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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM T-3

FOR APPLICATIONS FOR QUALIFICATION OF INDENTURES
UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939

Cloud Peak Energy Resources LLC
Cloud Peak Energy Finance Corp.
(Issuers)

Cloud Peak Energy Inc.
(Parent Guarantor)

Antelope Coal LLC
Arrowhead I LLC
Arrowhead II LLC
Arrowhead III LLC
Big Metal Coal Co. LLC
Caballo Rojo Holdings LLC
Caballo Rojo LLC
Cloud Peak Energy Logistics LLC
Cloud Peak Energy Logistics I LLC
Cloud Peak Energy Services Company
Cordero Mining Holdings LLC
Cordero Mining LLC
Cordero Oil and Gas LLC
Kennecott Coal Sales LLC
NERCO Coal LLC
NERCO Coal Sales LLC
NERCO LLC
Prospect Land and Development LLC
Resource Development LLC
Sequatchie Valley Coal Corporation
Spring Creek Coal LLC
Western Minerals LLC
Youngs Creek Holdings I LLC
Youngs Creek Holdings II LLC
Youngs Creek Mining Company, LLC
(Subsidiary Guarantors)

(Name of applicants)

505 S. Gillette Ave.
Gillette, Wyoming, 82716
(307) 687-6000
(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities to be Issued Under the Indenture to be Qualified

             Approximate date of proposed exchange offers:

             The exchange offers will commence on September 12, 2016 and will expire at 11:59 pm, New York City time, on October 12, 2016, unless extended or earlier terminated by the Issuers:

Name and address of agent for service:

Colin Marshall
Chief Executive Officer
Cloud Peak Energy Inc.
505 S. Gillette Ave.
Gillette, Wyoming, 82716
(307) 687-6000

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             The Applicants (as defined below) hereby amend this application for qualification on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effectiveness until: (i) the 20th day after the filing of an amendment that specifically states that it shall supersede this application, or (ii) such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to Section 307(c) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "Trust Indenture Act"), may determine upon written request.

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(1)

The 12.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 will be issued in transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to the provisions of Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act. The amount of 12.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 to be issued in such transactions in reliance upon Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act may be less than $400,000,000.

   

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GENERAL

1.     General Information

        Cloud Peak Energy Resources LLC (the "Company") and Cloud Peak Energy Finance Corp. are referred to herein collectively as the "Issuers". Each of the other foregoing entitles are referred to herein collectively as the "Guarantors." The Issuers and the Guarantors are referred to herein collectively as the "Applicants."

2.     Securities Act Exemption Applicable

        In accordance with the terms of the Offer to Exchange dated September 12, 2016, attached hereto as Exhibit T3E, the Issuers intend to exchange (the "Exchange Offers") up to $400,000,000 aggregate principal amount (subject to increase by the Issuers) of any validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) outstanding 8.50% Senior Notes due 2019 (the "2019 Notes") and 6.375% Senior Notes due 2024 (the "2024 Notes" and, together with the 2019 Notes, the "Old Notes") that were issued by the Issuers and guaranteed by the Guarantors for 12.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 (the "New Secured Notes") to be issued by the Issuers and guaranteed by the Guarantors. The Exchange Offers will be conducted in reliance on Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act.

        Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act provides an exemption from registration when an issuer issues new securities exclusively to its existing security holders in exchange for its own outstanding securities. This exemption is available when (i) the new and outstanding securities are issued by the same obligors,

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(ii) the exchange offer is made only to existing security holders, (iii) no commission or other remuneration is paid for solicitation in connection with the exchange offer, and (iv) no cash or non-cash consideration other than the securities to be exchanged is required to be paid by security holders to participate in the exchange offer.

        The Old Notes were issued by the Issuers and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantors. The Issuers will issue the New Secured Notes to be exchanged for the Old Notes, and the Guarantors will fully and unconditionally guarantee the New Secured Notes. Accordingly, the Issuers and the Guarantors were all obligors under, and issuers of, the Old Notes or related guarantees, and will be obligors under, and issuers of, the New Secured Notes or related guarantees. The Exchange Offers will be made only to existing holders of the Old Notes. There have not been nor are there to be any sales of securities of the same class by any of the Applicants, or by or through an underwriter, at or about the same time as the Exchange Offers. No commission or other remuneration has been or will be paid, directly or indirectly, for soliciting exchanges pursuant to the Exchange Offers, and no consideration has been, or is to be given, directly or indirectly, to any person in connection with the transaction, except for customary fees and expenses paid to the Issuers' legal advisors, the trustee under the Indenture to be qualified (the "New Secured Notes Indenture"), and an information agent and exchange agent for the transaction. Regular employees, officers and directors of the Issuers and their affiliates, who will not receive additional compensation, may provide information concerning the Exchange Offers. No cash or non-cash consideration other than surrender of the Old Notes to be exchanged will be required to be paid by the holders of the Old Notes to participate in the Exchange Offers.

AFFILIATIONS

3.     Affiliates

        (a)   For purposes of this Application only, certain directors and executive officers of the Applicants may be deemed to be "affiliates" of the Applicants by virtue of their positions with the Applicants. See Item 4, "Directors and Executive Officers."

        (b)   All of the Applicants are affiliates of each other. Cloud Peak Energy Resources LLC ("CPE Resources") is the wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Cloud Peak Energy Inc. All the other Applicants set forth in the list below are the direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of CPE Resources. The entities set forth below which are not Applicants are owned, directly or indirectly, by CPE Resources in

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the percentages set forth below. Please see Exhibit T3G attached hereto for an organizational chart indicating the affiliations of the Applicants.

        (c)   Certain persons may be deemed to be "affiliates" of the Applicants by virtue of their holdings of the voting securities of the Applicants. See Item 5, "Principal Owners of Voting Securities."

MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL

4.     Directors and Executive Officers

        The following table lists the name of, and offices held by, each director and executive officer of the Applicants as of the date hereof. The mailing address of each director and executive officer is: c/o Cloud Peak Energy Inc., 505 S. Gillette Ave., Gillette, Wyoming, 82716.

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(1)

Cloud Peak Energy Inc.

(2)

Antelope Coal LLC

(3)

Arrowhead I LLC

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(4)

Arrowhead II LLC

(5)

Arrowhead III LLC

(6)

Big Metal Coal Co. LLC

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(7)

Caballo Rojo Holdings LLC

(8)

Caballo Rojo LLC

(9)

Cloud Peak Energy Finance Corp.

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(10)

Cloud Peak Energy Logistics LLC

(11)

Cloud Peak Energy Logistics I LLC

(12)

Cloud Peak Energy Resources LLC

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(13)

Cloud Peak Energy Services Company

(14)

Cordero Mining Holdings LLC

(15)

Cordero Mining LLC

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(16)

Cordero Oil and Gas LLC

(17)

Kennecott Coal Sales LLC

(18)

NERCO Coal LLC

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(19)

NERCO Coal Sales LLC

(20)

NERCO LLC

(21)

Prospect Land and Development LLC

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(22)

Resource Development LLC

(23)

Sequatchie Valley Coal Corporation

(24)

Spring Creek Coal LLC

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(25)

Western Minerals LLC

(26)

Youngs Creek Holdings I LLC

(27)

Youngs Creek Holdings II LLC

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(28)

Youngs Creek Mining Company LLC

5.     Principal Owners of Voting Securities

        The principal owners of 10% or more of the voting securities for each Applicant as of September 8, 2016 are set forth in the table below. The address for each of the owners of voting securities listed below is 505 S. Gillette Ave., Gillette, Wyoming, 82716.

(1)

Cloud Peak Energy Inc.

        To the knowledge of the Applicants, no person owns 10% or more of the voting securities of Cloud Peak Energy Inc. as of September 8, 2016.

(2)

Antelope Coal LLC

(3)

Arrowhead I LLC

(4)

Arrowhead II LLC

(5)

Arrowhead III LLC

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(6)

Big Metal Coal Co. LLC

(7)

Caballo Rojo Holdings LLC

(8)

Caballo Rojo LLC

(9)

Cloud Peak Energy Finance Corp.

(10)

Cloud Peak Energy Logistics LLC

(11)

Cloud Peak Energy Logistics I LLC

(12)

Cloud Peak Energy Resources LLC

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(13)

Cloud Peak Energy Services Company

(14)

Cordero Mining Holdings LLC

(15)

Cordero Mining LLC

(16)

Cordero Oil and Gas LLC

(17)

Kennecott Coal Sales LLC

(18)

NERCO Coal LLC

(19)

NERCO Coal Sales LLC

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(20)

NERCO LLC

(21)

Prospect Land and Development LLC

(22)

Resource Development LLC

(23)

Sequatchie Valley Coal Corporation

(24)

Spring Creek Coal LLC

(25)

Western Minerals LLC

(26)

Youngs Creek Holdings I LLC

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(27)

Youngs Creek Holdings II LLC

(28)

Youngs Creek Mining Company LLC

UNDERWRITERS

6.     Underwriters

        (a)   The name and complete mailing address of each person who, within three years prior to the date of filing this application, acted as an underwriter of any securities of the Applicants which are

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outstanding on the date of filing this application are listed below, along with the title of each class of securities underwritten by the underwriter.

        (b)   There is no proposed underwriter for the New Secured Notes that are proposed to be offered in the connection with the New Secured Notes Indenture that is qualified under this application.

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CAPITAL SECURITIES

7.     Capitalization

        (a)   The authorized and outstanding securities of the Applicants as of September 8, 2016 were as follows:

(1)   Cloud Peak Energy Inc.

(2)   Antelope Coal LLC

(3)   Arrowhead I LLC

(4)   Arrowhead II LLC

(5)   Arrowhead III LLC

(6)   Big Metal Coal Co. LLC

(7)   Caballo Rojo Holdings LLC

(8)   Caballo Rojo LLC

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(9)   Cloud Peak Energy Finance Corp.

(10) Cloud Peak Energy Logistics LLC

(11) Cloud Peak Energy Logistics I LLC

(12) Cloud Peak Energy Resources LLC

(13) Cloud Peak Energy Services Company

(14) Cordero Mining Holdings LLC

(15) Cordero Mining LLC

(16) Cordero Oil and Gas LLC

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(17) Kennecott Coal Sales LLC

(18) NERCO Coal LLC

(19) NERCO Coal Sales LLC

(20) NERCO LLC

(21) Prospect Land and Development LLC

(22) Resource Development LLC

(23) Sequatchie Valley Coal Corporation

(24) Spring Creek Coal LLC

(25) Western Minerals LLC

(26) Youngs Creek Holdings I LLC

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(27) Youngs Creek Holdings II LLC

(28) Youngs Creek Mining Company LLC

        (b)   The common stock issued by each of Cloud Peak Energy Inc., Cloud Peak Energy Finance Corp., Sequatchie Valley Coal Corporation and Cloud Peak Energy Services Company entitles holders to one vote on all matters to be voted upon by stockholders. The rights, including voting rights, of the members of each of the limited liability companies listed above are governed by the respective limited liability company agreement, each of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit hereto.

INDENTURE SECURITIES

8.     Analysis of indenture provisions.

        The New Secured Notes will be issued under the New Secured Notes Indenture to be entered into among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee and Collateral Agent. The following is a general analysis of certain provisions of the New Secured Notes and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of New Secured Notes Indenture filed as an exhibit hereto. The Applicants have not entered into the New Secured Notes Indenture as of the date of this filing, and the terms of the New Secured Notes Indenture are subject to change prior to its execution.

(a)   Events of Default; Withholding of Notice

        Events of Default in respect of the New Secured Notes include:

        (1)   failure to make the payment of any interest on the New Secured Notes when the same becomes due and payable, and such failure continues for a period of 30 days;

        (2)   failure to make the payment of any principal on the New Secured Notes when the same becomes due and payable at their stated maturity, upon acceleration or redemption or otherwise;

        (3)   failure to comply with the covenants pertaining to either (a) repurchase at the option of holders of the New Secured Notes ("Holders") upon a change of control or (b) merger, consolidation and sale of property;

        (4)   failure to comply with any other covenant or agreement in the New Secured Notes, the New Secured Notes Indenture, the note guarantees or the security documents (other than a failure that is the subject of the foregoing clause (1), (2) or (3)), and such failure continues for 60 days (or 90 consecutive days in the case of a failure to comply with the financial reporting obligations) after written notice is given to the Issuers as provided below;

        (5)   a default under any debt of the Parent Guarantor or any of its significant restricted subsidiaries that results in acceleration of the maturity of such debt, or failure to make a principal payment on such debt at maturity, in an aggregate amount of $50.0 million or more;

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        (6)   any final judgment or judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount above $50.0 million (in excess of amounts that the Parent Guarantor's insurance carriers have agreed to pay) shall be rendered against the Parent Guarantor or any of its restricted subsidiaries and that shall not be paid or discharged for any period of 60 consecutive days after the entry of the final judgment;

        (7)   certain events involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of the Parent Guarantor or any of its significant restricted subsidiaries;

        (8)   any note guarantee ceases to be in full force and effect (other than in accordance with the provisions of the New Secured Notes Indenture) or any Guarantor denies or disaffirms its obligations under any note guarantee; and

        (9)   the occurrence of the following:

        (a)   except as permitted by the security documents, any security document ceases for any reason to be enforceable; provided that it will not be an Event of Default under this clause (10)(a) if the sole result of the failure of such security document to be fully enforceable is that any lien purported to be granted under such security document having a fair market value of not more than $50.0 million, ceases to be an enforceable and perfected lien; provided that if such failure is susceptible to cure, no Event of Default shall arise until 30 days after any officer of the Company or any restricted subsidiary becomes aware of such failure, which failure has not been cured during such time period;

        (b)   except as permitted by the security documents, any lien purported to be granted under any security document, having a fair market value in excess of $50.0 million, ceases to be an enforceable and perfected second priority Lien, subject to the First Lien/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and Permitted Liens; provided that if such failure is susceptible to cure, no Event of Default shall arise until 30 days after any officer of the Company or any restricted subsidiary becomes aware of such failure, which failure has not been cured during such time period; and

        (c)   any Issuer or Guarantor, or any person acting on behalf of any of them, denies or disaffirms, in writing, any obligation of such Issuer or Guarantor set forth in or arising under any security document.

        "Default" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

        A default under clause (4) is not an Event of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the New Secured Notes then outstanding notify the Issuers of the Default and the Issuers do not cure such Default within the time specified after receipt of such notice.

        The Issuers shall deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days after either Issuer becomes aware of the occurrence of a Default, a written notice setting forth the details of the Default, and (unless such Default has already been cured) the action which such Issuer proposes to take with respect thereto.

        If a Default or an Event of Default occurs and is continuing and is known to a trust officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall send notice of the Default or Event of Default to the depositary for delivery to the Holders within 90 days after its occurrence. Except in the case of a Default or an Event of Default in payment of principal or interest on any New Secured Note, the Trustee may withhold the notice to the Holders if and so long as the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of the Holders.

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(b)   Authentication and Delivery of the Notes; Use of Proceeds

        The New Secured Notes to be issued under the New Secured Notes Indenture may be executed by manual or facsimile signature on behalf of an Issuer by any of the following officers of such Issuer: Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Accounting Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary or any Vice President.

        The New Secured Notes shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the New Secured Note has been authenticated. The Issuers shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate the New Secured Notes pursuant to a written order signed in the names of each Issuer by one of its officers.

        The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Issuers to authenticate the New Secured Notes. Any such authenticating agent may authenticate New Secured Notes whenever the Trustee may do so.

        The New Secured Notes will initially be represented by one or more fully registered global notes. Each such global note will be deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC or any successor thereto and registered in the name of Cede & Co. (DTC's nominee). Except as provided in the New Secured Notes Indenture owners of beneficial interests in the New Secured Notes will not be entitled to have the New Secured Notes registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the New Secured Notes in definitive form.

        There will be no proceeds to the Issuers from the issuance of the New Secured Notes.

(c)   Release and Substitution of Property Subject to the Lien of the Indenture

        The security documents and the New Secured Notes Indenture will provide that the liens securing the note guarantee of any Guarantor will be automatically released when such Guarantor's note guarantee is released in accordance with the terms of the New Secured Notes Indenture. In addition, the liens securing the obligations under the New Secured Notes and the New Secured Notes Indenture will be released: (1) upon satisfaction and discharge of the New Secured Notes Indenture; (2) upon a legal defeasance or covenant defeasance of the New Secured Notes; (3) upon payment in full in cash and discharge of all New Secured Notes outstanding under the New Secured Notes Indenture and all other obligations that are outstanding, due and payable under the New Secured Notes Indenture and the other security documents at the time the New Secured Notes are paid in full in cash and discharged; (4) as to any collateral of any Issuer or a Guarantor that is sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by such Issuer or Guarantor (other than in connection with sale of all or substantially all of assets) to a person that is not (either before or after such sale, transfer or disposition) the Company or a restricted subsidiary of the Company in a transaction or other circumstance that does not violate the covenant regarding asset sales (other than the obligation to apply proceeds of such asset sale as provided in such covenant) and is permitted by all of the other security documents, at the time of such sale, transfer or other disposition or to the extent of the interest sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of; (5) with respect to all or substantially all of the collateral, with the consent of the Holders of at least 66.67% of outstanding New Secured Notes; (6) with respect to the assets of each Guarantor, at the time such Guarantor is released from its note guarantee; or (7) if and to the extent required by the provisions of the Pari Passu Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement or the provisions of the First Lien/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

        The Issuers shall comply with Section 314(a)(4) of the Trust Indenture Act.

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(d)   Satisfaction and Discharge

        The New Secured Notes Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect as to all New Secured Notes issued thereunder (except for certain surviving rights of the Trustee and the Issuers' obligations with respect thereto), when:

        (1)   either:

        (a)   all New Secured Notes that have been authenticated (except lost, stolen or destroyed New Secured Notes that have been replaced or paid and New Secured Notes for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to the Issuers) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

        (b)   all New Secured Notes that have not been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable, will become due and payable at stated maturity within one year, or are to be called for redemption under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for giving notice of redemption and any Issuer or Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders, cash in U.S. dollars, U.S. government obligations, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of interest, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the New Secured Notes not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation for principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest to the date of fixed maturity or redemption;

        (2)   in respect of clause (b) above, no Event of Default will have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (other than an Event of Default resulting from borrowings to fund such deposit or similar deposits and the granting of liens to secure such borrowings) and such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument to which the Parent Guarantor or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which it is bound (other than with respect to borrowings to fund such deposit or similar deposits and the granting of liens to secure such borrowings);

        (3)   the Issuers or any Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all sums payable by the Issuers under the New Secured Notes Indenture;

        (4)   the Issuers have delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee under the New Secured Notes Indenture to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the New Secured Notes at maturity or the redemption date, as the case may be.

        In addition, the Issuers must deliver an officers' certificate and an opinion of counsel to the Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge have been satisfied.

        The collateral will be released from the liens securing the New Secured Notes upon a satisfaction and discharge in accordance with the provisions described above.

(e)   Evidence Required to be Furnished by the Issuers to the Trustee as to Compliance with the Conditions and Covenants Provided for in the Indenture

        The Issuers shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, an officers' certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Parent Guarantor and its subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing officers and that to the best knowledge of each officer signing such certificate each obligor on the New Secured Notes has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in the New Secured Notes Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of the New Secured Notes, without regard to any grace period or requirement of notice required by the New Secured Notes (or, if a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is

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continuing, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which such officer may have knowledge and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto).

        The Issuers shall deliver to the Trustee a notice of the Default in accordance with the provisions described above.

        Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant shall include a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions relating thereto, a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based, a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with, and a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

9.     Other Obligors

        No person, other than the Applicants, will be an obligor of the New Secured Notes.

        The mailing address for each Applicant is 505 S. Gillette Ave., Gillette, Wyoming, 82716.

        Contents of Application for Qualification.    This application for qualification comprises—

        (a)   Pages numbered 1 to 28, consecutively.

        (b)   The statement of eligibility and qualification of the trustee under the indenture to be qualified.

        (c)   The following exhibits in addition to those filed as part of the statement of eligibility and qualification of the trustee:

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SIGNATURE

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the Applicants have duly caused this application to be signed on each of their behalves by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Gillette, and State of Wyoming, on the 12th day of September, 2016.

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