2015, and believes that it would meet all capital adequacy requirements on a fully phased-in basis if such requirements were currently effective.
A detailed discussion of Basel III requirements, including implications for the Company, is contained on page 8 in “Supervision and Regulation” under Part 1, Item 1 in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.


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Capital Plan and Stress Tests
As a bank holding company with assets greater than $50 billion, the Company is required by the Dodd-Frank Act to participate in annual stress tests known as the Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test (“DFAST”) and Federal Reserve’s Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (“CCAR”). The Company timely submitted its 2015 capital plan and stress test results to the FRB on January 5, 2015. In its capital plan, the Company was required to forecast under a variety of economic scenarios for nine quarters ending the fourth quarter of 2016, its estimated regulatory capital ratios, including its tier 1 common ratio, under Basel I rules, its estimated regulatory capital ratios, including its CET1 ratio, under Basel III rules, and its GAAP tangible common equity ratio. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company completed its mid-cycle capital stress test as required under DFAST. The results demonstrate that we maintain sufficient capital to withstand a severe economic downturn. Detailed disclosure of the mid-cycle stress test results can be found on the Company’s website. Under the implementing regulations for CCAR, a bank holding company may generally only raise and redeem capital, pay dividends and repurchase stock and take similar capital-related actions only under a capital plan as to which the FRB has not objected.

On March 11, 2015, the Company announced that the Federal Reserve notified the Company that it did not object to the capital actions outlined in its 2015 capital plan. The plan included (1) the increase of the quarterly common dividend to $0.06 per share beginning in the second quarter of 2015; (2) the continued payment of preferred dividends at the current rates; and (3) up to $300 million in total reduction of preferred equity. The Company has not yet determined the method, timing or particular issues of preferred stock that it might seek to reduce. The ultimate determination of these matters will depend on a number of factors, including market conditions and the receptivity of preferred investors to the terms of any preferred stock redemption offers, as well as the effect of other steps the Company may explore as it seeks to manage its capital in light of the most recent round of stress tests, any of which could result in a reduction or delay of the preferred equity reductions. The Company expects to manage any reduction of preferred equity such that total tier 1 capital does not decline materially during the period covered by its CCAR 2015 capital plan.

GAAP to NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS

1. Basel I tier 1 common capital
The Basel I capital rules were replaced by the new Basel III capital rules that became effective for the Company on January 1, 2015 (subject to phase-in periods for certain of their components). The Basel III capital rules include the CET1 capital ratio, which is the core capital component of the Basel III rules and a key ratio considered by regulators, investors, and analysts. The calculation of the CET1 ratio, as defined under Basel III rules, is considered an acceptable ratio by GAAP for financial institutions and, accordingly, does not require reconciliation to GAAP.
There is a difference in the calculation of the CET1 ratio under Basel III rules and the calculation of tier 1 common capital (“T1C”) under Basel I rules. We present the calculation of key regulatory capital ratios, including the T1C common capital, using the governing definition at the end of each quarter, taking into account applicable phase-in rules.
While the Company was subject to Basel I capital rules prior to 2015, the Federal Reserve and other banking regulators assessed a bank’s capital adequacy based on tier 1 capital, the calculation of which was codified in federal banking regulations. However, Basel I rules did not include a definition for T1C capital, and thus it was considered non-GAAP and required reconciliation to GAAP. The following schedule provides a reconciliation for prior periods of total shareholders’ equity (GAAP) to tier 1 capital (regulatory at the subject dates) and to T1C capital (non-GAAP) using Basel I U.S. regulatory treatment.

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BASEL I TIER 1 COMMON CAPITAL (NON-GAAP)
(Amounts in millions)
December 31,
2014
 
June 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity (GAAP)
$
7,370

 
$
6,700

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
128

 
137

Nonqualifying goodwill and intangibles
(1,040
)
 
(1,045
)
Other regulatory adjustments
(1
)
 
(1
)
Qualifying trust preferred securities
163

 
163

Tier 1 capital (regulatory)
6,620

 
5,954

Qualifying trust preferred securities
(163
)
 
(163
)
Preferred stock
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
Tier 1 common capital (non-GAAP)
$
5,453

 
$
4,787

 
 
 
 
Risk-weighted assets (regulatory)
$
45,738

 
$
45,787

Tier 1 common capital to risk-weighted assets (non-GAAP)
11.92
%
 
10.45
%
2. Tangible return on average tangible common equity
This Form 10-Q presents “tangible return on average tangible common equity” which excludes, net of tax, the amortization of core deposit and other intangibles from net earnings applicable to common shareholders, and average goodwill and core deposit and other intangibles from average common equity.
The following schedule provides a reconciliation of net earnings applicable to common shareholders (GAAP) to net earnings applicable to common shareholders, excluding net of tax, the effects of amortization of core deposit and other intangibles (non-GAAP), and average common equity (GAAP) to average tangible common equity (non-GAAP).
TANGIBLE RETURN ON AVERAGE TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY (NON-GAAP)
 
Three Months Ended
(Amounts in thousands)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
June 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss) applicable to common shareholders (GAAP)
$
(1,100
)
 
$
66,761

 
$
104,490

Adjustments, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles
1,472

 
1,676

 
1,735

Net earnings (loss) applicable to common shareholders, excluding the effects of the adjustments, net of tax (non-GAAP) (a)
$
372

 
$
68,437


$
106,225

 
 
 
 
 
 
Average common equity (GAAP)
$
6,492,865

 
$
6,521,187

 
$
5,744,696

Average goodwill
(1,014,129
)
 
(1,014,129
)
 
(1,014,129
)
Average core deposit and other intangibles
(22,135
)
 
(26,848
)
 
(32,234
)
Average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) (b)
$
5,456,601

 
$
5,480,210

 
$
4,698,333

 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of days in quarter (c)
91

 
92

 
91

Number of days in year (d)
365

 
365

 
365

 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) (a/b/c*d)
0.03
%
 
4.95
%
 
9.07
%
3. Total shareholders’ equity to tangible equity and tangible common equity
This Form 10-Q presents “tangible equity” and “tangible common equity” which excludes goodwill and core deposit and other intangibles for both measures and preferred stock for tangible common equity.
The following schedule provides a reconciliation of total shareholders’ equity (GAAP) to both tangible equity (non-GAAP) and tangible common equity (non-GAAP).

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TANGIBLE EQUITY (NON-GAAP) AND TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY (NON-GAAP)
(Amounts in millions)
June 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
June 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity (GAAP)
$
7,530

 
$
7,370

 
$
6,700

Goodwill
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
Core deposit and other intangibles
(21
)
 
(26
)
 
(31
)
Tangible equity (non-GAAP) (a)
6,495

 
6,330

 
5,655

Preferred stock
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP) (b)
$
5,491

 
$
5,326

 
$
4,651

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets (GAAP)
$
58,365

 
$
57,209

 
$
55,111

Goodwill
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
Core deposit and other intangibles
(21
)
 
(26
)
 
(31
)
Tangible assets (non-GAAP) (c)
$
57,330

 
$
56,169

 
$
54,066

 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible equity ratio (a/c)
11.33
%
 
11.27
%
 
10.46
%
Tangible common equity ratio (b/c)
9.58
%
 
9.48
%
 
8.60
%
4. Efficiency ratio
This Form 10-Q presents an “efficiency ratio” which adjusts certain line items in noninterest expense and noninterest income. The following schedule provides a reconciliation of noninterest expense (GAAP), taxable-equivalent net interest income (GAAP) and noninterest income (GAAP) to the efficiency ratio (non-GAAP).
EFFICIENCY RATIO
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense (GAAP) (a)
$
404,100

 
$
406,027

 
$
801,561

 
$
804,090

Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance costs
1,707

 
1,215

 
3,960

 
1,978

Other real estate expense, net
(445
)
 
(266
)
 
(71
)
 
1,341

Provision for unfunded lending commitments
(2,326
)
 
6,779

 
(1,115
)
 
5,767

Debt extinguishment cost
2,395

 

 
2,395

 

Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles
2,318

 
2,736

 
4,676

 
5,618

Restructuring costs
650

 

 
650

 

Total adjustments
4,299

 
10,464

 
10,495

 
14,704

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Add-back of adjustments (b)
(4,299
)
 
(10,464
)
 
(10,495
)
 
(14,704
)
Adjusted noninterest expense (non-GAAP) (a+b)=(c)
$
399,801

 
$
395,563

 
$
791,066

 
$
789,386

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable-equivalent net interest income (GAAP) (d)
$
428,015

 
$
420,202

 
$
849,596

 
$
840,507

Noninterest income (GAAP) (e)
421

 
124,849

 
122,243

 
263,163

Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value and nonhedge derivative income (loss)
1,844

 
(1,934
)
 
756

 
(10,473
)
Equity securities gains, net
4,839

 
2,513

 
8,192

 
3,425

Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
(138,436
)
 
5,026

 
(138,675
)
 
35,940

Total adjustments
(131,753
)
 
5,605

 
(129,727
)
 
28,892

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Add-back of adjustments (f)
131,753

 
(5,605
)
 
129,727

 
(28,892
)
Adjusted taxable-equivalent net interest income and noninterest income (non-GAAP) (d+e+f)=(g)
$
560,189

 
$
539,446

 
$
1,101,566

 
$
1,074,778

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Efficiency ratio (c/g)
71.4
%
 
73.3
%
 
71.8
%
 
73.4
%
For items 2, 3 and 4, the identified adjustments to reconcile from the applicable GAAP financial measures to the non-GAAP financial measures are included where applicable in financial results or in the balance sheet presented in

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accordance with GAAP. We consider these adjustments to be relevant to ongoing operating results and financial position.
We believe that excluding the amounts associated with these adjustments to present the non-GAAP financial measures provides a meaningful base for period-to-period and company-to-company comparisons, which will assist regulators, investors, and analysts in analyzing the operating results or financial position of the Company and in predicting future performance. These non-GAAP financial measures are used by management to assess the performance of the Company’s business or its financial position for evaluating bank reporting segment performance, for presentations of the Company’s performance to investors, and for other reasons as may be requested by investors and analysts. We further believe that presenting these non-GAAP financial measures will permit investors and analysts to assess the performance of the Company on the same basis as that applied by management.
Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied, and are not audited. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by stakeholders to evaluate a company, they have limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of results reported under GAAP.

ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest rate and market risks are among the most significant risks regularly undertaken by the Company, and they are closely monitored as previously discussed. A discussion regarding the Company’s management of interest rate and market risk is included in the section entitled “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” in this Form 10-Q.

ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2015. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2015. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the second quarter of 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information contained in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
The Company believes there have been no material changes in the risk factors included in Zions Bancorporation’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.


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ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following schedule summarizes the Company’s share repurchases for the second quarter of 2015:

SHARE REPURCHASES
Period
 
Total number
of shares
repurchased 1
 
Average
price paid
per share
 
Total number of shares
purchased as part of
publicly announced
plans or programs
 
Approximate dollar
value of shares that
may yet be purchased
under the plan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
April
 
 
4,338

 
 
$
27.16

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
May
 
 
112,377

 
 
29.05

 
 

 
 
 

 
June
 
 
253,816

 
 
30.70

 
 

 
 
 

 
Second quarter
 
 
370,531

 
 
30.16

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
1 
Represents common shares acquired from employees in connection with the Company’s stock compensation plan. Shares were acquired from employees to pay for their payroll taxes upon the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units, and the exercise of stock options, under provisions of an employee share-based compensation plan.

ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
a)Exhibits

Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
3.1
 
Restated Articles of Incorporation of Zions Bancorporation dated July 8, 2014, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K/A filed on July 18, 2014.
*
 
 
 
 
3.2
 
Restated Bylaws of Zions Bancorporation dated February 27, 2015, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015.
*
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification by Chief Executive Officer required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification by Chief Financial Officer required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
32
 
Certification by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by Sections 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (furnished herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
101
 
Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014 and the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014 and the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014 and the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).
 
* Incorporated by reference


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

    
 
ZIONS BANCORPORATION
 
/s/ Harris H. Simmons
Harris H. Simmons, Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer
 
/s/ Paul E. Burdiss
Paul E. Burdiss, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: August 6, 2015

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